World bank statistics
World bank statistics
About us
The demand for good-quality statistical data continues to increase. Timely and reliable statistics are key inputs to the broad development strategy. Improvements in the quality and quantity of data on all aspects of development are essential if we are to achieve the goal of a world without poverty.
Good data are needed to set baselines, identify effective public and private actions, set goals and targets, monitor progress and evaluate impacts. They are also an essential tool of good government, providing means for people to assess what governments do and helping them to participate directly in the development process.
At the World Bank, the Development Data Group coordinates statistical and data work and maintains a number of macro, financial and sector databases. Working closely with the Bank’s regions and Global Practices, the group is guided by professional standards in the collection, compilation and dissemination of data to ensure that all data users can have confidence in the quality and integrity of the data produced.
Much of the data comes from the statistical systems of member countries, and the quality of global data depends on how well these national systems perform. The World Bank works to help developing countries improve the capacity, efficiency and effectiveness of national statistical systems. Without better and more comprehensive national data, it is impossible to develop effective policies, monitor the implementation of poverty reduction strategies, or monitor progress towards global goals.
Measurement of Development Progress
World Bank databases are essential tools for supporting critical management decisions and providing key statistical information for Bank operational activities. The application of internationally accepted standards and norms results in a consistent, reliable source of information.
Global Statistical Strategy
To be of use, statistics must be both reliable and relevant. They need to be compiled correctly, following standard practices and methodology. They must also meet the needs of users and answer the questions posed by policymakers.
Developing countries face a number of problems in providing statistics that meet these criteria. They often find themselves caught in a vicious cycle—under-investment in national statistical systems constrains activities and results in data of poor quality, which policymakers are unwilling to rely on. This lack of demand for the data leads to fewer resources being made available for their production and quality control. The World Bank is committed to helping developing countries break out of this cycle. Our work includes investments in statistical activities, creating and implementing standards and frameworks for data collection, analysis and dissemination, strengthening the international statistical system, and compiling global data sets.
There is also much to be done in raising awareness of the value of statistics among governments, decision makers and other users. As advocates for statistics, we work in close partnership with developing countries and our partners in the international community.
A priority of the World Bank’s efforts to improve the statistical infrastructure of developing countries is the preparation of national strategies for the development of statistics as recommended in the Marrakech Action Plan for Statistics. These country-driven plans look at the needs of the whole statistical system and provide the basis for coordinated and prioritized donor assistance. Other components of the World Bank’s statistical capacity building program include:
The International System
The World Bank works closely with the international statistical community including the agencies of the United Nations (UN), the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the regional development banks, and donors by:
In addition to compiling international data sets, which are generally based on data generated by national statistical systems, the World Bank supports a number of programs to collect transnational data. These are data that can only be collected by a globally coordinated program. They include:
Training and Client Services
Providing training courses on new and regular data practices and tools is an important element of the Bank’s data business. These courses are free of charge and attended by Bank staff and some participants from visiting client countries.
The “customer support” for the growing number of users of data and data tools includes responding to large volumes of queries and requests from inside and outside the Bank; increasing the accessibility and availability of data knowledge; providing technical and knowledge support to internal and external clients; and responding to client needs for the presentation and understanding of the data.
Publications
The World Bank produces an array of data publications in various formats (print and electronic) that cover a wide range of development issues. These publications reflect the scope of the data work and the wide range of user interests. They also make the data more available and accessible, especially through the use of maps, charts and graphs.\u2028
For general information about data, publications and time-series, contact the World Bank Development Data Group:
International Debt Statistics (IDS)
IDS provides comprehensive annual external debt stocks and flows data as reported by the borrowers. Explore IDS data through the data tables below or for more data and information you can visit:
IDS Data Tables:
Data are shown for all developing countries, six regional groups (East Asia and Pacific, Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and Caribbean, Middle East and North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa), and two income groups (low-income and middle-income countries).
These analytical tables show a select number of indicators as reported in the IDS publication.
The IDS Database Archive includes links to databases published from 1985
Data are shown for all developing countries, six regional groups (East Asia and Pacific, Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and Caribbean, Middle East and North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa), and two income groups (low-income and middle-income countries).
These standard tables show a full list of indicators available in the database.
To learn more about IDS, visit the Methodology page or the Frequently Asked Questions.
Trade statistics by Country / Region
WITS TradeStat Database is designed with the purpose of providing the latest international merchandise and commercial services trade data and overview of country and region’s imports and exports, tariff and non-tariff measures. View international trade statistics by country or region to obtain the following (i) country or region’s overall exports, imports and tariffs (i) details of exports and imports with various partner countries along with partner share and Most Favored Nation (MFN) and Effective Applied Tariff (AHS) tariffs imposed. (iii) Details on various products exported and imported globally and with individual partner countries (iv) Trade indicators like number of export and import partners, herfindahl hirschman index, Index Of Export Market Penetration, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and much more(iv) Relevant indicators from World Development Indicators (WDI) like GDP, GDP per Capita, Trade as percentage of GDP, Services Exports and Imports, taxes on exports and more.
A Global Database of Inflation
The World Bank’s Prospects Group has constructed a global database of inflation. The database covers up to 196 countries over the period 1970-2022 (updated), and includes six measures of inflation in three frequencies (annual, quarterly, and monthly):
The database also provides aggregate inflation for global, advanced-economy, and emerging market and developing economies as well as measures of global commodity prices.
The working paper, by Jongrim Ha, M. Ayhan Kose, and Franziska Ohnsorge, provides detailed information on the database and shows three potential applications of the database: the evolution of global inflation since 1970, the behavior of inflation during global recessions, and the role of common factors in explaining movements in different measures of inflation.
The inflation data are available for download in Excel and Stata. The commodity price data are available here. The database is updated twice a year.
When using the data, please cite the following paper as the data source: Ha, Jongrim, M. Ayhan Kose, and Franziska Ohnsorge (2021). «One-Stop Source: A Global Database of Inflation.» Policy Research Working Paper 9737. World Bank, Washington DC.
The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the working paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank and its affiliated organizations.
Statistical Performance Indicators (SPI)
Reliable, usable, high-quality statistics are vital for global prosperity and progress. The Statistical Performance Indicators (SPI) provide an open-source framework for assessing the performance of statistical systems and the efforts to improve them.
Browse the map to see the overall SPI scores for 174 countries.
The SPI framework assesses the maturity and performance of national statistical systems in five key areas, called pillars. The five pillars are:
Data Use: Statistics have value only if they are used. So the first pillar is data use. A successful statistical system produces data that are used widely and frequently.
Data Services: A range of services connects data users to producers and facilitate dialogues between them, thus building trust and a sense of value.
Data Products: The dialogues between users and producers drive the design and range of statistical products and their accuracy, timeliness, frequency, comparability, and levels of disaggregation. The products signal whether countries are able to produce indicators related to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
Data Sources: To create useful products, the statistical system needs to draw on sources inside and outside the government. Data collection thus goes beyond the typical censuses and surveys to include administrative and geospatial data as well as data generated by private firms and citizens.
Data Infrastructure: A mature statistical system has well-developed hard infrastructure (legislation, governance, standards) and soft infrastructure (skills, partnerships) as well as the financial resources to deliver useful—and widely used—data products and services.
Each of these pillars is supported by four or five dimensions and uses defined methods and indicators, all available as open data and open code. You can explore the data or learn more about the framework.
SPI Policy Research Working Paper
The research builds on the results of the Statistical Capacity Index and offers new statistical performance indicators and a Statistical Performance Index to measure a country’s statistical performance.
SPI Technical Note
This note discusses the motivation behind the new Statistical Performance Indicators, outlines some of its major features, and describes the new index based on the indicators.
World Development Report 2020: Data for Better Lives
The report explores the potential of the changing data landscape to improve the lives of poor people, while also acknowledging its challenges.
Country Engagement
Site Tools
FEATURED
The World Bank Group’s Country Partnership Framework (CPF) aims to make our country-driven model more systematic, evidence-based, selective, and focused on the Bank’s twin goals of ending extreme poverty and increasing shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. The CPF replaces the Country Assistance Strategy (CAS). Used in conjunction with a Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD), the CPF guides the World Bank Group’s (WBG) support to a member country.
A Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) informs each new CPF. The aim of the SCD is to identify the most important challenges and opportunities a country faces in advancing towards the twin goals. This is derived from a thorough analysis, and informed by consultations with a range of stakeholders.
View the World Bank Group Directive and Guidance on Country Engagement.
Steps in our Country Engagement:
Step 1: What are the biggest constraints to reducing poverty and increasing shared prosperity in a sustainable way? SCDs are built on an analysis of data and existing studies by the WBG and external partners, and aim at identifying the most critical constraints to, and opportunities for, reducing poverty and building shared prosperity sustainably. The SCD’s findings take into account the views of a broad set of stakeholders, including the private sector.
Step 2: What are the most important contributions the World Bank Group can make? The CPF lays out the main country development goals that WBG aims to help the country achieve, and proposes a selective program of indicative WBG interventions for this purpose. Derived from these country development goals are more specific CPF objectives against which the program is monitored during and evaluated at the end of the CPF cycle. CPF objectives are selected to reflect Government priorities, main constraints identified by the SCD, and the WBG’s comparative advantage.
Step 3: How are we doing? Performance and Learning Reviews (PLRs) are prepared mid-way through the CPF cycle. PLRs identify and capture lessons, and determine midcourse corrections in the CPF objectives and program of interventions. They also contribute to and help build the WBG’s knowledge base, into the SCD and CPF.
Step 4: What did we learn? Completion and Learning Reviews (CLR) identify and capture end-of-cycle learning to contribute to the WBG’s knowledge base, including on how to integrate inclusion and sustainability dimensions into WBG programs. CLR findings are an important input to the preparation of a new CPF.
Links to CPFs, Discussion Summaries, Information Notices (as of July 15, 2022)
Статистика и рейтинги
Статистические данные широко используются в прикладных международных исследованиях. Они позволяют делать сравнения и анализировать международные события, основываясь на конкретных количественных показателях. Источниками представленных статистических данных выступают крупные международные организации, в числе которых ООН, МВФ, Всемирный банк, ВТО. Международные и национальные базы статистических данных охватывают практически все аспекты глобального развития.
Очень полезными для международных исследований могут быть и различные индексы. Под индексом понимается показатель, количественно отражающий ту или иную качественную характеристику объекта исследования. Для расчета индексов вырабатываются специальные методологии, которые имеют как свои недостатки, так и преимущества. Все источники общедоступны и позволяют легко и бесплатно скачивать данные. Источники на английском языке. В аннотации приводится краткое описание содержания источника, и даются рекомендации по скачиванию материалов.
Статистика
Содержит ссылки на различные базы данных по производству и потреблению энергии, энергоресурсов, макроэкономическому положению различных государств.
