World health organization statistics

World Health Statistics 2022

20 May 2022 – Geneva: The World Health Organization has published its latest comprehensive set of World Health Statistics to 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic – which led to an estimated 4.5 million excess deaths in that year.

The statistics reveal the extent to which the pandemic has been affecting health systems worldwide, in some cases severely curtailing access to vital services. These disruptions are likely to set back global progress on both life expectancy and healthy life expectancy made in the first 20 years of the century.

Global life expectancy at birth had increased from 66.8 years in 2000 to 73.3 years in 2019, and healthy life expectancy increased from 58.3 years to 63.7 years. This was largely due to gains in maternal and child health, and to major investments and improvements in communicable disease programmes, such as HIV, tuberculosis and malaria. But the 2020 data shows how service disruptions contributed to an increase in deaths from tuberculosis and malaria between 2019 and 2020.

Prior to the pandemic, there had also been encouraging trends globally in the reduction of child stunting, alcohol consumption and tobacco use, as well as in increased access to safely managed drinking water, safely managed sanitation, basic hygiene, and clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

These advances had been partly underpinned by a doubling in global spending on health between 2000 and 2019, reaching 9.8% of global gross domestic product. But approximately 80% of that spending occurred in high-income countries, the bulk of it (about 70%) coming from government budgets. In low-income countries, out-of-pocket spending was the main source of health expenditure (44%), followed by external aid (29%).

While service coverage has improved in the last 20 years, catastrophic health expenditure has worsened. With the current global economic recession and health systems struggling to provide continuity of health services, the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to halt the progress made in service coverage and further worsen financial protection globally. This is because some people are unable to access care at all because they cannot afford it. In addition, among those who do seek and obtain services, there is a greater risk of facing financial hardship because of out-of-pocket health spending than before the pandemic.

At the same time, a chronic failure to acknowledge the central role of primary health care, and to adequately fund key elements such as the health workforce, both slowed the effectiveness of the response to COVID-19 and triggered disruptions to routine care which threaten to further jeopardize countries’ abilities to reach the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals for health.

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World health statistics 2018: Monitoring health for the SDGs

The World Health Statistics report published by the World Health Organization (WHO) provides a summary of the current status of selected health-related targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the form of an analysis of statistics for health-related SDG indicators. The publication presents comprehensive statistics at country, regional, and global levels. However, the authors acknowledge that to ensure readability, the report does not include the margins of uncertainty.

First, in order to improve understanding and interpretation of the data presented, Part 1 of the report outlines the different types of data used and provides an overview of their compilation, processing and analysis. In Part 2 summaries are provided of the current status of selected health-related SDG indicators at global and regional levels, based on data available as of early 2018. These health-related indicators are grouped into the following seven thematic areas: reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health; infectious diseases; noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and mental health; injuries and violence; universal health coverage (UHC) and health systems; environmental risks; health risks and disease outbreaks.

In Part 3, each of the WHO’s three strategic priorities of achieving universal health coverage (UHC), addressing health emergencies, and promoting healthier populations is illustrated through the use of highlight stories, such as increasing the coverage of essential health services, reducing the number of cholera deaths, and addressing the problem of child and adolescent obesity. For example, statistics show that although high-income countries continue to have the highest prevalence of obesity, the rate at which obesity among children and adolescents aged 5¬19 years is increasing is much faster in upper-middle-income countries. Notably, the number of obesity cases in low-income countries has been steadily growing too since early 2000s.

In addition, for each of the strategic priorities, the report enumerates challenges and risks which must be addressed in order to achieve the SDGs. The risk factors include rising social inequality, unsafe drinking water, lack of adequate sanitation and hygiene, unhealthy nutrition, lack of adequate physical activity.

This publication has been posted in the Roscongress Information and Analytical System on the recommendation of the Roscongress Foundation expert community.

Health

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The OECD Health Database offers the most comprehensive source of comparable statistics on health and health systems across OECD countries. It is an essential tool to carry out comparative analyses and draw lessons from international comparisons of diverse health systems.

Access all datasets in the 2022 online database

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A selection of key indicators in Excel, from the online database.

Note: Based on 17 countries providing preliminary estimates of health spending for 2021.

Latest OECD estimates point to average health expenditure growth of 5% in 2020, driven by the exceptionally high growth in spending by government and compulsory schemes (+8.1%) in response to the additional needs to address the COVID-19 pandemic.

Private spending, on the other hand, fell on average by more than 3%. As a result of the substantial spending growth and the widespread economic downturn, health spending as a share of GDP jumped to 9.7% across OECD countries in 2020, up from 8.8% in 2019.

Preliminary estimates for a group of 17 OECD countries suggest that health spending continued to grow strongly in 2021 – by around 6%. Yet, as economies recovered globally in 2021, the proportion of health spending in GDP is not expected to have grown further in 2021, according to OECD Health Statistics 2022, released in July 2022.

Access the full information on Definitions, Sources and Methods, as available in OECD.Stat but from one single user-friendly document

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The full list of indicators available in the online database, in English and in French

DISCOVER ALL THE OECD WORK ON HEALTH STATISTICS

The OECD carries out work on health data and indicators to improve international comparisons and economic analyses of health systems. OECD Health Statistics and Health at a Glance are, respectively, the leading statistical database and publication for international comparisons of health and health systems. They help policy makers, researchers, journalists and citizens compare the performance of health systems across OECD and partner countries.

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Health Expenditure: A System of Health Accounts (SHA)

Access the latest data and main comparative tables and charts on health expenditure.

Health Care Quality and Outcomes

The HCQO project compares the quality of health services in different countries. Access data on the following topics: Primary Care, Prescribing in Primary Care, Acute Care, Mental Health Care, Patient Safety, Cancer Care and Patient Experiences.

Health at a Glance

Also, access the Country Health Profiles 2021, released in December 2021 as part of the State of Health in the EU Cycle.

In addition, the OECD analyses health system performance through policy projects.

POLICY RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 CRISIS

CONTACT US

Follow us on Twitter via @OECD_Social

Depression

Depression is a common mental disorder. Globally, it is estimated that 5% of adults suffer from the disorder. It is characterized by persistent sadness and a lack of interest or pleasure in previously rewarding or enjoyable activities. It can also disturb sleep and appetite. Tiredness and poor concentration are common. Depression is a leading cause of disability around the world and contributes greatly to the global burden of disease. The effects of depression can be long-lasting or recurrent and can dramatically affect a person’s ability to function and live a rewarding life.

The causes of depression include complex interactions between social, psychological and biological factors. Life events such as childhood adversity, loss and unemployment contribute to and may catalyse the development of depression.

Psychological and pharmacological treatments exist for depression. However, in low- and middle-income countries, treatment and support services for depression are often absent or underdeveloped. It is estimated that more than 75% of people suffering from mental disorders in these countries do not receive treatment.

Depression and associated mental disorders can have a profound effect on all aspects of life, including performance at school, productivity at work, relationships with family and friends, and ability to participate in the community. Research also shows strong relationships between depression and physical health, including tuberculosis and cardiovascular disease. Depression affects all types of people – young and old, rich and poor – in all countries. Women are more likely to have depression than men.

WHO works with Member States and partners to reduce the burden of mental disorders such as depression. The World Health Assembly has discussed mental health on a number of occasions and, in 2019, approved the extension of WHO’s Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan to 2030.

WHO has developed brief psychological intervention manuals for common mental health conditions including depression that may be delivered by lay workers. An example is Problem Management Plus, which can be used individually and in group format and employs behavioural techniques, relaxation training, problem-solving treatment and ways to strengthen social support. The manual Group Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) for Depression describes a group counselling approach that focuses on identifying and addressing interpersonal difficulties. Thinking Healthy covers the use of cognitive-behavioural therapy for perinatal depression.

WHO has also developed self-help approaches which may help people with depression and can prevent the onset of mental disorders. Self-Help Plus (SH+) can be delivered to large groups and uses pre-recorded audio and WHO’s illustrated guide (Doing What Matters in Times of Stress) to teach stress management skills. The illustrated guide Doing What Matters in Times of Stress can also be used by individuals, alone or with the accompanying audio exercises.

WHO’s mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) focuses on helping countries to scale up first-line support for mental health conditions through training of non-specialists. The WHO mhGAP Intervention Guides (mhGAP-IG and mhGAP HIG for humanitarian settings) can be used by trained and supervised general health staff and cover basic clinical mental health care for priority conditions including depression. This allows gaps in service to be filled and broadens the overall capacity of a country’s health-care system.

Рейтинг стран мира по уровню продолжительности здоровой жизни

Информация об исследовании

Наиме­но­ва­ние:Индекс продолжительности здоровой жизни / Healthy Life Expectancy Index.Тематика исследо­вания:Страны и регионы Социальное развитие Уровень здоровья и качество здравоохраненияНаправ­ление исследо­вания:Общество Изучение социальных процессов.Отрасль исследо­вания:Здравоохранение.Дата исследо­вания:2000 год — настоящее время.Перио­дич­ность исследо­вания:Регулярно (раз в лет).Органи­зация исследо­вания:Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) / World Health Organization (WHO).Сайт исследо­вания:http://who.int/data/gho/Послед­нее исследо­вание:Healthy Life Expectancy Index 2018.Связан­ные исследо­вания:Рейтинг стран мира по уровню продолжительности жизниТекст статьи: © Центр гуманитарных технологий. Насто­ящий доку­мент подго­товлен совместно с предста­витель­ством Программы развития ООН в России. Републи­ка­ция текста не разре­шена. Инфор­ма­ция на этой стра­ни­це пери­оди­чески обнов­ля­ется. Последняя редакция: 18.07.2022.

Индекс уровня продолжительности здоровой жизни (Healthy Life Expectancy Index) — это основной показатель средней ожидаемой продолжительности здоровой жизни в странах мира. Будучи индикатором развития широкого спектра социальных подсистем, Индекс достаточно точно характеризует общее состояние здоровья и качества жизни населения, а также уровень эффективности национальных систем здравоохранения и социальной политики, проводимой в тех или иных государствах. Показатель ожидаемой продолжительности здоровой жизни рассчитывается раз в несколько лет по методике Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) — специального учреждения системы Организации Объединённых Наций (ООН), основная функция которого состоит в охране здоровья населения мира и решении международных проблем здравоохранения. Продолжительность здоровой жизни может рассчитываться отдельно для женщин и мужчин, отражая гендерные особенности этого феномена.

Понятие «средняя ожидаемая продолжительность здоровой жизни» для некоторой совокупности родившихся означает, сколько лет они в среднем проживут здоровой жизнью, то есть без серьёзных проблем со здоровьем, ограничивающих повседневную жизнедеятельность человека. Коэффициент продолжительности здоровой жизни представляет собой прогнозный показатель оценки состояния здоровья в контексте качества жизни. Он вычисляется на основе данных демографической статистики о смертности и данных выборочных обследований о доле лиц, испытывающих те или иные ограничения в своей повседневной жизни каких-либо проблем с физическим или психическим здоровьем, хроническими или возрастными заболеваниями, инвалидностью и так далее. Источником информации о такой самооценке здоровья служат, как правило, выборочные обследования, проводимые в странах мира уполномоченными национальными учреждениями по специальным метрикам, разработанным ВОЗ.

Концепт показателя «средняя ожидаемая продолжительность здоровой жизни» и метод его расчёта были предложены Дэниелом Салливаном (Daniel F. Sullivan) в 1971 году применительно к ситуации в США [Sullivan D. A Single Index of Mortality and Morbidity: HSMHA Health Report, Vol. 86 (1971), pp. ]. Схема расчёта ожидаемой продолжительности здоровой жизни по методу Салливана представляет собой соотношение в некоторой совокупности населения здоровых людей, не имеющих ограничений по состоянию здоровья, и нездоровых либо имеющих такие ограничения. В дальнейшем идеи Салливана получили развитие в ряде публикаций, посвящённых разработке теоретических основ и методологии интегральных мер здоровья. Сейчас главное проблемное поле в этой области находится в сфере поисков обоснованных критериев разграничения здоровья и нездоровья, способов оценки того и другого, а также достоверных источников информации, к которой возможно применять эти критерии.

С начала годов коэффициент продолжительности здоровой жизни и другие подобные показатели стали активно применяться при мониторинге здоровья населения разных стран, а также использоваться для разработки практических рекомендаций в сфере здравоохранения и социальной политики на международном уровне. В России до недавнего времени оценка показателя ожидаемой продолжительности здоровой жизни была затруднена в связи с отсутствием необходимых исходных данных о состоянии здоровья населения страны, однако с 2019 года Федеральная служба государственной статистики начала измерять его в соответствии с рекомендациями ВОЗ.

В целом, проблематика поиска новых измерителей качества жизни и здоровья обусловлена тем, что такой традиционно используемый показатель как Индекс уровня ожидаемой продолжительности жизни не учитывает, будут ли прожитые годы активными и здоровыми. Так, последние данные показывают, что в настоящее время ожидаемая продолжительность здоровой жизни на 12% ниже ожидаемой общей продолжительности здоровой жизни во всех группах стран по уровню человеческого развития (см. Индекс человеческого развития). Это означает, что в среднем люди по всему миру сохраняют относительно хорошее здоровье в течение первых 88% времени своей жизни, но сталкиваются с проблемами в так называемом «возрасте дожития». Однако диспропорции между странами и группами стран по уровню человеческого развития весьма значительны: продолжительность здоровой жизни составляет 69,9 лет в странах с очень высоким уровнем человеческого развития и лишь 53,3 года в странах с низким уровнем человеческого развития. Позиции Россия по этому показателю соответствуют скорее странам со средним уровнем человеческого развития, при этом разница в продолжительности здоровой жизни у мужчин и женщин составляет около восьми лет.

Данные с показателями продолжительности здоровой жизни в странах мира публикуются на международном уровне в периодических изданиях докладов серии «Мировая статистика здравоохранения» (WHO World Health Statistics). Исследование проводится на основе статистических данных национальных служб и международных институтов, которые аккумулируются в «Глобальной обсерватории здравоохранения» (Global Health Observatory), при этом данные обновляются не чаще чем раз в несколько лет, так как многие страны в силу разных причин не могут предоставить ежегодную статистику по данному показателю.

Результаты исследования

В этом разделе представлен актуальный (периодически обновляемый в соответствии с последними результатами исследования) список стран мира и административных территорий без государственного статуса, упорядоченных по уровню средней ожидаемой продолжительности здоровой жизни, представленному для всего населения, а также отдельно для мужчин и женщин. Текущие данные представлены по состоянию на 2016 год (опубликованы в 2018 году).

Data and statistics

Physical activity and diet

Participation in 150 minutes of moderate-intensive aerobic physical activity each week (or equivalent) is estimated to reduce the risk of ischaemic heart disease by approximately 30%, the risk of diabetes by 27%, and the risk of breast and colon cancer by 21–25%. In addition, it has positive effects on mental health by reducing stress reactions, anxiety and depression and by possibly delaying the effects of Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia.
In Europe, estimates indicate that over one third of adults are insufficiently active. Men were more active than women, particularly in high-income countries, where nearly every second woman was insufficiently physically active. Through decisions impacting urban design, land use and transport, societies have become increasingly car-friendly over time, and there is a growing geographical separation of living, working, shopping and leisure activities. As a consequence, the role of active modes of transport, such as cycling and walking, has decreased dramatically in some countries, as have opportunities for active recreation. Recent research has also suggested that people should reduce extended periods of sedentary behaviour, such as sitting at work or watching television, since these may constitute an independent risk factor for ill health regardless of other activity levels.

Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Survey

The HBSC 2009/2010 survey of countries in the WHO European Region and North America found that girls across all countries and age groups report being less active than boys, with the gender gap increasing with age. The survey found that in general 15-year-olds (average 15%) were less likely to report meeting the physical activity guidelines than 11-year-olds (average 23%) in the majority of countries. Only 19% of 11-year-old girls report engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for at least 60 minutes per day. For boys, the figure is 28%.
Family affluence was significantly associated with overweight or obesity in around half of the countries surveyed in the HBSC study: those from lower affluence families were more likely to be overweight or obese. This pattern was strongest in western Europe.
A daily breakfast and at least daily fruit consumption are seen as two of the most important healthy eating habits. In the HBSC study, eating breakfast daily was significantly associated with higher family affluence in the majority of countries for boys and over half for girls. Similarly, low family affluence was significantly associated with lower levels of fruit consumption among boys and girls in the majority of countries surveyed.

Promote a life-course approach

Health in later life is influenced by an accumulation of experience across the life-course. A life-course approach is therefore needed to effectively promote physical activity and to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases in Europe. It starts by ensuring physical activity before and during pregnancy and continues with appropriate levels of physical activity for infants and their parents. Action to encourage physical activity for children and adolescents in day-care centres, kindergartens, schools and the community is reinforced and sustained by the promotion of physical activity as a part of daily life for adults and for older people, at home, in the community and at the workplace. It also includes the promotion of sufficient levels of physical activity in health-care settings, such as primary health-care centres, hospitals and residential homes.

Prevention

WHO’s recommendations for preventing and managing obesity emphasize the need for coordinated partnerships involving different government sectors, communities, the mass media and the private sector to ensure that diet and everyday levels of physical activity can be changed effectively and sustainably.

This factsheet describes physical activity, screen time and sleep of children aged 6-9 years; using data from 25 countries participating in the 4th round of COSI

This factsheet presents the prevalence of severe obesity in school-aged children from 21 countries participating in the first three rounds of COSI (2007/2008 – 2009/2010 – 2012/2013).

This factsheet describes associations between breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and obesity among children; using data from 22 countries participating in the fourth round of COSI (n=100 583 children).

9 World Poverty Statistics that Everyone Should Know

Efforts to alleviate world poverty in the last few decades have proven hugely successful. Today, just 10 percent of the world is living in extreme poverty, a huge improvement from 29 in 1995 and a third of the percentage. But, there is still much to be done.