Debt Statistics
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Find answers to the most frequently asked questions below. You can also view all of the FAQs in the «Debt Statistics-FAQ.pdf». If you can’t find the answer to your question, check out the User Guide or email us.
International Debt Statistics (IDS)
The website is the central hub for information on debt statistics. Here you can find all the debt related statistics including International Debt Statistics (IDS), Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS), Quarterly Public Sector Debt Statistics (QPSD), and other related publications, blogs, articles, detailed guides, and methodology. Check out the User Guide for more details on the website’s resources.
IDS is an annual World Bank publication that provides policymakers and analysts aggregate and country-specific information on trends in external debt in low- and middle-income countries (country classifications can be found here: World Bank Country and Lending Groups – World Bank Data Help Desk). It presents external borrowing and sources of lending by type of borrower and creditor with information on data availability and comparability. Since 1951, borrowing countries that have received loans from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) or International Development Association (IDA) have been required to provide data on their public and publicly guaranteed external debt. Starting in 1973, borrowing countries need to disclose to the World Bank non-guaranteed private sector debt with a public guarantee. Public and publicly guaranteed debt is reported on a loan-by-loan basis, whereas private sector nonguaranteed debt is reported on an aggregate basis. Currently there are 123 low- and middle-income countries with outstanding obligations to the World Bank in the IDS database. The curated data tables, historical database, and the IDS publication are all available online.
IDS presents comprehensive stock and flow data for 123 low- and middle-income countries (country classifications can be found here: World Bank Country and Lending Groups – World Bank Data Help Desk) and a summary overview of the key elements driving outcomes in debt stocks and financial flows. IDS reports general government external debt, private sector external debt, principal payments, interest payments, debt data by creditor, as well as ratios of debt to Gross National Income and to exports of good, services, and primary income. For more information, please see the IDS methodology page.
The World Bank’s rationale for collecting data on the external debt obligations of its borrowers comes from the need to ensure their debt servicing capacity and to support the assessment of their overall macroeconomic health. As a global public good, the World Bank disseminates aggregate data series derived from borrowers’ submissions on an annual basis.
In addition, the World Bank has a mandate to collect accurate and timely public debt data to facilitate the effective discharge of its duties and to disseminate the data to the public, as collected through the Debtor Reporting System (DRS) and published in IDS. The data collection and dissemination mandate of the World Bank is based on the Bank Policy on “External Debt Reporting and Financial Statements” (PDF). This was amended in July 2005 and provides the institutional framework for the requirement that a borrowing or guaranteeing member country provide reliable and timely external debt data to the Bank. The Bank’s General Conditions require such member country to “furnish to the Bank all such information as the Bank shall reasonably request with respect to financial and economic conditions in its territory, including its balance of payments and external debt”. As a condition of Board presentation of loans and credits, the borrowing country must submit a complete report (or an acceptable plan of action for such reporting) on its external debt. The reporting to Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS) and Quarterly Public Sector Debt (QPSD) is voluntary and not covered by the Bank Policy.
Full disclosure of the stock of public and publicly guaranteed debt and contingent liabilities of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and related terms and conditions helps borrowers and lenders to make sound financial decisions. It is the key to ensure that global public debt stays at a sustainable level. To support debt transparency, the World Bank regularly disseminates easily accessible debt statistics for policymakers, debt office practitioners, creditors, and the broader international community. For more details, see Expert Answers: What Is Debt Transparency?. Some low-income countries have limited debt management capacity and may not be able to report on external debt obligations comprehensively. The World Bank is committed to assisting these countries to strengthen their capacity in debt management. For more details, see the G-20 Note on Strengthening Public Debt Transparency (PDF).
The fiscal costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated global debt servicing costs, which were already at an elevated level in many low- and middle-income countries. The G-20 Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI) launched in April 2020 with support from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) aims to support the world’s poorest countries in the fight against COVID-19 through the provision of temporary debt relief. Debt transparency is essential to this process for recipient governments and creditors to assess the potential impact of DSSI and other financing needs.
You can access our IDS publication here: https://data.worldbank.org/products/ids, along with other useful information regarding external debt. You can also access our publication archive at the bottom of the linked page.
There are multiple ways to view the data from each debt statistics database:
Curated Data Tables:
To access historic statistics, please use DataBank:
You can also access the data through the World Bank API
Below are some commonly used indicators. You can type the code into the search box in the Series tab when you are using DataBank to access these data more conveniently:
Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI)
Yes. You can access the DSSI database on DataBank. To learn more about how these statistics were compiled, please read DSSI: What We Measure (PDF). For more information on DSSI, please see COVID 19: Debt Service Suspension Initiative.
On DataBank, first navigate to the IDS or IDS-DSSI database. You can then select the counterpart-area tab below the country tab. You can also select “World” in the counterpart-area tab to see the totals:
Debt service payments for the DSSI database measure the actual amount of debt service paid in past years and the projected amount of debt service due monthly for two future years based on the disbursed and outstanding long-term external public debt at year-end for the latest reported year, net of (i.e. excluding) principal in arrears. Projected debt service payments do not include any increase in debt service that may arise from:
For additional information on methodology for IDS-DSSI, please see DSSI: What we Measure (PDF)
Debtor Reporting System (DRS)
The World Bank Debtor Reporting System (DRS), governed by the Bank Policy on External Debt, obligates all IBRD and IDA borrowers to provide detailed, loan-by-loan information on external public debt with an original maturity of more than one year, on a quarterly basis for new commitments, and on an annual basis for transactions (stocks and flows) for all outstanding external loans. DRS requires borrowers to report aggregated long-term non-guaranteed external debt in the private sector on an annual basis. DRS only collects long-term debt statistics and defines external public debt as:
For more information, please see DRS: What it measures (PDF).
No. As outlined by the Bank Policy on External Debt, the external debt that a country must report to the Bank includes: (a) public debt with an original maturing of one year or more, contracted or guaranteed by the government of the country or its political subdivisions, the central bank, and other agencies; and (b) private, nonguaranteed debt. However, reporting to the Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS) and Quarterly Public Sector Debt (QPSD) databases is on a voluntary basis.
To request additional data or breakdowns, you must follow the World Bank Access to Information Protocol due to the confidentiality of the loan-by-loan debt data. Users must submit a request via the following portal: Access to Information Request Submission and complete Annex A of DRS Data Dissemination and Access Policy form.
DRS classifies an entity as an official bilateral entity based on the profile of the creditor entity and the profile of subsidy. The categories of these creditors are:
▪ Government or public agencies
▪ Central, provincial, or local governments
▪ Central banks (Monetary Authority)
▪ Public enterprises (50% or more government owned, state owned enterprises (SOE))
▪ Governmental export-financing institutions, (i.e. Exim banks)
DRS classifies a creditor entity as private based on legal status the entity. The categories of these creditors are:
Gross external debt, at any given time, is the outstanding amount of those actual current, and not contingent, liabilities that require payment(s) of principal and/or interest by the debtor at some point(s) in the future and that are owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy.
Long-term debt is debt with an original maturity of more than one year. Short-term debt instruments have an original maturity of one year or less.
Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS)
The World Bank, in collaboration with the IMF, launched the QEDS database in October 2014. The QEDS database presents external debt data for low-, middle-, and high-income countries that subscribe to the IMF’s Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS) or the IMF’s General Data Dissemination System (GDDS). The QEDS SDDS database provides detailed external debt data beginning from 1998Q1 and the QEDS GDDS database provides external debt data starting with 2002Q4. Participation in QEDS is voluntary, and you can see the full list of participating countries here. QEDS data are compiled on a quarterly basis and disseminated within four months following the close of the report in period. You may access the curated data tables or the full historic database on Databank for SDDS and GDDS. To learn more about SDDS and GDDS, please see the IMF’s Dissemination Standards Bulletin Board.
SDDS was established by the IMF to guide member countries that have, or might seek, access to international capital markets in the provision of their economic and financial data to the public. Subscription to the SDDS was opened in early April 1996 with a letter from the IMF’s Managing Director to all IMF Members and Governors. Although subscription is voluntary, it carries a commitment by a subscribing member to observe the reporting standards and to provide certain information to the IMF about its practices in disseminating economic and financial data. To date, there have been 77 subscriptions to the SDDS, including 26 countries which are part of SDDS Plus. The core set of tables are the SDDS prescribed external debt data category (Table 1) and encouraged debt data categories (Tables 2, 3, and 4). Table 1 includes breakdowns of the total gross external debt position by sector, maturity, and instrument, and the three other tables, Table 2, 3, and 4, gather data on the domestic-foreign currency breakdown of external debt, forward debt service schedule, and principal and interest payments due in one year or less. The remaining set of tables comprise supplementary statistics that go beyond the SDDS requirements to provide further analytical presentations—particularly with respect to sectoral data—and facilitate cross country data analysis. Provision of data for table 1—the table based on the prescribed SDDS data category—by sector, maturity, and instrument is a minimum requirement for participation in SDDS. For methodology, please see: Guide for Subscribers and Users: The Special Data Dissemination Standard; 2013 (PDF)
The GDDS database focuses on the dissemination of the public and publicly guaranteed external debt position data disaggregated by maturity. This is the core data element for participation in QEDS, but the dissemination of other data is encouraged, including the external debt-service payment schedule, creditor sector information, the external debt position disaggregated by type of instrument, and domestic-foreign currency composition.. Provision of data on public and publicly guaranteed external debt disaggregated by maturity (Table 1) is mandatory for participation in the QEDS. Data on private sector external debt not publicly guaranteed is not essential for participation in GDDS but reporting of these data are encouraged.
You can access historic and the latest debt statistic through the World Bank QEDS DataBank:
You can also switch from SDDS and GDDS reporters by navigating through the Database tab. To select time the frame for the data extract, please select years within the Time tab on the left-hand panel.
World bank statistics
Access country dashboards displaying tables and graphs with the latest data and trends on Statistical Capacity. For a detailed description of the Statistical Capacity Indicator including metadata click here.
Statistical Capacity Indicator Data Query
The data query contains all 25 indicators the Statistical Capacity Indicator is being composed of, as well as the scores for each assessment area and overall score. It furthermore allows aggregates to be built for comparison reasons.
Statistical Capacity Indicator API
Statistical Capacity Country Profile
The Statistical Capacity Country Profile is a user-friendly online database providing key information on statistical systems of developing countries. Along with the Statistical Capacity Indicator, it facilitates the assessment of countries’ statistical capacity.
About the Portal
Statistical Capacity is a nation’s ability to collect, analyze, and disseminate high-quality data about its population and economy. Quality statistics are essential for all stages of evidence-based decision-making, including:
The World Bank’s Statistical Capacity Indicator is a composite score assessing the capacity of a country’s statistical system. It is based on a diagnostic framework assessing the following areas: methodology; data sources; and periodicity and timeliness. Countries are scored against 25 criteria in these areas, using publicly available information and/or country input. The overall Statistical Capacity score is then being calculated as simple average of all three area scores on a scale of 0-100.