Below are the most up-to-date, quantifiable poverty statistics from the world’s top data gathering and humanitarian organizations. The information below compares high income to low income and rural to urban populations on topics such as child mortality, sanitation and hygiene, life-expectancy, malnutrition, and extreme poverty.

Behind every statistic is a real person facing challenges. In addition to economic strains, poverty affects feelings of worth and mutes the voices of the poor. These nine world poverty statistics can seem overwhelming, but real change is happening in some of the most remote parts of our world.

World Poverty Statistics: Global Poverty Report 2020

A third of the entire urban population is living in a slum, which are unsafe or unhealthy homes in a crowded city.

#2. For every 1,000 children born, 39 will die before they turn five years old.

Although tragic, this is remarkable progress when compared to UNICEF’s 1990 report of 93 deaths per 1,000 births.

The 2017 UNICEF Child Mortality report claims, “1 child in 36 dies in the first month” in poorer areas like Sub-Saharan Africa, “while in the world’s high-income countries the ratio is 1 in 333.”

Most under-five deaths are caused by preventable diseases like the following:

The most common contributors to these diseases? Malnutrition, contaminated water, and poor sanitation and hygiene.

In Sub-Saharan Africa, 1 in 3 children will experience stunted growth because they are not getting enough food, or not getting the vitamins they need in their food. Stunted growth also affects cognitive ability, making it more difficult for children to excel in class. Up to 50 percent of all cases of stunted growth are caused by inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene.

FIGHT WORLD POVERTY TODAY. GIVE CLEAN WATER >

#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.

That’s tens of millions of young children in the world who miss out on their education. In total for children under the age of 17 years, the number increases to 263 million (1 in 5 children).

According to the World Bank, Africa has experienced rapid increases in school enrollments, with total net enrollment of children in primary school expanding from just 55 percent in 1995 to 74 percent by 2012. Still, literacy rates are lowest among young women in South Asia and in West and Central Africa.

#4. Of all the children living in extreme poverty, 75 percent live in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.

Children are disproportionately affected by poverty. According to World Bank Data, half of the population living in extreme poverty are children. Of those children, three-quarters live in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.

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#5. Today, approximately 8.9 percent of the world’s total population is still practicing open defecation.

Open defecation means people are defecating outside, whether that be in a field or behind a home or a bush. When people defecate outside, human feces find their way into food and water sources, polluting and causing disease among people in those communities.

These illnesses are entirely preventable with access to a toilet to keep feces separate from communities.

#6. Rural populations around the world are seven times as likely as urban populations to be drinking contaminated water.

The discrepancy among rural and urban populations is striking, with rural populations experiencing extreme poverty at much higher rates than their urban neighbors.

Access to safe water is a major marker of socioeconomic classes globally. Families who are drinking contaminated water fall sick much more often. This causes the following:

The World Health Organization found that rural families are three times as likely to walk far distances for safe water. In developing countries, walking long distances for water almost always falls on the shoulders of young girls or women; the travelers are vulnerable to assaults on these daily journeys, and the time investment often results in girls missing school.

Download the Free 2019 World Poverty Report here.

#7. Less than half of rural populations (45 percent) have the knowledge and resources to manage their own health by washing their hands with soap and water.

UNICEF reports that the simple practice of washing your hands can reduce preventable (and in many cases, deadly) diseases by 40 percent. The behavior is the most effective and affordable hygiene practice that a community can undertake.

But, those experiencing extreme poverty often lack this knowledge and the clean water to effectively practice hand washing.

One child washes his hands in a “tippy tap,” a hand washing device in Cambodia.

#8. People in the United States are expected to live 18 years longer, on average, than those born in Sub- Saharan Africa.

Life expectancy at birth is an important measure of the overall health of a country. It’s influenced by the following and more:

While the average person in the United States lives to be 78, the average person is Sub-Saharan Africa lives to be 60. But, while other countries climb higher, the United States has dropped in life expectancy from 78.84 years in 2014 to 78.53 years in 2017.

The divide in life expectancy is the greatest between Monaco, Europe and the Republic of Chad in Central Africa. While someone born in Monaco can expect to live to 89 years, someone born in Chad will, on average, see 54 years of life.

#9. About a third of the UN’s Least Developed Countries are also the least churched countries in the world.

As a matter of correlation, 1 in every 3 countries listed by the UN as those with the least socioeconomic development are also those that have had little Christian influence.

A community worships together in their church.

Poverty Alleviation in the Past

Overcoming global poverty is a complex endeavor that the world isn’t finished with yet. Rural populations still disproportionately live with the hardships of extreme poverty, and thousands of children are lost each day due to preventable illnesses.

Poverty alleviation efforts in the past have been guilty of exacerbating the problem—providing aid when development and/or rehabilitation programs would be more apt a solution, and failing to listen to the needs of communities. This disempowers and invokes feelings of inability among the poor.

As governments and organizations everywhere begin to correct good-intentioned but damaging poverty alleviation efforts, global progress out of poverty will only continue to grow.

Water’s Role in Global Poverty Alleviation

Clean water lays the foundation for poor communities everywhere. It frees people from waterborne illnesses that inhibit work, costs communities in health clinic fees, and prevents children from attending school. It is essential to stepping out of poverty. Clean water, however, is not maintainable without water access, sanitation, and hygiene practices (WASH) that keep water safe.

There are many incredible organizations working to end extreme poverty through the implementation of WASH programs and the construction of safe water points. At Lifewater International, our programs focus on sustainable community development.

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Lifewater exists to provide safe water and improved health in such a way that the strengths already present in a community are realized, and community members take ownership of their own futures.

Learn about how Lifewater is helping rural communities realize their own God-given potential through our Vision of a Healthy Village approach, and download last year’s 2019 World Poverty Report to share with others.

Obese people in the world:

Obesity definitions, sources and methods:

Obesity definition: obese is a person with a body mass index (BMI) over 30 kg/m2.

BMI is defined as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in metres (kg/m2)

The data on obesity displayed on the Worldometer’s counter is based on the latest statistics published by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Globally, there are more than 1 billion overweight adults, at least 300 million of them clinically obese.

Obesity rates that have risen three-fold or more since 1980 in some areas of North America, the United Kingdom, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, the Pacific Islands, Australasia and China. Economic growth, modernization, urbanization and globalization of food markets are just some of the forces thought to underlie the epidemic.

Obesity and overweight pose a major risk for serious diet-related chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and stroke, and certain forms of cancer. The health consequences range from increased risk of premature death, to serious chronic conditions that reduce the overall quality of life.

Overweight and obesity lead to adverse metabolic effects on blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin resistance.

The likelihood of developing Type 2 diabetes and hypertension rises steeply with increasing body fatness. Confined to older adults for most of the 20th century, this disease now affects obese children even before puberty. Approximately 85% of people with diabetes are type 2, and of these, 90% are obese or overweight.

Raised BMI also increases the risks of cancer of the breast, colon, prostate, endometroium, kidney and gallbladder.

Chronic overweight and obesity contribute significantly to osteoarthritis, a major cause of disability in adults. Although obesity should be considered a disease in its own right, it is also one of the key risk factors for other chronic diseases together with smoking, high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol.

Eric Schlosser in his book » Fast Food Nation » states that the annual health care costs in the United States stemming from obesity approaches $240 billion.

Suicide prevention

More than 700 000 people die by suicide every year. Furthermore, for each suicide, there are more than 20 suicide attempts.

Suicides and suicide attempts have a ripple effect that impacts on families, friends, colleagues, communities and societies.

Suicides are preventable. Much can be done to prevent suicide at individual, community and national levels.

More than 700 000 people die by suicide every year; that’s one person every 40 seconds. Suicide occurs throughout life. It is the fourth leading cause of death among 15-29 year-olds globally.

Suicide occurs in all regions of the world. In fact, 77% of global suicides happen in low- and middle-income countries.

While the link between suicide and mental disorders (in particular, depression and alcohol use disorders) is well established, many suicides happen impulsively in moments of crisis. Further risk factors include experience of loss, loneliness, discrimination, a relationship break-up, financial problems, chronic pain and illness, violence, abuse, and conflict or other humanitarian emergencies. The strongest risk factor for suicide is a previous suicide attempt.

Much can be done to prevent suicide. WHO’s LIVE LIFE approach recommends four key interventions which have proven to be effective:

These key interventions need to be accompanied by the following foundational pillars: situation analysis, multisectoral collaboration, awareness raising, capacity building, financing, surveillance, monitoring and evaluation.

This approach is the basis on which comprehensive multisectoral national suicide prevention strategies should be developed.

COVID-19 disrupting mental health services in most countries, WHO survey

World Mental Health Day on 10 October to highlight urgent need to increase investment in chronically underfunded sector

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted or halted critical mental health services in 93% of countries worldwide while the demand for mental health is increasing, according to a new WHO survey. The survey of 130 countries provides the first global data showing the devastating impact of COVID-19 on access to mental health services and underscores the urgent need for increased funding.

The survey was published ahead of WHO’s Big Event for Mental Health ̶ a global online advocacy event on 10 October that will bring together world leaders, celebrities, and advocates to call for increased mental health investments in the wake of COVID-19.

WHO has previously highlighted the chronic underfunding of mental health: prior to the pandemic, countries were spending less than 2 per cent of their national health budgets on mental health, and struggling to meet their populations’ needs.

And the pandemic is increasing demand for mental health services. Bereavement, isolation, loss of income and fear are triggering mental health conditions or exacerbating existing ones. Many people may be facing increased levels of alcohol and drug use, insomnia, and anxiety. Meanwhile, COVID-19 itself can lead to neurological and mental complications, such as delirium, agitation, and stroke. People with pre-existing mental, neurological or substance use disorders are also more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection ̶ they may stand a higher risk of severe outcomes and even death.

“Good mental health is absolutely fundamental to overall health and well-being,” said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization. “COVID-19 has interrupted essential mental health services around the world just when they’re needed most. World leaders must move fast and decisively to invest more in life-saving mental health programmes ̶ during the pandemic and beyond.”

Survey finds major disruptions to critical mental health services

The survey was conducted from June to August 2020 among 130 countries across WHO’s six regions. It evaluates how the provision of mental, neurological and substance use services has changed due to COVID-19, the types of services that have been disrupted, and how countries are adapting to overcome these challenges.

Countries reported widespread disruption of many kinds of critical mental health services:

While many countries (70%) have adopted telemedicine or teletherapy to overcome disruptions to in-person services, there are significant disparities in the uptake of these interventions. More than 80% of high-income countries reported deploying telemedicine and teletherapy to bridge gaps in mental health, compared with less than 50% of low-income countries.

WHO has issued guidance to countries on how to maintain essential services ̶ including mental health services ̶ during COVID-19 and recommends that countries allocate resources to mental health as an integral component of their response and recovery plans. The Organization also urges countries to monitor changes and disruptions in services so that they can address them as required.

Although 89% of countries reported in the survey that mental health and psychosocial support is part of their national COVID-19 response plans, only 17% of these countries have full additional funding for covering these activities.

This all highlights the need for more money for mental health. As the pandemic continues, even greater demand will be placed on national and international mental health programmes that have suffered from years of chronic underfunding. Spending 2% of national health budgets on mental health is not enough. International funders also need to do more: mental health still receives less than 1% of international aid earmarked for health.

Those who do invest in mental health will reap rewards. Pre-COVID-19 estimates reveal that nearly US$ 1 trillion in economic productivity is lost annually from depression and anxiety alone. However, studies show that every US$ 1 spent on evidence-based care for depression and anxiety returns US$5.

Note on World Mental Health Day: Mobilizing the global community to #MoveforMentalHeatlh

On World Mental Health Day (Saturday 10 October), as part of its campaign Move for mental health: let’s invest, WHO is inviting the global community to take part in The Big Event for Mental Health, an unprecedented online advocacy event that will call for increased investment in mental health at all levels ̶ from individuals to businesses to countries to civil society ̶ so that the world can begin to close the gaps highlighted by today’s report.

The Big Event is free and open to the public and will be broadcast on 10 October from 16:00 to 19:00 CEST on WHO’s YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, TikTok and LinkedIn channels and website.

For updated information about the Big Event for Mental Health, including the latest lineup of performances and participants, visit the Big Event web page. To learn more about World Mental Health Day, visit WHO’s campaign page.

Cancer

Key facts

Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases that can affect any part of the body. Other terms used are malignant tumours and neoplasms. One defining feature of cancer is the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow beyond their usual boundaries, and which can then invade adjoining parts of the body and spread to other organs; the latter process is referred to as metastasis. Widespread metastases are the primary cause of death from cancer.

The problem

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020 (1). The most common in 2020 (in terms of new cases of cancer) were:

The most common causes of cancer death in 2020 were:

Each year, approximately 400 000 children develop cancer. The most common cancers vary between countries. Cervical cancer is the most common in 23 countries.

What causes cancer?

Cancer arises from the transformation of normal cells into tumour cells in a multi-stage process that generally progresses from a pre-cancerous lesion to a malignant tumour. These changes are the result of the interaction between a person’s genetic factors and three categories of external agents, including:

WHO, through its cancer research agency, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), maintains a classification of cancer-causing agents.

The incidence of cancer rises dramatically with age, most likely due to a build-up of risks for specific cancers that increase with age. The overall risk accumulation is combined with the tendency for cellular repair mechanisms to be less effective as a person grows older.

Risk factors for cancers

Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and air pollution are risk factors for cancer and other noncommunicable diseases.

Some chronic infections are risk factors for cancer; this is a particular issue in low- and middle-income countries. Approximately 13% of cancers diagnosed in 2018 globally were attributed to carcinogenic infections, including Helicobacter pylori, human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and Epstein-Barr virus (2).

Hepatitis B and C viruses and some types of HPV increase the risk for liver and cervical cancer, respectively. Infection with HIV increases the risk of developing cervical cancer six-fold and substantially increases the risk of developing select other cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma.

Reducing the cancer burden

Between 30 and 50% of cancers can currently be prevented by avoiding risk factors and implementing existing evidence-based prevention strategies. The cancer burden can also be reduced through early detection of cancer and appropriate treatment and care of patients who develop cancer. Many cancers have a high chance of cure if diagnosed early and treated appropriately.

Preventing cancer

Cancer risk can be reduced by:

Early detection

Cancer mortality is reduced when cases are detected and treated early. There are two components of early detection: early diagnosis and screening.

Early diagnosis

When identified early, cancer is more likely to respond to treatment and can result in a greater probability of survival with less morbidity, as well as less expensive treatment. Significant improvements can be made in the lives of cancer patients by detecting cancer early and avoiding delays in care.

Early diagnosis consists of three components:

Early diagnosis of symptomatic cancers is relevant in all settings and the majority of cancers. Cancer programmes should be designed to reduce delays in, and barriers to, diagnosis, treatment and supportive care.

Screening

Screening aims to identify individuals with findings suggestive of a specific cancer or pre-cancer before they have developed symptoms. When abnormalities are identified during screening, further tests to establish a definitive diagnosis should follow, as should referral for treatment if cancer is proven to be present.

Screening programmes are effective for some but not all cancer types and in general are far more complex and resource-intensive than early diagnosis as they require special equipment and dedicated personnel. Even when screening programmes are established, early diagnosis programmes are still necessary to identify those cancer cases occurring in people who do not meet the age or risk factor criteria for screening.

Patient selection for screening programmes is based on age and risk factors to avoid excessive false positive studies. Examples of screening methods are:

Quality assurance is required for both screening and early diagnosis programmes.

Treatment

A correct cancer diagnosis is essential for appropriate and effective treatment because every cancer type requires a specific treatment regimen. Treatment usually includes surgery, radiotherapy, and/or systemic therapy (chemotherapy, hormonal treatments, targeted biological therapies). Proper selection of a treatment regimen takes into consideration both the cancer and the individual being treated. Completion of the treatment protocol in a defined period of time is important to achieve the predicted therapeutic result.

Determining the goals of treatment is an important first step. The primary goal is generally to cure cancer or to considerably prolong life. Improving the patient’s quality of life is also an important goal. This can be achieved by support for the patient’s physical, psychosocial and spiritual well-being and palliative care in terminal stages of cancer.

Some of the most common cancer types, such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, oral cancer, and colorectal cancer, have high cure probabilities when detected early and treated according to best practices.

Some cancer types, such as testicular seminoma and different types of leukaemia and lymphoma in children, also have high cure rates if appropriate treatment is provided, even when cancerous cells are present in other areas of the body.

There is, however, a significant variation in treatment availability between countries of different income levels; comprehensive treatment is reportedly available in more than 90% of high-income countries but less than 15% of low-income countries (3).

Palliative care

Palliative care is treatment to relieve, rather than cure, symptoms and suffering caused by cancer and to improve the quality of life of patients and their families. Palliative care can help people live more comfortably. It is particularly needed in places with a high proportion of patients in advanced stages of cancer where there is little chance of cure.

Relief from physical, psychosocial, and spiritual problems through palliative care is possible for more than 90% of patients with advanced stages of cancer.

Effective public health strategies, comprising community- and home-based care, are essential to provide pain relief and palliative care for patients and their families.

Improved access to oral morphine is strongly recommended for the treatment of moderate to severe cancer pain, suffered by over 80% of people with cancer in the terminal phase.

WHO response

In 2017, the World Health Assembly passed the Resolution Cancer prevention and control in the context of an integrated approach (WHA70.12) that urges governments and WHO to accelerate action to achieve the targets specified in the Global Action Plan for the prevention and control of NCDs 2013-2020 and the 2030 UN Agenda for Sustainable Development to reduce premature mortality from cancer.

WHO and IARC collaborate with other UN organizations, inlcuing the International Atomic Energy Agency, and partners to:

References

(1) Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, et al. Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020 (https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed February 2021).

(2) de Martel C, Georges D, Bray F, Ferlay J, Clifford GM. Global burden of cancer attributable to infections in 2018: a worldwide incidence analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8(2):e180-e190.