Debt Statistics
Methodology
Debt statistics are compiled and disseminated using the concepts and definitions of the latest international standards. Below you can access methodology relating to our databases and additional manuals and guides, such as the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual and the BPM6 Compilation Guide.
The DRS Manual is available in the following languages (PDF):
The DRS system captures detailed information at loan level for external borrowing of reporting countries using standardized set of forms. Click on the various forms below for a direct download to the Excel form:
IDS is published annually in early October. Following this publication, data and metadata updates in the IDS database and the online tables will be reflected by the end of December and April in a database refresh.
For more information on the DRS, please visit the data tables, FAQ, or the Data Help Desk.
To support the Bank-IMF Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI) and in the interests of greater debt transparency, the World Bank released data on the public and publicly guaranteed debt stocks and projected debt service due, for the DSSI eligible countries, disaggregated by creditor type.
For more information on DSSI, please visit our data tables or the FAQ.
Banking Stats
Banking Stats (Editor’s Choice)
General Banking Statistics
(Allied Market Research)
3. The global market capitalization of the banking industry rose in Q1 2021.
In Q1 2020, the banking market cap was at a low of €4.9 trillion (
$5.8 trillion), to start a tentative recovery later in the year. The following quarter saw a slight improvement, and the market cap jumped to €5.3 trillion. The first quarter of 2021 saw a more marked rise to €7.3 trillion. These banking industry stats indicate that the sector has picked up again in the wake of the global COVID-19 crisis.
4. J.P. Morgan Chase is the largest bank in the world by market cap.
(Companies Market Cap)
5. In 2021, four Chinese banks were market leaders by total assets.
6. The UK’s HSBC Holdings is the largest bank in Europe by total assets.
7. In 2020, there were 381,410 ATMs across Europe.
This marks a 2% drop in popularity compared to the previous year. The decrease reflects the surge in popularity of non-cash payments which accelerated amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
8. About 40% of ATM users use the machines between 8 and 10 times a month.
The average number of ATM uses per month is 300, according to the latest ATM usage statistics. On average, 24-hour convenience store ATMs process 3,000 transactions per month. The best performing ones process as many as 6,400 transactions a month. In the US, every year, over 10 billion ATM transactions are performed.
10. In 2019, creating digital capabilities was a top priority for banks worldwide.
Developing such capabilities was the most critical technology area for about 28% of bank organizations. Modernizing legacy systems, managing security, identity, and privacy, along with building a modern workplace were other essential aspects. These stats show that banks worldwide have fully embraced global digitalization rather than trying to avoid it.
11. In 2019, banks worldwide invested the most in improving their digital banking product.
US Banking Industry Statistics
14. About 94.6% of American households were banked in 2019.
This corresponds to about 124.2 million. According to the FDIC overview of the consumer banking industry, an estimated 5.4% (or about 7.1 million) of US households were unbanked in 2019. This marks a 1.1 percentage points drop from 2017, and the lowest result since 2009, the survey’s first year.
15. Unbanked Americans cited not having enough money to keep in a bank account as the main reason for their situation.
Checking account statistics show that 29% of unbanked households said this was the main reason. Other major reasons for not having a bank account in 2019 included distrust in banks (16.1%), a wish for more privacy (7.1%), and high fees (7.3%). About 1.6% believe bank account fees are too unpredictable, while 8% have issues with personal identification, credit, or former bank account.
16. Checking and savings accounts are the most common type of bank accounts in the US.
17. The number of total commercial banks in the US between 2009 and 2019 dropped by 2,311.
In 2009, there were a total of 6,829 commercial banks in the United States and Other Areas. This number fell in the next decade. In 2014, there were 5,607 commercial banks, and that figure dropped to 4,518 in 2019. This 10-year drop represents a decrease of over a third (33.84%). Bank stats, for example, show that in 1990, there were 12,347 commercial banks.
18. The number of total branches in the US between 2009 and 2019 decreased by 5,653.
The number of total bank branches in the country fell alongside the number of commercial banks. In 2009, there were 82,490 branches. Their total number in the next five years dropped to 81,405 and then to 76,837 in 2019. This decrease, however, was by 6.85% and much lower than the drop in the number of commercial banks. These numbers are still higher than those recorded in the 90s, as confirmed by statistics on banking. In 1990, for instance, there were only 50,199 branches.
20. The total deposit value in US commercial banks is continually increasing.
21. The total equity capital of American commercial banks has been steadily growing over the past 20 years.
23. Americans have over 5 bank accounts on average.
The average number of bank accounts per person in the US is 5.3. About 58% of American consumers decide what bank to choose by inertia, according to consumer banking statistics. Namely, 49% just feel most comfortable with the choice. An additional 26% and 14% pick their bank because their credit card is issued there, or their investments are there. US credit card statistics and trends further show Americans have 2.7 credit cards on average.
24. J.P. Morgan Chase was the leading commercial bank by revenue in the US in 2019.
25. Wells Fargo was the leading commercial bank in the US by number of employees in 2020.
Wells Fargo earned the first spot in this category, with its 233,403 employees. J.P. Morgan Chase ended up second here with 197,963 personnel. Bank statistics further show that Citibank and Bank of America ranked third and fourth with 168,124 and 140,198 employees, respectively.
26. J.P. Morgan Chase had the largest market capitalization in the United States in 2021.
Online Banking Statistics
27. Consumers in Iceland, Denmark, and Norway use internet banking the most compared to other European countries.
The growth of online banking in these countries has been impressive. In 2020, 96% of Icelanders, 94% of Danes, and 94% of Norwegians said they were using the internet for banking, according to consumer banking industry data. People from Finland, the Netherlands, and Sweden recorded high levels of online banking use (92%, 89%, and 85%, respectively). Montenegro, Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania, and Bulgaria are the European countries where online banking use was under 15% in 2020.
28. 63% of American households used online banking to access their bank accounts.
Online banking trends in the US reveal there’s been a modest increase in internet banking. Back in 2013 and 2015 respective 55.1% and 60.4% of families accessed accounts online. In 2017, online banking was the primary method for accessing bank accounts for 36% of households. Still, this type of managing bank accounts was the most common choice during each of these years.
30. Young Americans aren’t the ones who use online banking the most.
While people expect younger generations to use online banking the most, that wasn’t the case in 2019. Internet banking was the most popular among Americans aged 55-64 (29.3%) and 45-54 (26.6%). Online banking usage statistics further show that consumers aged 15-24 (7.2%) and those aged 25-34 (14.4%) use online banking the least.
31. White Americans use internet banking the most.
As many as 26.7 white Americans use the internet to access and manage their checking accounts, followed by 25.7% of Asian Americans. The concept is relatively popular among Native Americans too, with 17% of them using online banking. The latest digital banking statistics, only 12% and 11.1% of African and Hispanic Americans access bank accounts online.
32. In 2019, over 161 million Americans banked online.
This figure has been continually growing over the past five years. In 2014, for example, about 135.5 million Americans used digital banking services. These numbers show an increase in online banking usage of nearly 20% (19.26%). The prevalence of digital technologies and the rise in fintech businesses fueled the change, as banking statistics reveal.
Mobile Banking Trends and Stats
33. About 40% of US families used mobile banking in 2017.
In 2013, only 23.2% of households used this method to access their bank account. By 2015, this share reached 31.9% and then hit the 40.4% recorded in 2017. This mobile banking vs online banking comparison shows how the first concept can soon overpower the latter. Over a third (34%) of households meanwhile chose mobile banking as a primary method. This percentage made mobile banking the fourth most popular option, following online banking, bank teller, and ATMs, according to mobile banking usage statistics.
35. Mobile banking is the most popular method for accessing bank accounts among Americans aged 15-24.
If we compare online banking vs mobile banking, the latter is more popular among young generations. Nearly two-thirds (62.9%) of consumers from this group primarily use mobile devices to manage their bank accounts. Those aged 25-34 come in next with 61.7%. The concept is modestly popular among those aged 35-44 and 45-54, with 49.8% and 36.3% using it, respectively. Unsurprisingly, mobile banking is the least used among those aged over 65 (8.3%), according to online banking facts.
36. Hispanic Americans use mobile banking the most.
More than 40% (41.3%) of these consumers use mobile devices to manage their checking accounts. African and Asian Americans come in next with 37.2% and 39.3%. Only 31.4% of white consumers in the US access savings and banking accounts using smart devices.
37. Mobile banking is on the rise among banked American households.
While most people focus on online banking vs traditional banking statistics, a third player is slowly conquering the market. Mobile banking, in contrast, noted a significant improvement in the use of 6.1%. If this trend continues as expected, mobile devices may soon emerge as the most popular method for managing bank accounts.
38. Most banked American households use mobile devices to check emails about their banking accounts.
In 2017, 44.1% of banked households checked emails about their accounts via smartphones and tablets. About 35.4% checked balances or transactions, while 34% checked message alerts. FDIC’s banking stats show that 26.5% and 25.4% of households used mobile devices to make bill payments and transferred money between accounts. Check depositing and money transfers to other people were daily actions for 18% and 13.7% of the households.
The Bottom Line
While the popularity of online and traditional banking has slightly dropped, mobile banking is emerging as a leading trend. With mobile devices an inseparable part of our everyday lives, mobile banking sees a significant increase in use. With the rise of mobile and internet banking, ATMs are losing popularity too. The latest banking stats and trends show that their number has dropped by almost 30,000 between 2016 and 2019 in Europe only. Still, experts have predicted that the ATM industry will keep growing. So, only time will tell whether the latest banking trends will hurt this lucrative market.
The World Bank in Mali
The World Bank portfolio is supporting Mali in addressing its economic challenges with a focus on education, health, agriculture, and energy.
Overview
Mali, a vast Sahelian country, has a low-income economy that is undiversified and vulnerable to commodity fluctuations. Its rapid population growth (a fertility rate of 5.88 children per woman in 2018 1 ) and climate change pose a threat to agriculture and food insecurity.
The extreme poverty rate in 2019 was 42.3%, as a result of outstanding agricultural output since 2014. The 2020 health, security, social, and political crises led to a 5% increase in poverty. Some 90% of the country’s poverty is concentrated in the densely populated rural areas of the south.
Political Context
Mali has been experiencing instability and conflict since the 2012 military coup and the occupation of the north by armed groups. The operations of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) date back to July 2014.
In the aftermath of the military coup of August 18, 2020, a transition government and a National Transition Council serving as the National Assembly were installed pending the organization of democratic elections.
Colonel Assimi Goïta, the leader of the coup, was declared Head of State on May 28, 2021 by the Constitutional Court, following some 10 days of negotiations for the formation of a government and the arrest of the transitional president, Bah N’Daw, and the prime minister, Moctar Ouane, in the wake of another coup on May 24, 2021.