(3) Assessing national capacity for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: report of the 2019 global survey. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.

World health statistics 2018: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals

Overview

The World Health Statistics series is WHO’s annual compilation of health statistics for its 194 Member States. The series is produced by the WHO Department of Information, Evidence and Research, of the Health Metrics and Measurement Cluster, in collaboration with all relevant WHO technical departments.

World health statistics 2018 focuses on the health and health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and associated targets by bringing together data on a wide range of health-related SDG indicators. It also links to the three SDG-aligned strategic priorities of the WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work, 2019¬2023.1

World health statistics 2018 is organized into three parts. First, in order to improve understanding and interpretation of the data presented, Part 1 outlines the different types of data used and provides an overview of their compilation, processing and analysis. The resulting statistics are then publicized by WHO through its flagship products such as the World Health Statistics series. In Part 2 summaries are provided of the current status of selected health-related SDG indicators at global and regional levels, based on data available as of early 2018. As indicated above, World health statistics 2018 links to the SDG-aligned strategic priorities of the WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work. In Part 3, each of these three strategic priorities of achieving universal health coverage (UHC), addressing health emergencies and promoting healthier populations are illustrated through the use of highlight stories. In Annexes A and B, country-level statistics are presented for selected health-related SDG indicators. Additionally, Annex B also presents statistics at WHO regional and global levels. For the first time, the type of data used for each indicator (“comparable estimate”; “primary data”; or “other data”), as described in Part 1, is also shown.

Dementia

Key facts

Dementia is a syndrome – usually of a chronic or progressive nature – that leads to deterioration in cognitive function (i.e. the ability to process thought) beyond what might be expected from the usual consequences of biological ageing. It affects memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement. Consciousness is not affected. The impairment in cognitive function is commonly accompanied, and occasionally preceded, by changes in mood, emotional control, behaviour, or motivation.

Dementia results from a variety of diseases and injuries that primarily or secondarily affect the brain, such as Alzheimer’s disease or stroke.

Dementia is currently the seventh leading cause of death among all diseases and one of the major causes of disability and dependency among older people worldwide. Dementia has physical, psychological, social and economic impacts, not only for people living with dementia, but also for their carers, families and society at large. There is often a lack of awareness and understanding of dementia, resulting in stigmatization and barriers to diagnosis and care.

Signs and symptoms

Dementia affects each person in a different way, depending upon the underlying causes, other health conditions and the person’s cognitive functioning before becoming ill. The signs and symptoms linked to dementia can be understood in three stages.

Early stage: the early stage of dementia is often overlooked because the onset is gradual. Common symptoms may include:

Middle stage: as dementia progresses to the middle stage, the signs and symptoms become clearer and may include:

Late stage: the late stage of dementia is one of near total dependence and inactivity. Memory disturbances are serious and the physical signs and symptoms become more obvious and may include:

Common forms of dementia

There are many different forms of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form and may contribute to 60-70% of cases. Other major forms include vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies (abnormal aggregates of protein that develop inside nerve cells), and a group of diseases that contribute to frontotemporal dementia (degeneration of the frontal lobe of the brain). Dementia may also develop after a stroke or in the context of certain infections such as HIV, harmful use of alcohol, repetitive physical injuries to the brain (known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy) or nutritional deficiencies. The boundaries between different forms of dementia are indistinct and mixed forms often co-exist.

Rates of dementia

Worldwide, around 55 million people have dementia, with over 60% living in low- and middle-income countries. As the proportion of older people in the population is increasing in nearly every country, this number is expected to rise to 78 million in 2030 and 139 million in 2050.

Treatment and care

There is currently no treatment available to cure dementia. Anti-dementia medicines and disease-modifying therapies developed to date have limited efficacy and are primarily labeled for Alzheimer’s disease, though numerous new treatments are being investigated in various stages of clinical trials.

Additionally, much can be offered to support and improve the lives of people with dementia and their carers and families. The principal goals for dementia care are:

Risk factors and prevention

Although age is the strongest known risk factor for dementia, it is not an inevitable consequence of biological ageing. Further, dementia does not exclusively affect older people – young onset dementia (defined as the onset of symptoms before the age of 65 years) accounts for up to 9% of cases. Studies show that people can reduce their risk of cognitive decline and dementia by being physically active, not smoking, avoiding harmful use of alcohol, controlling their weight, eating a healthy diet, and maintaining healthy blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar levels. Additional risk factors include depression, social isolation, low educational attainment, cognitive inactivity and air pollution.

Social and economic impact

Impact on families and carers

Disproportionate impact on women

Globally, dementia has a disproportionate impact on women. Sixty-five percent of total deaths due to dementia are women, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to dementia are roughly 60% higher in women than in men. Additionally, women provide the majority of informal care for people living with dementia, accounting for 70% of carer hours.

Human rights

Unfortunately, people with dementia are frequently denied the basic rights and freedoms available to others. In many countries, physical and chemical restraints are used extensively in care homes for older people and in acute-care settings, even when regulations are in place to uphold the rights of people to freedom and choice.

An appropriate and supportive legislative environment based on internationally-accepted human rights standards is required to ensure the highest quality of care for people with dementia and their carers.

WHO recognizes dementia as a public health priority. In May 2017, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017-2025. The Plan provides a comprehensive blueprint for action – for policy-makers, international, regional and national partners, and WHO as in the following areas: addressing dementia as a public health priority; increasing awareness of dementia and creating a dementia-inclusive society; reducing the risk of dementia; diagnosis, treatment and care; information systems for dementia; support for dementia carers; and, research and innovation

An international surveillance platform, the Global Dementia Observatory (GDO), has been established for policy-makers and researchers to facilitate monitoring and sharing of information on dementia policies, service delivery, epidemiology and research. As a complement to the GDO, WHO launched the GDO Knowledge Exchange Platform, which is a repository of “good practices” in the area of dementia with the goal of fostering multi-directional exchange between regions, countries and individuals to facilitate action globally.

WHO has developed Towards a dementia plan: a WHO guide, which provides guidance to Member States in creating and operationalizing a dementia plan. The guide is closely linked to WHO’s GDO and includes associated tools such as a checklist to guide the preparation, development and implementation of a dementia plan. It can also be used for stakeholder mapping and priority setting.

WHO’s Guidelines on risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia provide evidence- based recommendations on interventions for reducing modifiable risk factors for dementia, such as physical inactivity and unhealthy diets, as well as controlling medical conditions linked to dementia, including hypertension and diabetes. The recently released mDementia handbook provides guidance on implementing mHealth programmes such as two-way messaging using mobile phone technology, which also contains a module and message libraries on dementia risk reduction.

Dementia is also one of the priority conditions in the WHO Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP), which is a resource for generalists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, to help them provide first-line care for mental, neurological and substance use disorders.

WHO’s iSupport, a knowledge and skills training programme for carers of people living with dementia is available as an online course and a hardcopy manual. iSupport Lite includes easy-to-read posters and a brief video that can act as a quick reference or a refresher, reinforcing previously-acquired caregiving skills and knowledge.

In July 2021, WHO released “Towards a dementia-inclusive society: WHO toolkit for dementia-friendly initiatives”, which to support countries in establishing, scaling and evaluating dementia-friendly initiatives to foster societies where people with dementia and their carers can meaningfully participate.

WHO is also developing a Dementia Research Blueprint, together with researchers and academics around the world, to synergize efforts and harmonize the global dementia research and innovation agenda

Depression

Key facts

Overview

Depression is a common illness worldwide, with an estimated 3.8% of the population affected, including 5.0% among adults and 5.7% among adults older than 60 years (1). Approximately 280 million people in the world have depression (1). Depression is different from usual mood fluctuations and short-lived emotional responses to challenges in everyday life. Especially when recurrent and with moderate or severe intensity, depression may become a serious health condition. It can cause the affected person to suffer greatly and function poorly at work, at school and in the family. At its worst, depression can lead to suicide. Over 700 000 people die due to suicide every year. Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death in 15-29-year-olds.

Although there are known, effective treatments for mental disorders, more than 75% of people in low- and middle-income countries receive no treatment (2). Barriers to effective care include a lack of resources, lack of trained health-care providers and social stigma associated with mental disorders. In countries of all income levels, people who experience depression are often not correctly diagnosed, and others who do not have the disorder are too often misdiagnosed and prescribed antidepressants.

Symptoms and patterns

During a depressive episode, the person experiences depressed mood (feeling sad, irritable, empty) or a loss of pleasure or interest in activities, for most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks. Several other symptoms are also present, which may include poor concentration, feelings of excessive guilt or low self-worth, hopelessness about the future, thoughts about dying or suicide, disrupted sleep, changes in appetite or weight, and feeling especially tired or low in energy.

In some cultural contexts, some people may express their mood changes more readily in the form of bodily symptoms (e.g. pain, fatigue, weakness). Yet, these physical symptoms are not due to another medical condition.

During a depressive episode, the person experiences significant difficulty in personal, family, social, educational, occupational, and/or other important areas of functioning.

A depressive episode can be categorised as mild, moderate, or severe depending on the number and severity of symptoms, as well as the impact on the individual’s functioning.

There are different patterns of mood disorders including:

Contributing factors and prevention

Depression results from a complex interaction of social, psychological, and biological factors. People who have gone through adverse life events (unemployment, bereavement, traumatic events) are more likely to develop depression. Depression can, in turn, lead to more stress and dysfunction and worsen the affected person’s life situation and the depression itself.

There are interrelationships between depression and physical health. For example, cardiovascular disease can lead to depression and vice versa.

Prevention programmes have been shown to reduce depression. Effective community approaches to prevent depression include school-based programmes to enhance a pattern of positive coping in children and adolescents. Interventions for parents of children with behavioural problems may reduce parental depressive symptoms and improve outcomes for their children. Exercise programmes for older persons can also be effective in depression prevention.

Diagnosis and treatment

There are effective treatments for depression.

Depending on the severity and pattern of depressive episodes over time, health-care providers may offer psychological treatments such as behavioural activation, cognitive behavioural therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy, and/or antidepressant medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Different medications are used for bipolar disorder. Health-care providers should keep in mind the possible adverse effects associated with antidepressant medication, the ability to deliver either intervention (in terms of expertise, and/or treatment availability), and individual preferences. Different psychological treatment formats for consideration include individual and/or group face-to-face psychological treatments delivered by professionals and supervised lay therapists. Antidepressants are not the first line of treatment for mild depression. They should not be used for treating depression in children and are not the first line of treatment in adolescents, among whom they should be used with extra caution.

WHO response

WHO’s Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2030 highlights the steps required to provide appropriate interventions for people with mental disorders including depression.

Depression is one of the priority conditions covered by WHO’s Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). The Programme aims to help countries increase services for people with mental, neurological and substance use disorders through care provided by health workers who are not specialists in mental health.

WHO has developed brief psychological intervention manuals for depression that may be delivered by lay workers to individuals and groups. An example is the Problem Management Plus manual, which describes the use of behavioural activation, stress management, problem solving treatment and strengthening social support. Moreover, the Group Interpersonal Therapy for Depression manual describes group treatment of depression. Finally, the Thinking Healthy manual covers the use of cognitive-behavioural therapy for perinatal depression.

World Statistic

The enormous burden of poor working conditions

The ILO estimates that some 2.3 million women and men around the world succumb to work-related accidents or diseases every year; this corresponds to over 6000 deaths every single day. Worldwide, there are around 340 million occupational accidents and 160 million victims of work-related illnesses annually. The ILO updates these estimates at intervals, and the updates indicate an increase of accidents and ill health.

The estimated fatal occupational accidents in the CIS countries is over 11,000 cases, compared to the 5,850 reported cases (information lacking from 2 countries). The gross underreporting of occupational accidents and diseases, including fatal accidents, is giving a false picture of the scope of the problem.

Work-related mortality in the EU-27, EFTA/EEA, candidate and preaccession countries (XLS 47Kb)
Work-related mortality (XLS 162Kb)
Summary of work-related mortality. World Bank division (XLS 97Kb)
Occupational accidents and work-related diseases, 2003 (XLS 130Kb)
Summary of work related mortality (XLS 118Kb)

Tags: occupational safety and health

The World Health Organization’s ranking of the world’s health systems, by Rank

NOTE: The World Health Organization’s ranking of the world’s health systems was last produced in 2000, and the WHO no longer produces such a ranking table, because of the complexity of the task.

NOTE: The World Health Organization’s ranking of the world’s health systems was last produced in 2000, and the WHO no longer produces such a ranking table, because of the complexity of the task.

The State of Healthcare Industry – Statistics for 2022

Have you ever wondered how big the healthcare industry is?

Healthcare takes more than 10% of the GDP of most developed countries. In fact, for the US this figure will be close to 18% by the end of 2019. This isn’t surprising—the healthcare sector is the US’s largest employer. Incidentally, the US spends considerably more than the world’s average on healthcare.

As we can see, recent healthcare statistics show that it’s one of the largest and fastest-growing industries in the world.

So which other countries spend a fortune on health? And just exactly how much is the global health industry worth? What does its future look like?

Read on to find out the answers to these questions and much more.

Must-Know Healthcare Statistics in 2021

Health Insurance Industry (Infographic)

United States Healthcare Statistics

Have you ever wondered about the state of the US healthcare system?

Often people speak about it in a negative context, but how much of it is based on facts, and how much is a gross exaggeration?

Well, here are some recent statistics that show the true picture.

3. Hawaii is the top state for healthcare in the US.

When it comes to living a long life, Hawaii is the place to be. In addition to the beautiful beaches, pleasant weather, and friendly people, the state has the best healthcare in the country.

4. Healthcare costs are 2 times higher in the US than in other countries.

The US spends double what the rest of the world does on healthcare, largely because of its higher costs for treatments and procedures.

Important US Healthcare Industry Facts and Statistics

5. The US boasts the biggest health industry, consisting of 784,626 companies.

6. According to the latest healthcare industry stats, McKesson is the largest healthcare company in the country by revenue.

When it comes to healthcare spending, the US tops the list, spending 17.8% of the country’s GDP. And this likely won’t be changing anytime soon.

Universal Healthcare Stats

The old saying “What goes up must come down” doesn’t seem to apply to the global health industry. Research shows that world citizens spend more on healthcare every year.

Why is this so? And which countries spend the most on health per person?

Let’s find out the answers.

8. The US spends the most on health per person, followed by Switzerland and Germany.

Health Industry Growth

The global health industry is growing at an impressive rate, according to the recent healthcare industry statistics.

Health Care Industry Outlook

The Future Of the Healthcare Industry

The survey shows that 98% of pharmaceutical and life science executives expect digital investment in clinical trials to increase in the coming years.

Around 75% of healthcare facilities such as clinics and hospitals were found to be unprepared when it came to responding to cyber-attacks, which is another area that will need improvement in the future.

Currently, nearly 96% felt that attacks on healthcare software and infrastructure have increased and have placed healthcare facilities at risk.

Healthcare Outlook

Healthcare Global

92% of providers of various healthcare solutions are promoting the use of digitization for healthcare facilities. This makes it a good time to invest in digital healthcare trends. Experts predict a massive acceleration of digital technology in healthcare, which includes cloud computing, data security, and other tools.

Medical Markets

94% of hospitals in the US are in the process of adoption of EHRs. This new initiative will save doctors from the time-consuming process of dealing with paperwork. Furthermore, EHR will be beneficial for intervention since it offers customized reminders for patients in need of medical care.

The health insurance market is developing at a high speed. Protection-type insurance products will prove to be more resilient as compared to savings businesses, which suffer during down runs, especially in a COVID-19 hit economy.

Conclusion

The world health industry is one of the biggest industries catering to the medical needs of billions of people across the globe. It has been growing consistently and its future looks promising, with the IoT all set to revolutionize healthcare for good.

Who has the best healthcare system in the world?

A quality, well-developed healthcare system is an absolute must. It allows citizens to receive treatment for diseases, illnesses, and injuries, as well as prevent them. If the healthcare system isn’t up to the mark, people might not be able to receive or afford their required treatment. This will ultimately affect a person’s quality of life and lifespan.

Health statistics show people who live in countries with a below-par healthcare system typically have poorer overall health and a shorter lifespan in comparison to those living in countries with a well-developed healthcare system. That said, the quality of healthcare is not directly proportional to the money spent on it.

For instance, statistics on healthcare reveal that the US has the highest infant mortality rate and the lowest life expectancy among other high-income nations, yet it spends twice as much on healthcare per person. Americans spend more on healthcare, not because they use medical devices more, but rather because of the high cost of medical treatment.

What percentage of people have access to healthcare?

At present, 800 million people spend 10% of their monthly budget or more on healthcare expenses. For nearly 100 million of this group, their healthcare expenditures are high enough to push them into severe poverty.

How many people cannot afford healthcare in the world?

Health is a fundamental right, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). This basically means that every person should have access to the required health services without suffering financial hardship.

However, the situation on the ground is starkly different. It’s particularly bad in poor African countries, but the statistics in healthcare show that all is not fine in developing countries as well. For instance, according to a news report, 20% of Americans don’t have the means to access needed health care. Overall, research shows more than half of the world can’t access or afford the healthcare they need.

Health statistics at regional level

Data extracted in March 2021.

Planned article update: 7 October 2022.

During the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the highest death rates in the EU were recorded in Italian and Spanish regions. By the end of 2020, the highest death rates were recorded in Bulgarian regions.

In 2017, diseases of the circulatory system accounted for more than half of all deaths in every region of Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and the three Baltic Member States.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in severe human suffering and a considerable loss of life. As governments attempted to slow the spread of the virus — closing down economic sectors and imposing restrictions on personal mobility that were unprecedented in modern times — a public health crisis was accompanied by a major socioeconomic crisis, with rising unemployment and growing inequality. At the time of writing, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect the European Union (EU). EU Member States have worked to: slow down the spread of the virus, reinforce/protect healthcare systems, mitigate the social and economic effects of the pandemic, support workers, businesses and fellow Member States, and put in place measures to stimulate an economic recovery. The European Commission is also participating in the COVAX facility designed to provide equitable access to affordable COVID-19 vaccines. At the time of writing (April 2021), the EU had contributed EUR 1.0 billion to this facility, which should result in millions of COVID-19 vaccines being provided to low and middle-income countries.