At a summit held on May 30, 2021, the Heads of State of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) suspended Mali’s membership without imposing sanctions and subsequently demanded that elections be held in February 2022. However, on January 9, 2022, as there was no timetable in place for organizing these elections, ECOWAS countries imposed economic and financial sanctions and closed their borders with Mali. ECOWAS mediation efforts are continuing in a bid to reach consensus on the duration of the transition and the organization of the elections.
On February 21, 2022, the National Transition Council adopted a revised charter promulgated by the Transitional President on February 26. The position of Vice-President that existed in the old charter has been abolished and a transition period of between six months and five years has been established, in accordance with the recommendations of the National Conference on Reconciliation (ANR) held in December 2021.
Economic Overview
The combined effects of the pandemic, poor agricultural performance, and the sociopolitical crisis pushed the Malian economy into a recession in 2020. Real GDP rebounded slightly in 2021, with growth estimated at 3.1%, driven by the recovery in the key sectors of agriculture and services.
Improvements in the terms of trade during the 2019-2020 period, driven by a surge in gold prices on the international market, slowed in 2021. This deceleration, coupled with the recovery in import demand, led to an increase in the current account deficit despite the decline in external flows.
Budget expenditure, which had been increased in 2020 to respond to the pandemic and contain the socioeconomic crisis, continued to rise, driven in particular by the wage bill and security spending. The recovery observed in 2021 also resulted in an increase in tax revenues, helping to stabilize the fiscal deficit at 5.5% of GDP.
In the short term, the priorities are to resume constructive dialogue with ECOWAS on lifting sanctions while pursuing reforms to improve the performance of the tax administration.
(1) World Bank data – World Development Indicators 2018
Last Updated: Apr 14, 2022
The World Bank Group’s work in Mali is guided by a partnership framework designed to respond to the country’s challenges following the 2012 and 2020 crises.
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
IFC, the private sector arm of the World Bank Group, is implementing projects that are central to Mali’s development. In partnership with the World Bank and the World Bank Group Sahel Regional Initiative, IFC is facilitating reforms that foster private sector development and is providing financing and technical assistance to attract investors and mitigate the risks associated with these projects.
In Mali, IFC is mobilizing the private sector with the aim of supporting the country’s economic recovery and enhancing its resilience. For the 2021-2025 period, this strategy includes the following priorities:
Working in partnership with the World Bank, IFC in Mali is also involved with technical assistance projects that seek to improve the operations of small and medium enterprises and the business climate.
Last Updated: Apr 14, 2022
COVID-19 Emergency Response
Safety Nets
The “Jigisemejiri” (tree of hope) Emergency Safety Nets Project aims to reduce poverty and food insecurity. Between 2013 and September 2021:
Urban Drinking Water Supply Project
In 2019, 65% of Bamako’s residents had access to drinking water, although households with service connections experienced water shortages. In response, the government developed the Urban Water Supply Project, a multi-donor program that aims to supply 95% of Bamako’s population with safe drinking water from Kabala by 2025:
IDA financing is also aimed at improving the drinking water supply systems in Gao (Gao region), Bougouni and Sélingué (Sikasso region), Markala (Ségou region), and Kita and Nioro du Sahel (Kayes region). It will provide an additional 356,000 persons with access to safe water in the six aforementioned secondary centers.
Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS)
The QEDS databases brings together detailed external debt data of countries that subscribe to the IMF’s Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS) and a selected number of countries that participate in the IMF’s General Data Dissemination System (GDDS). QEDS provides the quarterly external debt position broken down by sector, maturity, instruments and currency. Explore the QEDS data tables below or for more data and information you may visit:
QEDS GDDS Data Tables:
The QEDS GDDS database, jointly developed by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, are in-line with the classifications and definitions of the 2013 External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users (2013 EDS Guide) and Sixth Edition of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6). The benefit of bringing together comparable external debt data is to facilitate macroeconomic analysis and cross-country data comparison.
| Table 1 | Gross External Debt Position: Public Sector Debt, Publicly-Guaranteed Private Sector Debt, and Private Sector Debt Not Publicly Guaranteed | |
| Table 2 | Debt-Service Payment Schedule: Public and Publicly-Guaranteed Private Sector External Debt as of End-Period | Excel |
| Table 3 | Public and Publicly-Guaranteed Private Sector External Debt: by Creditor Sector | |
| Table 4 | Public Sector Debt and Publicly-Guaranteed Private Sector Debt: by Instrument Breakdown | |
| Table 5 | Public and Publicly-Guaranteed Private Sector External Debt: Foreign Currency and Domestic Currency Denominated Debt | |
| Table 6 | Gross External Debt Position: by Sector (SDDS prescribed component) |
The QEDS GDDS database, jointly developed by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, are in-line with the classifications and definitions of the 2013 External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users (2013 EDS Guide) and Sixth Edition of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6). The benefit of bringing together comparable external debt data is to facilitate macroeconomic analysis and cross-country data comparison.
| Table C1 | Public and Publicly-Guaranteed External Debt Position |
| Table C2 | Gross External Debt Position by Sector |
| Table C3 | Public and Publicly-Guaranteed External Debt by Maturity |
| Table C4 | Public and Publicly-Guaranteed External Debt by Creditor Sector |
| Table C5 | Public and Publicly-Guaranteed External Debt by Type of Instrument |
QEDS metadata as provided to the World Bank by the respective country. Please note that metadata is not available at this time for countries that are underlined.
| Albania | Algeria | Antigua and Barbuda | Burkina Faso |
| Bangladesh | Bahamas, The | Belize | Bolivia |
| Central African Republic | Cote dIvoire | Cambodia | Cameroon |
| Djibouti | Dominica | Dominican Republic | Ethiopia |
| Fiji | Gabon | Ghana | Guatemala |
| Honduras | Jamaica | Kenya | Kiribati |
| Kosovo | Lebanon | Liberia | St. Lucia |
| Madagascar | Montenegro | Mongolia | Nigeria |
| Nicaragua | Nepal | Pakistan | Panama |
| Palau | Papua New Guinea | Paraguay | Rwanda |
| Solomon Islands | Sierra Leone | Suriname | Tajikistan |
| Tanzania | Tonga | Trinidad and Tobago | Uganda |
| Yemen | Zambia |
Cross Country QEDS metadata for selected metadata types as provided to the World Bank by the respective country.
The World Bank In Yemen
Yemen has been embroiled in conflict since early 2015. For years the poorest country in MENA, it is now also suffering the worst humanitarian crisis in the world. Fighting has devastated its economy—leading to food insecurity verging on famine—and destroyed critical infrastructure.
Supporting Human Capital In Yemen
US$150 million in grants for the second phase of the Yemen Emergency Human Capital Project.
Boosting Access to Affordable Solar Energy in Yemen
Yemenis suffered from severe energy poverty, especially people living in rural areas.
New Country Engagement Note for Yemen
To Support the People of Yemen and Preserve the Institutions that Serve Them.
Yemen At-A-Glance
The World Bank Group’s priorities are preserving institutional capacity, improving the resilience of service delivery, and providing support to conflict-affected poor and vulnerable Yemenis. Its strategy also aims to encourage immediate economic growth by creating temporary jobs and supporting the private sector.
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Data Programs. Improving Statistical Capacity; International Comparison Program & Purchasing Power Parity; International Household Survey Network (IHSN) Joint External Debt Hub; Open Data Toolkit; Quarterly External Debt Statistics; Trust Fund for Statistical Capacity Building; Products. World Development Indicators; International Debt Statistics
DataBank | The World Bank
Explore. Create. Share: Development Data. DataBank is an analysis and visualisation tool that contains collections of time series data on a variety of topics. You can create your own queries; generate tables, charts, and maps; and easily save, embed, and share them. Enjoy using DataBank and let us know what you think! FAQs; Feedback
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Open Data Catalog. Provides a listing of available World Bank datasets, including databases, pre-formatted tables, reports, and other resources.
The World Bank In United States
As the World Bank Group’s largest shareholder, the United States has a long history of supporting the Bank Group’s mission and addressing development challenges of vital importance through its support of Bank Group programs.
Overview
The United States was a leading force in the establishment of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) in 1944 and remains the largest shareholder of the World Bank Group today. As the only World Bank Group shareholder that retains veto power over certain changes in the Bank’s structure, the United States plays a unique role in influencing and shaping global development priorities.
Through the World Bank Group, the United States participates in addressing vital international development challenges. The United States has a long history of generously supporting the World Bank Group’s mission and has been a champion of the International Development Association (IDA), which provides low interest loans and grants to the world’s poorest countries.
Last Updated: Dec 15, 2021
The World Bank Group is the biggest financier of basic health, education, infrastructure, environmental, governance, and anti-corruption programs in the developing world. World Bank programs help save and improve lives by expanding opportunities for the poor and promoting economic growth, which fosters global stability and peace.
Key U.S. priorities at the Bank include the multilateral health and economic response to COVID-19; debt sustainability and transparency; using information and communication technologies for economic growth and empowerment while ensuring that they are not susceptible to malicious actors; promoting governance and fighting corruption, which is one of the greatest obstacles to economic and social development; confronting borderless threats, such as combating disease; ending energy poverty by creating access to affordable and secure energy sources; and supporting a strong emphasis on accountability, transparency, and development impact.
Among the trust funds supported:
Last Updated: Dec 01, 2020
Traditionally, the World Bank President has always been been a U.S. citizen nominated by the United States.
Governor
The U.S. Secretary of the Treasury is the United States’ governor for the World Bank. The governor is responsible for the management of the United States’ interests in the institution, exercising influence by keeping an open line of communication with the president of the World Bank and meeting with fellow governors at the annual and spring meetings of the Board of Governors and of the Development Committee.
Executive Director
The governor delegates day-to-day handling of the United States’ diverse interests at the Bank to the Executive Director for the United States, who is nominated by the President of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. As an official of the World Bank Group, the U.S. Executive Director has a duty to support the mission of the institution, as well as to represent the interests of the United States.
The Board of Executive directors, who reside in Washington, D.C., meet regularly throughout the year (normally at least twice a week) to review and act on lending operations, new policy directions, and financial matters. In keeping with the World Bank Group’s access to information policy, the monthly Board Calendar is available to the public.
The Executive Director is supported by an Alternate Executive Director and a team of advisors representing different U.S. government agencies including the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and the U.S. Department of Commerce.
In order to deepen public understanding in the United States of the World Bank Group’s work and to ensure that American concerns are reflected in the Bank Group’s policy discussions, the Office of the U.S. Executive Director and the World Bank Group’s Multilateral and International Affairs team meet regularly with nationally-based constituencies in the United States, including government officials, Members of Congress, and staff, as well as civil society organizations.