More generally, health is an important priority for most Europeans, who expect to receive efficient healthcare services — for example, if contracting a disease or being involved in an accident — alongside timely and reliable public health information. The overall health of the EU population is closely linked to that of the planet through — among other influences — the quality of the air we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat.

Mortality

Every region of the EU has been touched by the COVID-19 pandemic; however, its impact has been unevenly spread, in both geographic and socioeconomic terms. While there have been considerable differences in terms of the timing and the impact of the pandemic between EU Member States, a regional analysis confirms widespread disparities between regions within individual Member States. Among other reasons, some of these differences may be linked to:

From a statistical perspective, the COVID-19 pandemic has also impacted on the ability of statistical authorities to collect and process data using established methods. There has also been a surge in demand for statistics that measure the impact of the pandemic, with particular interest in data covering the number of infections and mortality.

Figure 1 shows the development of excess mortality during 2020. The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the total number of deaths in the EU in April 2020 being 25.1 % higher when compared with the average for the baseline period. The initial stage of the pandemic saw a rapid increase in excess mortality rates in Italy, Spain and Belgium, whereas most eastern Member States of the EU were relatively untouched by this first wave of infections. After comparatively low levels of infections and deaths during the summer months, a second wave established itself across much of the EU during autumn as death rates accelerated again. A peak was recorded in November 2020 when the number of deaths in the EU was 40.7 % higher than average (during the baseline period). Excess mortality rates were particularly high towards the end of 2020 in eastern Member States, for example Bulgaria, Poland and Romania, with excess mortality significantly higher than during the first wave.

During the first wave of the pandemic, the average number of weekly deaths in Comunidad de Madrid was almost three times as high as the norm …

Maps 1 and 2 show the situation for the average number of weekly deaths during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic (note this analysis excludes information for Ireland). By tracking all causes of mortality, statistics on weekly deaths provide a measure for the direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is particularly valuable when: i) COVID-19 mortality is undercounted (for example, if COVID-19 was not mentioned on the death certificate as the cause of death); or ii) when there are high numbers of deaths that are indirectly related to COVID-19 (for example deaths from other causes that may be attributed to a shortage of health care resources caused/worsened by the pandemic).

At the start of 2020, the average number of weekly deaths was generally lower than that observed in previous years (2016-2019). However, while mortality normally starts to decline in March of each year, in 2020 the number of deaths started to increase. The first cases of COVID-19 in Europe were recorded in Italy and the number of deaths was soon rising at a rapid pace in northern Italian regions, especially in Lombardia. As they witnessed scenes of hospitals struggling to cope, European governments adopted a series of unprecedented measures. These included restrictions on movement, rules on physical distancing, mandatory face covering in closed public settings, and the introduction of various elements of test, track, trace, isolate and support systems.

During weeks 10-19 of 2020 (in other words, from 2 March to 10 May 2020), there were, on average, a total of 106 thousand deaths every week across the EU; this was 18.7 % higher than the average recorded during the same period in 2016-2019. The initial stages of the pandemic saw the virus being largely concentrated in a small number of predominantly urban regions, many of which were characterised by relatively high numbers of international travellers. This was particularly observable in Italy and Spain: for example, in Lombardia and Comunidad de Madrid the average number of weekly deaths in weeks 10-19 of 2020 was 2.5 times (245.7 %) and 2.9 times (294.0 %) as high as the norm recorded during 2016-2019. Regional data (generally for NUTS level 2 regions) show how some areas, such as the north of Italy, central Spain, the east of France and the Paris region, saw a large increase in their average number of weekly deaths during the first wave of the pandemic. By contrast, approximately 15 % of EU regions recorded a lower than average number of weekly deaths during the first wave. These regions were predominantly located in the eastern regions of the EU and the Baltic Member States, but also included a number of rural, sparsely-populated regions in other parts of the EU where it took longer for the virus to become established.

… while during the second wave of the pandemic the average number of weekly deaths in Podkarpackie (south-east Poland) was almost twice as high as the norm

Map 2 shows the impact of the second wave of the pandemic during weeks 43-52 of 2020 (in other words, from 19 October to 27 December 2020). There were, on average, 120 thousand deaths each week across the EU during this period, which was one third (33.4 %) higher than the norm recorded for the same period in 2016-2019. In contrast to the first wave — when many regions were relatively unaffected by the health impacts of the virus — the second wave of the pandemic impacted almost all regions. More than three quarters of EU regions recording a higher extent of excess deaths during the second wave than during the first wave. The biggest increases in excess deaths between the first and second waves were predominantly registered in the Baltic Member States and several eastern Member States.

The difference between the first and second waves of the pandemic may be contrasted by looking at the number of regions where the average number of weekly deaths was at least 65.0 % above its normal level (as shown by the darkest shades in Maps 1 and 2). This count progressed from 11 regions during the first wave of the pandemic to reach 31 regions during the second wave. Although the count of regions increased, the virus became more uniformly distributed over time, with relatively small inter-regional variations within Member States and fewer highly irregular regional peaks during the second wave (possibly reflecting governments and health care services being better prepared and far more being known about the virus).

Health care personnel and health care facilities

Hospital bed numbers and/or the number of medical doctors are indicators that may be used to measure the capacity of health care system in regular times and also their resilience to pandemics such as COVID-19.

Hospital beds are defined as those which are regularly maintained and staffed and immediately available for the care of patients admitted to hospitals; these statistics cover beds in general hospitals and in speciality hospitals. There were 2.40 million hospital beds in the EU in 2018, which meant that the total number of beds fell overall by 7.6 % during the most recent decade for which data are available.

In 2018, there were, on average, 537 hospital beds per 100 000 inhabitants; expressed in a different way, this equates to an average of one hospital bed for every 186 people. The falling number of hospital beds across much of the EU during the last decade may reflect, to some degree: cuts to health care spending in the aftermath of the global financial and economic crisis; medical and technological developments; changes in healthcare policies. For example, the need for hospital beds may be reduced through a greater provision of day-care and outpatient services as well as reductions in the average length of hospital stays; such changes may result from the introduction of new treatments and less-invasive forms of surgery.

Map 3 reflects country-specific ways of organising health care and the types of service provided to patients. It confirms a relatively high density of hospital beds across much of Germany (NUTS level 1 regions), Austria and Poland, as well as several capital regions in eastern EU Member States (as shown by the darkest shade of orange). Among these, there were four regions that recorded ratios in excess of 1 000 hospital beds per 100 000 inhabitants in 2018. The predominantly rural, northern German region of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern had the highest density of hospital beds in the EU, at slightly less than 1 300 hospital beds per 100 000 inhabitants (2017 data). The other three were the northern Polish region of Zachodniopomorskie and the capital regions of Hungary (Budapest) and Romania (Bucureşti-Ilfov).

While it was commonplace in eastern EU Member States for the capital region to record the highest density of hospital beds — perhaps reflecting a concentration of resources and specialist services — this pattern was often reversed in western and northern Member States, where the highest density of hospital beds was frequently recorded in predominantly rural regions.

Aside from the outermost region of Mayotte (France), the lowest ratios of hospital beds relative to population size were recorded in the southern Danish region of Syddanmark (156 beds per 100 000 inhabitants) and the central Greek region of Sterea Ellada (158 beds per 100 000 inhabitants).

On average there were 262 inhabitants for every doctor in the EU

Medical doctors include generalists (such as general practitioners) as well as medical and surgical specialists. They provide services to patients as consumers of healthcare, including: giving advice, conducting medical examinations and making diagnoses; applying preventive medical methods; prescribing medication and treating diagnosed illnesses; giving specialised medical or surgical treatment.

In 2018, there were approximately 1.7 million medical doctors in the EU; this equated to an average of 382 medical doctors per 100 000 inhabitants. Map 4 shows the regional distribution of medical doctors, with:

Leaving aside the atypical Spanish region of Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, the highest number of medical doctors relative to population size was recorded in the Greek capital, Attiki (792 medical doctors licensed to practice per 100 000 inhabitants). This peak value was more than 10 times as high as the lowest ratio (77 practising doctors per 100 000 inhabitants), as recorded in the outermost French region of Mayotte.

Causes of death

Health inequalities have been brought into stark contrast during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the number of deaths disproportionately high among elderly persons, those already suffering from pre-existing health conditions and disadvantaged groups within society. However, a wide range of factors determine regional mortality patterns, with deaths linked, among other issues, to: age structures, gender, access to healthcare services, living/working conditions and the surrounding environment.

Statistics on causes of death are based on two pillars: medical information from death certificates which are used as the basis for determining the cause of death and the coding of causes of death following the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD). These data provide information about diseases (and other eventualities, such as suicide or accidents) that lead directly to death; they can be used to help plan health services. Statistics on causes of death are classified according to the European shortlist for causes of death (2012), which has 86 different causes.