Shares and Voting Power
The World Bank Group has a weighted system of voting. All members of the Bank receive votes consisting of share votes (one vote for each share of the Bank’s capital stock held by the member) plus basic votes (calculated so that the sum of all basic votes is equal to 5.55% of the sum of basic votes and share votes for all members). The voting power distribution differs from agency to agency within the World Bank Group.
For the latest voting status, please visit the Voting Powers page.
The World Bank In Denmark
Denmark supports international efforts to promote human and economic development, reduce poverty, and boost shared prosperity around the world.
Overview
Denmark became a member of the International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development — the World Bank — on March 30, 1946. It was among the first countries to get a loan to help rebuild its economy after the Second World War. Today, Denmark is a member of the five institutions that form the World Bank Group. Denmark and the World Bank work with other member governments to finance projects, design policies, and deliver programs to end poverty in the developing world.
The Nordic desk at the World Bank Paris office works
to promote consensus around the international development agenda and build a platform for collaboration between the World Bank Group and Denmark. It does this by promoting better understanding of the World Bank Group’s mission and activities and by building relationships with key stakeholders such as government, legislators, civil society organizations, the private sector, academia, and the media.
It also supports outreach activities, often in collaboration with Danish partners, such as organizing and supporting conferences, seminars, and other events on development-related topics. The office serves as an entry point for groups in Denmark wishing to contact World Bank staff across the world or access the plethora of information the Bank publishes, and it responds to media queries. It also seeks to increase opportunities for collaboration between Denmark and the World Bank Group through co-financing, trust funds, and joint analytical work in sectors and regions of mutual interest.
World Bank Governor
Minister for Development Cooperation, H.E. Flemming Møller Mortensen, represents Denmark on the World Bank Board of Governors, the Bank’s senior decision-making body. The Governors, usually Ministers of Finance or Development, meet twice a year. They have the power to admit and suspend members of the World Bank Group, increase or decrease the authorized capital stock, determine the distribution of the net income of the Bank, and decide on the World Bank Group’s overall strategic direction. Non-political State Secretary for Development Policy, Ms. Lotte Machon, serves as Denmark’s Alternate Governor.
World Bank Executive Director
The Governor Delegates responsibility for overseeing the day-to-day business of Denmark’s interests at the Bank to the Executive Director (ED) for Denmark. EDs reside in Washington and normally meet twice a week to decide on borrowing and financial questions, projects, and policies that impact World Bank Group general operations. Denmark’s representation on the boards of IBRD, IFC and MIGA is shared with Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, and Sweden. Lene Lind (Norway) is the ED representing the Nordic-Baltic constituency on the 25-member World Bank Board of Executive Directors, and Joergen Frotzler (Sweden) is the Alternate Executive Director.
Shares and Voting Power
The World Bank Group has a weighted system of voting. All members of the Bank receive votes consisting of share votes (one vote for each share of the Bank’s capital stock held by the member) plus basic votes (calculated so that the sum of all basic votes is equal to 5.55% of the sum of basic votes and share votes for all members). The voting power distribution differs from agency to agency within the World Bank Group.
For the latest voting status, please visit the Voting Powers page.
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Note: As of January 1, 2021, the World Bank has modified its practices with respect to the “Grounds” column of both Table 1 (“Debarred & Cross-Debarred Firms and Individuals”) and Table 2 (“Other Sanctions”). All entries posted after January 1, 2021 will state, in the “Grounds” column, the sanctionable practice for which the firm or individual has been sanctioned. The “Grounds” column will also designate whether the firm or individual is a controlled affiliate, controlling affiliate, or successor/assign of a sanctioned entity. Cross-debarred firms and individuals will continue to be identified in the “Grounds” column.
Such sanction was imposed as the result of:
(1) an administrative process conducted by the Bank that permitted the accused firms and individuals to respond to the allegations. Through July 2007, this process was conducted in accordance with the Sanctions Committee Procedures adopted on August 2, 2001. The process is currently conducted in accordance with Bank Procedure: Sanctions Proceedings and Settlements in Bank Financed Projects. For more information on the two-tier sanctions process go to Sanctions Management webpage.
(2) cross-debarment in accordance with the Agreement for Mutual Enforcement of Debarment Decisions dated 9 April 2010, which, as of July 1, 2011, has been made effective by the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Inter-American Development Bank, and African Development Bank.
Click here to see additional notes on debarred firms and individuals and here to see an explanatory note on the application of cross-debarment.
The Bank may also apply other actions to firms and individuals that do not result in debarment. For the current list, see Table 2: Other Sanctions which is located further down this page.
To report allegations of fraud and corruption in Bank-financed projects, please contact the Integrity Vice Presidency.
Note: To obtain the best results when performing a search, it is advised that only a portion of the firm/individual name be entered. This allows for the greatest chance of seeing all sanctioned entities with names close to or exactly as those being searched. For example, to search for:
C.V. ABCD, enter ABCD;
ABCD Engineers SRL, enter ABCD or ABCD Engineers; or
ABCD Royal Consulting Co., enter ABCD, or ABCD Royal, or Royal Consulting
Please also avoid accentuated characters and generic terms such as: Ltd.; Limited; Corp.; etc.
Firms and Individuals on the list may have an (*) and number associated with them. Please refer to this Notes on Debarred Firms and Individuals PDF to see the details.
a) all projects subject to the May 2010 or later dated revisions to the Procurement Guidelines and Consultant Guidelines; and
b) to all projects subject to earlier editions of the Procurement Guidelines and Consultant Guidelines for which the legal agreements have been amended to give effect to the cross-debarment regime, with the exception of projects in the following countries for which such amendments have not taken effect:
Table 2: Other Sanctions
Name of Firm & Address
Date of Imposition of Sanction
Al-Zubairi Group for General Trading, Contracting, Transportation, and Oil Services*51
Hadda Street, Sana’a
Republic of Yemen
December 29, 2021 – December 28, 2022
China 1ST Metallurgical Construction (M) SDN. BHD. (Reg. No.: 0070174)*47
Unit A-09-01, Garden Shoppe, One City,Jalan USJ 25/1F, UEP Subang Jaya 47650,Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
China First Metallurgical Construction India Pvt. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 824054-K)*47
Flat No. B/1302,13th floor, Bhoomi Paradise Sector-11, Sanpada(E)Navi Mumbai Maharashtra, India
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
China First Metallurgical Group Co., Ltd. (Reg. No.: 914201001777275556)*47
CFMCC Building, No.3, Gongye Avenue, Qingshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Drilling and Water Supply Sewerage Construction JSC (VIWASEEN.11)*39
No.10 Pho Quang, Ward No. 2, Tan Binh Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Egis India Consulting Engineers Private Limited *41
Procurement Guidelines, 1.16 (a)(ii)
EGIS RMSI JV *41
12/6, Saffron Square, Delhi Mathura Road, Faridabad, 121003, India
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
EINTL AARVEE EI JV *41
T-305, TF, Tirupati Plaza, Sector – XI, (MLU) Pkt – 4, Plot No. 11, Dwarka, Delhi, 110075, India
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
T-305, TF, Tirupati Plaza, Sector – XI, (MLU) Pkt – 4, Plot No. 11, Dwarka, Delhi, 110075, India
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Ezhou Yiye Construction Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420700MA4929UP3Q)*47
23rd Floor, No. 3 Building, Taifu Square, Natural Gas Network Management Center, No. 61, Binhu East Road, E’zhou, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Fang Chenggang MCC Xinggang Real Estate Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 914506006927587945)*47
No. 17, MCC Xinggang Mansion, No. 276, North Bay Avenue, Gangkou District, Fangchenggang, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Fang Chenggang Zhongyi Heavy Industry Co Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91450600680138221T)*47
B Zone, Gongche Industrial Park, Gangkou District, Fangchenggang, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Hunan Yifu Real Estate Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 914303006663362723)*47
No. 23, Jinjia Group, Hongqi Village, Changcheng Country, Yuhu District, Xiangtan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
MCC Real Estate(Huangshi) Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420200676467866A)*47
No. 41, Cihu Road, Huangshi Port District, Huangshi, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
MCC Real Estate(Wuhan) Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420107177746617B)*47
No. 26 Building, Yejian Garden, No. 122 Street, Youyi Avenue, Qingshan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
MCC Refractory Material Inspection Center (Reg. No.: 91420107792417532R)*47
No. 18 Building, No. 80, Yejin Avenue, Qingshan District, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
MCC Ruba International Construction Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 00000017807/20070302)*47
87Y, street 18,phase 3, DHA Lahore, Pakistan
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
MCC Wuhan Metallurgical Architecture Research Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 914201077257817645)*47
5th-9th Floor, No. 44 Building, Badajia Garden, No. 38 Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Sanctions Procedures, Section 9.04(a)
PETROWACO Property Joint Stock Company*39
No. 52 Quoc Tu Giam, Van Mieu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
January 1999 Procurement Guidelines, para. 1.15(a)(ii)
PT.CHINA FIRST METALLURGICAL INDONESIA (Reg. No.: 9120300730691)*47
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
PVOIL-Phu Tho Joint Stock Company*39
148, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Shanghai Jiaxuan Real Estate Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91310114MA1GUDR98U)*47
Room 305, 3rd Floor, Building No. 1, No. 6988, Jiasong North Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Shanghai MCC Fengjun Real Estate Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91310116561925476X)*47
Room 1216, No. 3, No. 65 Lane, Huandong No. 1 Road, Fengjing Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Shenzhen Yiye Property Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91440300568503882K)*47
No. 12-2, 12th Floor, Building A, CFMCC Southern Mansion, Luofang Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Shenzhen Yiye Southern Industrial Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91440300192204429F)*47
12th Floor, Building A, CFMCC Southern Mansion, Luofang Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Suoi Dau Water Supply, Drainage Investment and Construction JSC*39
4th floor, 58 Yersin, Phuong Sai ward, Nha Trang ward, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Techonology Services Joint Stock Company (TSC) *39
3rd floor, Thanh Binh building, N07, B2, Thanh Thai road, Cau giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Tianjin Yiye Construction Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91120110786383276W)*47
No. 2, Wuxia Avenue, Dongli District, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Truong An-VIWASEEN Investment and Construction JSC*39
Nr. 66,Nui Truc, Giang Van Minh, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Vietnam Water and Environment Investment Corporation – JSC*39
52 Quoc Tu Giam, Van Mieu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Procurement Guidelines, 1.16(a)(ii)
VIWASEEN Manpower Supply, Commercial and Tourism JSC VIWASEEN (VIWASEEN.TMC)*39
No. 52 Quoc Tu Giam, Van Mieu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
VIWASEEN3 Joint Stock Company*39
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
VIWASEEN6 Joint Stock Company*39
No. 52 Quoc Tu Giam, Van Mieu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi,V ietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
VIWASEEN-Phuong Huong Environment Investment and Development JSC*39
Km9, Chu Se district, Gia Lai Province, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
VIWASEEN’s Infrastructure Construction Investment Joint Stock Company (VIWASEEN.7)*39
Tan Son, Hoa Son, Luong Son, Hoa Binh, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Water Equipment Manufacturing, Construction and Installation JSC (VIWASEEN.14)*39
Nr. 16, 17 Binh Duong street, Long Binh Tan, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Water Supply and Sewerage Construction JSC No. 1 (VIWASEEN.1)*39
No. 56 Alley 85, Ha Dinh Str., Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Water Supply and Sewerage Construction JSC No. 12 (VIWASEEN.12)*39
Lot BT15, Nr. 18,19 Phuoc Long Urban Area, Phuoc Long. Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Water Supply and Sewerage Construction JSC No. 15 (VIWASEEN.15)*39
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Water Supply Sewerage Construction and Investment Joint Stock Company (WASECO)*39
No.10 Pho Quang, Ward No. 2, Tan Binh Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Water Supply, Sewerage and Mechanical Construction JSC (VIWASEEN.2)*39
No. 56 Alley 85, Ha Dinh Str., Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Water, Electric and Mechanical Installation and Construction JSC (VIWASEEN.4)*39
March 26, 2020 – September 26, 2022
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Wuhan MCC Infrastructure Investment Construction Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 9142010059793581XD)*47
Room 1707, No. 44 Building, No. 38 Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Wuhan Yiye Architecture Installation Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 914201077145695494)*47
No. 36 Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Wuhan Yiye Steel Structure Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420117758177969C)*47
Yangluo Development Zone Industrial Park, Xinzhou District, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Wuhan Zhongyi Communication Construction Engineering Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420100688827937L)*47
Room 1501, No. 44 Building, No. 38 Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Xiangyang Yiye Real Estate Investment Construction Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420600090593638E)*47
No. 7, Xinhua Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Xiaogan MCC Construction Engineering Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420900MA491T410K)*47
No. 7, Fuchong Road, Xiaogan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Yiye Construction Investment (Guangdong) Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91440300MA5G6Y92X0)*47
2nd Floor, Building No. 2, Yineng New Hi-tech Industrial Park, Chuangfu Road, Efu Town,Shenshan SCZ, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Yiye Construction Investment (Wuhan) Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91420100MA49MU1D7D)*47
A2020-19, 2nd Floor, China Optical Valley Science and Technology Exhibition Center, No. 787, Gaoxin Avenue, Donghu New Hi-tech Development Zone of Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Yuxi Yiye Construction Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.:91530402MA6L09MP6H)*47
Huangguan Society Neighborhood Committee, Yudai Street, Hongta District, Yuxi, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Zhongshan Sanshun Environmental Regularization Project Management Co. Ltd. (Reg. No.: 91442000MA54PRF05F)*47
Room 201, Chengjian Building, Lizhi Road, Dayong Town, Zhongshan, People’s Republic of China
April 20, 2021 – April 19, 2024
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
YOOSHIN ENGINEERING CORPORATION *48
8 YEOKSAM-RO 4-GIL, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 06252, Republic of Korea
July 30, 2021 – December 29, 2022
TECHNO BRAIN GLOBAL FZ-LLC*49
P.O. BOX 40097, RAKEZ, RAS AL KHAIMAH, United Arab Emirates
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
2016 Procurement Regulations, sub-paragraph 2.2 a(ii)(iii) of Annex IV
TECHNO BRAIN TANZANIA*49
P.O. BOX – 10295, PLOT NO. 1380/208, BIBI TITI MOHAMED ROAD, DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN LIMITED; MALAWI*49
P.O. BOX – 2625, HAYAAT BUILDING OFF KAMUZU PROCESSION ROAD, LILONGWE, Malawi
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN (U) LIMITED, UGANDA*49
4TH FLOOR, COLVILLE STREET, STATISTICS HOUSE, P.O. BOX 33339, KAMPALA, Uganda
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN (MAURITIUS) LIMITED*49
6TH FLOOR, TOWER A, 1 CYBERCITY, EBENE, Mauritius
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN ZAMBIA LIMITED*49
PLOT 6033 GREAT EAST ROAD, NORTH MEAD, LUSAKA, P.O. BOX NO – NM 96, Zambia
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN SWAZILAND (PTY) LIMITED*49
P.O. BOX – 9530, MBABANE, ESWATINI, H100, Eswatini
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN GHANA LIMITED*49
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN RWANDA LIMITED*49
P.O. BOX – 3952, UMUJYI WA KIGALI, GASABO, KIMIHURURA, KIGALI, Rwanda
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN SA (PTY) LIMITED, SOUTH AFRICA*49
ETG HOUSE, 62 WIERDA ROAD EAST, P.O. BOX – 78637, SANDTON, GAUTENG 2146, South Africa
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN NIGERIA IT SOLUTIONS LTD*49
115, PALM AVENUE, MUSHIN, P.O. BOX – 9024, LAGOS, Nigeria
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN IT SOLUTIONS PLC – ETHIOPIA*49
KIRKOS, KEBELE – 04, HOUSE NO. 183, P.O. BOX – 2986 CODE 1250, ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN MOZAMBIQUE LIMITED*49
AVENUE DA OUA, NO 1095, MAPUTO CIDADE, Mozambique
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN NAMIBIA (PTY) LTD*49
PRIVATE BAG 12012, AUSSPANNPLATZ, WINDHOEK, Namibia
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED*49
2-293/82/712/A, 2ND, 3RD FLOORS, NBK BUILDING, ROAD NO 36, JUBILEE HILLS, HYDERABAD – 500033, TELANGANA-TG, India
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN USA, LLC*49
1, INNOVATION WAY, DELAWARE TECHNOLOGY PARK, NEWARK,, NEWARK, DE, 19711, United States
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN EUROPE LIMITED*49
FIRS HOUSE, FIRS ROAD, KENLEY, SURREY, CR8 5LD, United Kingdom
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN INTERNATIONAL (PTY) LIMITED, SOUTH AFRICA*49
ETG HOUSE, 62 WIERDA ROAD EAST, P.O. BOX – 78637, SANDTON, GAUTENG 2146, South Africa
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN BURUNDI SPRL*49
25, AVENUE DES ETATS UNIS, KIGOBE, GIHOSHA, BUJUMBURA-MAIRIE, Burundi
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN SHARED SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED*49
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN INFORMATICS PRIVATE LIMITED*49
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN BPO ITES LIMITED, KENYA*49
PLOT L.R. NO. 209/8523, NAIROBI 510 P.O. BOX – 00100, Kenya
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
TECHNO BRAIN BPO ITES (U) LIMITED, UGANDA*49
4TH FLOOR, COLVILLE STREET, STATISTICS HOUSE, P.O. BOX 12439, KAMPALA, Uganda
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
INFO DJITAL LIMITED*49
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
KWIKBASKET SOLUTIONS LIMITED*49
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
DJITAL TECHNOLOGIES FZ-LLC*49
JT010082, SERVICE BLOCK, AL JAZIRAH AL HAMRA, RAKEZ BUSINESS ZONE-FZ,, RAS AL KHAIMAH, United Arab Emirates
August 8, 2021 to February 7, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Bouygues Bâtiment International (Reg. No.: 407 986 074 RCS Versailles)*52
1 avenue Eugène Freyssinet 78280 Guyancourt France
January 4, 2022 – January 3, 2023
1 avenue Eugène Freyssinet 78280 Guyancourt France
January 4, 2022 – January 3, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Tetra Tech International Development B.V. (Reg. No.: 68702132)*53
Jan Luijkenstraat 92-C, 1071 CT Amsterdam, Netherlands
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Tetra Tech International Development Projects Limited (England) (Reg. No.: 03195423)*53
1 Northfield Road, Reading, Berkshire, RG1 8AH, UK
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG Projects Uganda Limited (Reg. No.: 152501)*53
Plot 96B Old Kira Road, Kampala, Uganda
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Delta Partnership Solutions Limited (England) (Reg. No.: 04046958)*53
3 Sovereign Square, Sovereign Street, Leeds, LS1 4ER, UK
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Arndale 22 Limited (England) (Reg. No.: 08514303)*53
3 Sovereign Square, Sovereign Street, Leeds, LS1 4ER, UK
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Management Consulting Group Limited (England) (Reg. No.: 03462585)*53
3 Sovereign Square, Sovereign Street, Leeds, LS1 4ER, UK
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
International Management Consultants Limited (England) (Reg. No.: 01761585)*53
3 Sovereign Square, Sovereign Street, Leeds, LS1 4ER, UK
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG Projects Nigeria Limited (Reg. No.: RC1158284)*53
12 Usuma Street, Maitama, Abuja, Nigeria
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG Zimbabwe (Private) Limited (Reg. No.: 6918/2015)*53
No registered office – never traded
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG Advisory Services (PTY) Limited (South Africa) (Reg. No.: 2010/023419/07)*53
Ground Floor, Block G, Hatfield Gardens, 333 Grosvenor Street, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG Kenya Limited (Kenya) (Reg. No.: CPR/2014/149248)*53
Fourth Floor, Prosperity House, Westlands Road, PO Box 19084 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG East Africa Limited (Kenya) (Reg. No.: CPR/2014/127713)*53
Fourth Floor, Prosperity House, Westlands Road, PO Box 19084 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Africa Infrastructure Technical Services Pty (South Africa) (Reg. No.: 2015/287992/07)*53
Ground Floor, Block G, Hatfield Gardens, 333 Grosvenor Street, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG International Consulting SRL (Romania) (Reg. No.: 14807958)*53
61 Buzesti Str, Ent. A, Fl. 1, Ap. 5, Sector 1, Bucharest, Romania
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
WYG Bulgaria EOOD (Reg. No.: 131100811)*53
Klokotnitsa Str. 35-37, entr. V, 6th floor, ap. 47, 1233 Sofia, Bulgaria
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Upper Quartile LLP (Scotland) (Reg. No.: SO301345)*53
Centrum Business Centre, 38 Queen Street, Glasgow, Scotland, G1 3DX
March 1, 2022 – May 31, 2023
Controlled Affiliate of a Sanctioned Entity
Voith Hydro Holding GmbH & Co. KG (Reg. No. HRA 661051) *54
St. Pöltener Straße 43, 89522 Heidenheim, Germany
April 12, 2022 – January 11, 2024
Sanctions Procedures, Section 9.04b
Companhia Brasileira de Projetos e Empreendimentos (“COBRAPE”) (Reg. No.: 58.645.219/0001-28) *55
May 29, 2022 – December 28, 2022
*39 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. Vietnam Water and Environment Investment Corporation – JSC («VIWASEEN») was subject to an eighteen-month conditional non-debarment, now with an extension.
This sanction extends to any Affiliates VIWASEEN directly or indirectly controls.*41 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. Egis India Consulting Engineers Private Limited was subject to a 24-month conditional non-debarment. This sanction extends to any Affiliates they directly or indirectly controls.
*47 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. China First Metallurgical Group Co., Ltd. is subject to a three-year conditional non-debarment. This sanction extends to any Affiliates it directly or indirectly controls.
*48 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. Yooshin Engineering Corporation is subject to an one-year-five-month conditional non-debarment. This sanction extends to any Affiliates it directly or indirectly controls.
*49 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. Techno Brain Global FZ-LLC (“Techno Brain Global”) is debarred for a minimum period of ineligibility of 10 months, followed by a minimum period of 18 months of conditional non-debarment. At the end of its period of sanction, Techno Brain Global may be released from debarment provided that it has complied with the following conditions: (a) it has met the corporate compliance conditions to the satisfaction of the Bank’s Integrity Compliance Officer; (b) it has fully cooperated with the WBG; and (c) it has otherwise complied fully with the terms and conditions of the Settlement Agreement.
*51 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. Al-Zubairi Group for General Trading, Contracting, Transportation, and Oil Services is subject to an one-year conditional non-debarment. This sanction extends to any Affiliates it directly or indirectly controls.
*53 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. Tetra Tech International Development B.V. was subject to a fifteen-month conditional non-debarment. This sanction extends to any Affiliates Tetra Tech International Development B.V. directly or indirectly controls.
*54 This sanction is the result of a Settlement Agreement. Voith Hydro Holding GmbH & Co. KG (“VHZ”) is subject to a one-year-nine-month conditional non-debarment. At the end of this period, VHZ may be released from conditional non-debarment provided that it has complied with the following conditions: (a) it has met integrity compliance conditions to the satisfaction of the World Bank Group’s Integrity Compliance Officer; (b) it has fully cooperated with the World Bank Group; (c) it has complied with the financial remedy condition of the Settlement Agreement; and (d) it has otherwise complied fully with the terms and conditions of the Settlement Agreement. If VHZ fails to meet these conditions by the end of the period of sanction, its conditional non-debarment will automatically convert into a debarment with conditional release until the conditions are met.
Click here for the full text of the Sanctions Committee Procedures.
The World Bank in Tanzania
The World Bank supports Tanzania’s growth through policy analysis, grants, and credits, with a focus on infrastructure and the private sector.
Overview
Following two decades of sustained growth, Tanzania reached an important milestone in July 2020, when it formally graduated from low-income country to lower-middle-income country status. Tanzania’s achievement reflects sustained macroeconomic stability that has supported growth, in addition to the country’s rich natural endowments and strategic geographic position.
Political Context
President Samia Suluhu Hassan was sworn in on March 19, 2021, as the United Republic of Tanzania’s sixth, and first woman, president, following the death of President John Magufuli on March 17, 2021. President Hassan was the Vice President of the Fifth-Phase Government from October 2015. The new Sixth Phase administration has adjusted its policies and programs to reflect an evolving social and economic context, but the broad policy objectives remain guided by the Tanzania Development Vision 2025 and its supporting five-year development plans. The government is prioritizing implementation of a new strategy to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, and in July 2021 it started implementing the COVID-19 National Vaccine Deployment Plan. Since the launch of the vaccination program in August 2021, through December 27, 2021, only 2,431,769 vaccine doses had been administered—a slow pace by global standards. The government also resumed reporting COVID-19 data to the World Health Organization. Enhancing accountability within the civil service continues to be a focus. The government is also proactively engaging with multilateral and bilateral partners in the region and worldwide; and it has reaffirmed the private sector as the engine of economic growth by addressing major constraints on private investment.
Economic Overview
Economic activity in Tanzania gradually recovering in the third quarter of 2021, with the surge mainly driven by the hospitality, mining, and electricity sectors. Leading indicators such as cement production, electricity generation, private-sector credit, goods and services exports, nonfuel goods imports, telecommunications, mobility, and tourist arrivals all improved in 2021, though activity in most sectors remains below pre-pandemic levels. Based on preliminary findings from recent telephone surveys, there are positive signs with employment among heads of households returning to its January 2020 levels in mid-2021. The World Bank estimates a real GDP growth rate of 4.3 percent and a GDP per capita growth rate of 1.3 percent in 2021, following a 1.0 percent per capita GDP contraction in 2020. Meanwhile, the national poverty rate is estimated to have declined marginally from 27.1 percent in 2020 to 27.0 percent in 2021, driven by the recovery of employment and nonfarm business revenue.
Official GDP data for Zanzibar shows expansion during the first half of 2021 but with uneven growth rates across sectors. The services sector, accounting for nearly 50 percent of Zanzibar’s GDP, expanded by 9.4 percent in the first half of 2021, while the agriculture sector expanded more slowly at 7.1 percent, and the industrial sector contracted by 8.7 percent. An estimated 60,000 jobs are directly or indirectly linked to Zanzibar’s tourism sector. Between January and September 2021, the number of tourist arrivals increased to 252,937, albeit still well below the 376,732 recorded during the same period in 2019. Nevertheless, rising tourist arrivals supported the growth of accommodation and food service, while public administration also contributed to the expansion of services.
Although exports have increased, Tanzania’s current-account deficit widened slightly, reaching 2.0 percent of GDP at end-September 2021, as import growth more than offset export growth. Services and manufacturing exports to East African Community member states significantly, but the implementation of capital projects spurred a sharp rise in imports of oil and capital goods. The current-account deficit was funded largely by external loans and foreign direct investment. The Tanzanian shilling (TZS) remained relatively stable against the currencies of major trading partners in 2021. The authorities have continued to implement an expansionary monetary policy, but the growth rate of credit to the private sector remained relatively low at 5.6 percent in October 2021. Tanzania’s inflation rate rose to 4.1 percent in November 2021, its highest level in the past three years, but it remains among the lowest and least volatile in the EAC.
The latest joint IMF-World Bank Debt Sustainability Analysis, conducted in September 2021, concluded that Tanzania’s risk of external debt distress had increased from low to moderate. The downgrade primarily reflected the collapse of tourism exports during the COVID-19 pandemic in a context of increased non-concessional borrowing and rising debt service.
Growth is expected to strengthen over the next two years, assuming pandemic conditions ease and the external environment improves. The real GDP growth rate is projected to reach 4.5–5.5 percent in 2022 and average about 6 percent over the medium term as exports and domestic demand recover. Risks to Tanzania’s economic outlook have moderated, but the recovery continues to hinge on external developments and domestic health policies, as well as continued support to the private sector. The evolution of the pandemic and the pace of vaccination, both globally and domestically, will be the most crucial factors driving Tanzania’s outlook. An accelerated domestic vaccination program; increased regional trade and cooperation; and policy reforms designed to improve the business environment and support the growth of the private sector have somewhat mitigated downside risks.
Social Context
In 2021, the national poverty rate is estimated to have declined marginally from 27.1 percent in 2020 to 27.0 percent in 2021, driven by the recovery of employment and nonfarm business revenue.
Tanzania has experienced over 20 years of sustained economic growth, culminating in its transition from low-income to lower-middle-income status in July 2020. Between 2007 and 2018, the national poverty rate fell from 34.4 to 26.4 percent, while the extreme poverty rate dropped from 12 to 8 percent.
Tanzania’s sustained progress in expanding women’s economic opportunities has contributed to its recent success in growth and poverty reduction. The female labor-force participation rate rose from 67 percent in 2000 to 80 percent in 2019, well above the average of 63 percent for Sub-Saharan Africa, and among the highest on the continent. Moreover, a large share of Tanzanian women are now salaried workers, and the ratio of women to men in jobs paying wages and salaries rose from 0.35 in 2000 to 0.64 in 2019. Meanwhile, the share of women engaged in unpaid agricultural work fell from 78 percent in 2004-05 to 64 percent in 2015-16.
Despite these impressive gains, several factors continue to hinder the ability of Tanzanian women to realize their full economic potential and the country stands to make strong economic gains by addressing them urgently.
Urban poverty rates are significantly higher among female-headed households (20.3 percent) than among male-headed households (14 percent), and the share of employed women dropped from 79 percent in 2004-05 to 72 percent in 2015-16. Women are much more likely than men to be engaged in unpaid labor, and women with wage jobs tend to earn less than their male counterparts. Tanzania’s average fertility rate is high at 4.8 children per adult woman, and elevated fertility rates—including high rates of adolescent pregnancy—are correlated with decreased economic activity, lower levels of education, poverty, and diminished female agency.
Tanzania’s large and persistent gender gaps in agricultural productivity, wage rates, the business environment, access to land, home ownership and financial services continue to slow economic growth. About 25 percent of men are sole owners of land, versus just 8 percent of women, while about 7 percent of women are sole homeowners, compared to 26 percent of men. Tanzania’s rates of both landownership and homeownership are below the average for Sub-Saharan Africa, due largely to low rates among women. The gender gap in agricultural productivity is estimated at 20-30 percent, and a full 97 percent of the gap is explained by women’s diminished access to male family labor, while the remaining percent reflects lower levels of access to agricultural implements and pesticides. In 2017, 44 percent of men had a mobile-money account, versus just 33 percent of women. This is complicated by slowly improving women’s health and education outcomes and exacerbated by persistently high levels of fertility, more specifically adolescent fertility, which significantly limits women’s productivity and their contribution towards economic growth.
Bridging the gender gap in agricultural productivity in Tanzania could lift approximately 80,000 citizens out of poverty every year while increasing annual agricultural output by 2.7 percent and boosting annual gross domestic product growth by 0.86 percent. Eliminating the gender wage gap could have significant effects on household welfare.
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, female businesses were hurt more than male-owned businesses, with preliminary data from June-July of 2021, suggesting that 58 percent of male household members were working, compared to 42 percent of female household members.
In November 2021, the Government of Tanzania announced the removal of barriers to access to education, including those that have prevented pregnant girls or young mothers from attending formal school. This important decision underscores the country’s commitment to support girls and young women and improve their chances at receiving a better education. More than 120,000 girls drop out of school every year in Tanzania. 6,500 of them because they are pregnant or have children.
World bank statistics
Since its founding in 1944, the World Bank has provided financial and technical assistance to developing nations in an effort to promote «sustainable growth.» It is jointly owned by the 186 UN member nations and Kosovo.
http://www.worldbank.org
Commodity Markets Review
The World Bank monitors major commodity markets important to the developing countries. Monthly prices for over 70 series are published on the third U.S. business day of each month followed by a review of the main developments shortly thereafter. Price forecasts for the next 10 years are published on a quarterly basis. A comprehensive review of commodity markets is published twice a year in January and June, part of the World Bank’s economic outlook.
Major Commodity Markets Review Indicators
| Indicator | Period | Value | % CHG PREV |
| Agricultural Raw Materials Price Index | Jul 2022 | 79.27 | -6.22% |
| Agriculture Price Index | Jul 2022 | 119.32 | -7.44% |
| Energy Price Index | Jul 2022 | 168.58 | -1.25% |
| Food Price Index | Jul 2022 | 138.63 | -8.49% |
| Grains Price Index | Jul 2022 | 144.83 | -8.29% |
| Metals & Minerals Price Index | Jul 2022 | 100.15 | -13.44% |
World Development Indicators
The World Development Indicators Report is a collection of development indicators compiled from various international sources. This report presents the most current and accurate global data available.
The World Bank In Haiti
Haiti is extremely vulnerable to natural disasters with more than 90 percent of the population at risk. Hurricane Matthew battered the south of Haiti on October 4, 2016, which was the most devastating disaster since the 2010 earthquake.
Overview
Haiti’s economic and social development continues to be hindered by political instability, increasing violence, unprecedented level of insecurity, exacerbating fragility. Haiti remains the poorest country in the LAC region and among the poorest countries in the world. In 2021, Haiti had a GDP per capita of US$1,815, the lowest in the LAC region and less than a fifth of the LAC average of US$15,092. On the UN’s Human Development Index, Haiti ranked 170 out of 189 countries in 2020.
Although Haiti’s economy was contracting and facing significant fiscal imbalances before the COVID-19 pandemic, its impacts triggered an even greater economic downturn. In 2020, GDP contracted 3.3 percent and is estimated to have contracted by 1.8 in 2021.
Past marginal gains in poverty reduction have been undone by a succession of crises, including the COVID19 pandemic and the assassination of the President Jovenel Moïse, and natural hazard shocks, such as the August 2021 earthquake and tropical storm Grace. Latest estimates put the 2021 poverty rate, using a lower-middle income country poverty line of US$ 3.2, at 52.3 percent, up from 51 percent in 2020. Haiti is also among the countries with the greatest inequality in the region. This is largely due to two thirds of the poor living in rural areas and the adverse conditions for agricultural production, creating a welfare gap between urban and rural areas. The richest 20 percent of its population holds more than 64 percent of its total wealth, while the poorest 20 percent has less than one percent.
Haiti remains one the most vulnerable countries world-wide to natural hazards, mainly hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes. More than 96 percent of the population is exposed to these types of shocks. On August 14, 2021, an earthquake measuring magnitude 7.2 on the Richter scale, struck the southern region of Haiti, an area where approximately 1.6 million people live. The earthquake’s epicenter was recorded approximately 12 km north-east of Saint-Louis-du-Sud, about 125 km west of the capital Port-au-Prince.
The direct human toll of the earthquake resulted in 2,246 deaths, 12,763 injured and 329 missing in the three departments of the Southern Peninsula. In terms of infrastructure, 54,000 houses have been destroyed while 83,770 other buildings were damaged, including schools, health facilities and public buildings. At the government’s request, the World Bank worked with development partners to produce a post-disaster needs assessment to estimate the extent of the damage and to chart a path to recovery. The results of the assessment of the effects of the August 14, 2021, earthquake indicate a total of more than US$1.6 billion in damage and losses. The same region was impacted in 2016 by Hurricane Matthew, which caused losses and damages estimated at 32 percent of 2015 GDP, and the 2010 earthquake that killed approximately 250,000 people and decimated 120 percent of the country GDP. Climate change is expected to increase the frequency, intensity, and impacts of extreme weather events, and Haiti, while making some progress, still lacks adequate preparedness and resilience-building mechanisms.
On the human development front, Haiti has made significant progress in controlling cholera, with no laboratory-confirmed cases since 2019. Despite this progress, improvements in human capital have stalled and, in some cases, deteriorated since 2012. Infant and maternal mortality remain at high levels, and coverage of prevention measures are stagnating or declining, especially for the poorest households.
According to the Human Capital Index, a child born today in Haiti will grow up to be only 45 percent as productive as they could be if he or she had enjoyed full access to quality education and healthcare. Over one-fifth of children are at risk of cognitive and physical limitations, and only 78 percent of 15-year-olds will survive to age 60.
Last Updated: Jun 14, 2022
The World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Haiti was discussed by the Board of Directors in September 2015 and updated in 2018 through the Performance and Learning Review. It is designed to support the country’s efforts to provide economic opportunities for all its people and to combat poverty.
Remaining within the broad parameters of the Haiti CPF, the WBG program was adjusted in 2020 to support the Government of Haiti’s response to the COVID-19 crisis. These adjustments align with the four pillars of the WBG COVID-19 Crisis Response Approach Paper, “Saving Lives, Scaling-up Impact and Getting Back on Track,” which include: 1) saving lives; 2) protecting poor and vulnerable people; 3) ensuring sustainable business growth and job creation; and 4) strengthening policies, institutions, and investments for rebuilding better.
Since April 2020, the Bank has approved several operations and restructured ongoing projects to finance the health sector’s response to save lives, social protection measures and cash transfers to protect the poor and vulnerable, and initiatives to support food security and livelihoods. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) has provided emergency support to the private sector. For example, the IFC supported the garment sector to increase the production of personal protective equipment for the country’s COVID-19 response.
In the recovery phase, the Bank’s engagement will focus on strengthening policies, institutions, and investments for rebuilding better, with investment operations supporting SMEs, encouraging job creation in the private sector, resilient infrastructure, and digital connectivity.
August 2021 Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction
Following the earthquake on August 14, the Government of Haiti has underscored the critical importance of IDA’s assistance to effectively address the early recovery action, and medium and long-term earthquake response needs, which should support the recovery and strengthen the resilience to future disasters in the affected areas, mainly to support education, transportation, and food security.
World Bank Group Program
The World Bank’s portfolio in Haiti comprises 19 active projects for a total commitment amount of US$1,104 million as of April 2022. Of this amount, US$1,050 million comes from the International Development Association (IDA), complemented by US$54 million from trust funds that support the implementation of these projects.
During the fiscal year 2021/2022, the World Bank has increased its portfolio in Haiti of almost 40 percent. Eight new operations have been approved to improve the Haiti’s Human Capital, foster Inclusive growth, and strengthen the country’s Disaster Risk Management capacity.
Noteworthy, is the Additional Financing of 35 million to the Haiti COVID-19 Response Project to support the COVID 19 vaccination program and Government Prevention and Preparedness effort in case of future pandemic. More information about the multisectoral response to the COVID-19 crisis is available here. Going forward, the World Bank is also looking at additional initiatives to support the country’s efforts to strengthen economic recovery, resilience, and protecting the vulnerable.
The transport sector represents the largest segment of the World Bank portfolio, with 20% of the total financing, followed by the education sector at 16%, the urban, resilience and land sector with 15% of total financing and the agriculture and food sector at 11%. Other key areas include the health, nutrition and population sector and the social protection, water and finance, competitiveness, and innovation sectors, each with 7%. Remaining resources are earmarked for the governance, energy, and digital development sectors.
While supporting the private sector in mitigating the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic and paving the way for a strong recovery, the IFC program aims to increase financial inclusion, create jobs, and facilitate access to sustainable basic infrastructures by making catalytic investments. IFC also contributes to the development of a competitive and inclusive economy through technical assistance and advisory programs designed to make the business environment more attractive for investors and for micro, small, and medium enterprises.
IFC has offered several advisory programs in disaster and climate resilience clients in Haiti; these include the development of the insurance sector, building on public private partnerships (PPPs) and assistance to the private sector in developing business continuity plans and financial preparedness. IFC continues to support its clients to tap into opportunities in climate-smart agriculture, urban infrastructure, renewable energy, and sustainable finance, especially those that were affected by the August 2021 earthquake.
Last Updated: Jun 14, 2022
Education
Health
Water and Sanitation
Energy
Agriculture
Disaster Risk Management
Transport
Regional Development
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Digital development
World bank statistics
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Влияние либерализации сферы услуг на производительность отрасли, экспорт и развитие.
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Обусловленные денежные трансферты| Year | Month(s) |
| 2021 | January |
| 2019 | December |
| 2018 | December |
| 2017 | December |
| 2016 | December |
| 2015 | December |
| 2014 | December |
| 2013 | December |
| 2012 | December, October, September, July, May, April |
| 2011 | December, September, July, April |
| 2010 | December, July, February |
| 2009 | May |
| 2008 | December, April |
| 2007 | November, April |
| 2006 | December, April |
| 2005 | November, April |
For databases from 1989-2005, you can visit the WDI archive on DataBank.
How to Cite World Bank Data
This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Jennifer Mueller, JD. Jennifer Mueller is a wikiHow Content Creator. She specializes in reviewing, fact-checking, and evaluating wikiHow’s content to ensure thoroughness and accuracy. Jennifer holds a JD from Indiana University Maurer School of Law in 2006.
There are 7 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page.
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The World Bank’s global development data are freely available online to researchers. [1] X Research source If you’re writing a research paper, particularly for an economics or political science class, you may want to make use of these open data. Generally, the way you cite World Bank data isn’t much different from the way you would cite data from any other source. However, the format of your citation may vary depending on whether you’re using the Modern Language Association (MLA), American Psychological Association (APA), or Chicago Style citation method.
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MLA Works Cited Format:
World Bank. «Title of Page/Table.» World Development Indicators, The World Bank Group, Day-Month-Year of Publication, URL. Accessed Day-Month-Year.
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APA Reference List Format:
World Bank, World Development Indicators. (Year). Title of page in sentence case [Data file]. URL
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Chicago Style Bibliography Format:
World Bank. «Title of Page or Table.» The World Bank Group. Accessed Month Day, Year. URL.
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About This Article
The World’s Bank global development data can be useful to cite for an economics or political science paper. The format of the citation using the Modern Language Association’s (MLA) writing style is the same that you would use for data from any other source, with a few changes. Start by writing “World Bank” as the author or compiler, followed by a period. Then, provide the title for the page or table that you’re citing in quotation marks, such as “Income Per Capita.” Follow the title with the publication information, such as “World Development Indicators” in italics and followed by a comma. Add “The World Bank Group” in standard font, then the date of the publication in a day-month-year format. Finally, place a comma after the date and then include the full URL, without the “http” at the beginning, followed by a period. To learn how to cite World Bank data in Chicago and APA format, keep reading!
Источники:
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/debt-statistics/ids/region
- http://wits.worldbank.org/countrystats.aspx?lang=en
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/brief/inflation-database
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/statistical-performance-indicators
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/country-strategies
- http://russiancouncil.ru/library/stat/
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/debt-statistics/faq
- http://datatopics.worldbank.org/statisticalcapacity/
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/debt-statistics/methodology
- http://balancingeverything.com/banking-stats/
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mali/overview
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/debt-statistics/qeds/gdds
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/yemen
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/search?q=data¤tTab=1
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/unitedstates/overview
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/denmark/overview
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/procurement/debarred-firms
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/tanzania/overview
- http://ycharts.com/indicators/sources/world_bank
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/haiti/overview
- http://www5.worldbank.org/eca/russian/data/
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview
- http://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/debt-statistics/publications
- http://www.wikihow.com/Cite-World-Bank-Data