Maps 5 and 6 show information for standardised death rates, whereby age-specific mortality rates are adjusted to reflect the structure of a standard population. This removes the influence of different age structures between regions (as elderly persons are more likely to die than younger persons, or are more likely to catch/contract a specific illness/disease) and results in a more comparable measure across space and/or over time.

Some of the most economically disadvantaged regions in the EU recorded the highest death rates

In 2016, there were 4.53 million deaths in the EU, while the standardised death rate was 999 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants. Map 5 shows information both for the relative number and for the main causes of death across NUTS level 1 regions. There were four regions in the EU where standardised death rates were above 1 500 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants in 2017. All four recorded relatively low living standards, with their GDP per inhabitant (in purchasing power standards (PPS)) less than two thirds of the EU average. This situation was most notable in Severna i yugoiztochna (Bulgaria), which had the highest standardised death rate in the EU (1 695 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants) and the lowest level of GDP per inhabitant (at 38 % of the EU average). The other three regions were: Yugozapadna i yuzhna tsentralna Bulgaria, Alföld És Észak (Hungary) and Macroregiunea Doi (Romania).

A similar pattern was apparent between regions within individual EU Member States. For example, the highest standardised death rates in the four largest Member States were recorded in Sachsen-Anhalt (eastern Germany), Sur (southern Spain), Nord-Pas-De-Calais-Picardie (northern France) and Isole (the islands of Italy). All four regions were relatively disadvantaged, as they recorded levels of GDP per inhabitant that were considerably lower than their respective national averages.

In 2016, more than one third of all deaths in the EU were attributed to diseases of the circulatory system

In 2016, the three principal causes of death in the EU were: diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms (hereafter referred to as cancer) and diseases of the respiratory system. Diseases of the circulatory system accounted for more than one third (37.1 %) of all deaths; a more detailed analysis is provided below. Cancer accounted for just over one quarter (25.7 %) of the total number of deaths, while the proportion of deaths resulting from diseases of the respiratory system was much lower, at 7.5 %. The remaining 29.7 % of deaths in the EU had a variety of other causes.

Map 5 shows the main causes of death for NUTS level 1 regions in 2017. In Severna i yugoiztochna (Bulgaria) — the region with the highest standardised death rate — 7 out of every 10 deaths (69.4 %) were attributed to diseases of the circulatory system. The 12 regions across the EU where more than half of all deaths were caused by diseases of the circulatory system included every region of Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania, as well as the three Baltic Member States.

The French capital region, Île-de-France, had the highest share of deaths attributed to cancer (30.6 %; 2016 data for all French regions). Three more French regions — Pays de la Loire, Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes and Centre-Val de Loire — also recorded more than 30.0 % of deaths being caused by cancer, as did Slovenia.

In 2017, the Região Autónoma da Madeira in Portugal had, by far, the highest share (20.5 %) of deaths caused by diseases of the respiratory system. The next highest shares were recorded in the Spanish capital region, Comunidad De Madrid (14.5 %) and in Ireland (14.2 %). Diseases of the respiratory system accounted for less than 10.0 % of all deaths in the more than three quarters of regions across the EU.

Focus on deaths from diseases of the circulatory system

As noted above, diseases of the circulatory system are the leading cause of death in the EU, placing a considerable burden on healthcare systems and government budgets. These diseases cover a broad group of medical problems that affect the circulatory system (the heart and blood vessels), often resulting from atherosclerosis, the abnormal build-up of plaque. The latter is made of, among other constituents, cholesterol or fatty substances. Some of the most common diseases that affect the circulatory system include ischaemic heart disease (heart attacks) and cerebrovascular diseases (strokes). Despite medical advances, there were 1.68 million deaths across the EU from diseases of the circulatory system in 2016.

On average there were 370 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants from diseases of the circulatory system in the EU

The EU’s standardised death rate from diseases of the circulatory system was 370 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2016. Map 6 shows a clear east–west split in terms of the distribution of regional death rates, with the eastern and Baltic Member States as well as many German regions recording relatively high death rates, while the lowest death rates were principally recorded in France and Spain. The highest death rates among NUTS level 2 regions were concentrated in Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania, as well as the three Baltic Member States, as in 2017 every region (except for Budapest, the Hungarian capital region) within these six Member States recorded a death rate that was above 685 per 100 000 inhabitants (as shown by the darkest shade of orange). The standardised death rate from diseases of the circulatory system peaked at 1 223 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants in Severozapaden (north-west Bulgaria); this was more than three times as high as the EU average.

The lowest standardised death rates from diseases of the circulatory system in 2017 — less than 215 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants (as shown by the darkest shade of blue) — were exclusively located in France (17 out of the 27 French regions; 2016 data) and Spain (five regions). The lowest rates in France were recorded in the capital region (Île-de-France) and in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, while the lowest rate in Spain was also in the capital region (Comunidad de Madrid). This pattern — relatively low death rates from diseases of the circulatory system in capital regions — was repeated across most of the EU Member States and may be linked to the speed with which hospital treatment is made available. In other words, access to and the availability of services for those suffering a heart attack or a stroke appears to play a role in survival chances.

Men had a higher standardised death rate for diseases of the circulatory system than women in all but one region across the EU

Figure 2 provides a more detailed analysis of standardised death rates for diseases of the circulatory system by introducing a gender dimension. Within the EU, the death rate for men was 443 deaths per 100 000 male inhabitants in 2016, which was 129 deaths higher than the corresponding rate for women (314 deaths per 100 000 female inhabitants).

For men and for women, the highest death rates for diseases of the circulatory system were recorded in regions of Bulgaria. There were only three NUTS level 2 regions across the EU where the female death rate from diseases of the circulatory system stood at more than 1 000 deaths per 100 000 female inhabitants. All three of these were located in Bulgaria — Severozapaden, Yugoiztochen and Severen tsentralen — with the first of these recording the highest rate (1 062 deaths per 100 000 female inhabitants).

A similar analysis for men reveals there were 15 NUTS level 2 regions across the EU where the male death rate from diseases of the circulatory system stood at more than 1 000 deaths per 100 000 male inhabitants in 2017. The highest death rates were recorded in the six regions of Bulgaria, with a peak of 1 470 deaths per 100 000 male inhabitants in Yugoiztochen. Very high male death rates were also recorded in six out of the eight Romanian regions (Bucureşti-Ilfov and Centru being the exceptions), Latvia, Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas (Lithuania) and Észak-Magyarország (Hungary).

Across the 240 NUTS level 2 regions for which data are available, the outermost French region of Mayotte (2016 data) was the only region where the standardised death rate from diseases of the circulatory system was higher for women from than for men. In 2017, the gender gap for death rates from diseases of the circulatory system was smallest (in absolute terms) in several Greek, Spanish, French and Dutch regions. By contrast, the widest gaps between the sexes were recorded in regions characterised by some of the highest overall death rates, including several regions from Bulgaria and the Baltic Member States.

Source data for figures and maps

Health at regional level

Data sources

Excess mortality and weekly death statistics

In April 2020, at the height of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic within the EU, Eurostat set up a new data collection exercise to respond to the needs of policymakers and researchers by providing statistics on weekly deaths to monitor the rapidly changing situation. Monthly data for excess mortality are also based on this exercise.

These mortality statistics are continuously updated with the most recent information for the latest week available. Data are preliminary and it should be noted that the freshest data for the most recent weeks may be under-reported (as the actual number of deaths is revised once a broader set of information has been processed).

At the end of 2020, this dataset was released as part of Eurostat’s European Statistical Recovery Dashboard. The dashboard may be used to track a range of socioeconomic indicators — including some related to health — during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Healthcare resources

Non-expenditure data on healthcare resources, such as the data shown here for the number of hospital beds or the number of medical doctors, are submitted to Eurostat on the basis of a gentlemen’s agreement; in other words, there is currently no binding legislation. These data are mainly based on national administrative sources and therefore reflect country-specific ways of organising healthcare and may not be completely comparable; a few countries compile their statistics from surveys. Annual national and regional data for healthcare resources are provided in absolute numbers and in population-standardised rates (per 100 000 inhabitants).

Causes of death

Data on causes of death provide information on mortality patterns and form a major element of public health information. This dataset refers to the underlying cause of death, which — according to the World Health Organization (WHO) — is ‘the disease or injury which initiated the train of morbid events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury’.

Causes of death statistics are based on information derived from the medical certificate of cause of death. The medical certification of death is an obligation in all EU Member States. Countries code information on the cause of death (as provided on the medical certificate) into ICD codes. The dataset is built upon standards laid out in the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD). The ICD provides codes, rules and guidelines for mortality coding. Statistics presented in this publication are based on the 10th edition of the ICD (ICD-10). Eurostat’s causes of death statistics are classified according to 86 different causes that together compose a European shortlist (2012) of causes of death. Note that ICD-11 has already been adopted and will come into effect as of 1 January 2022.

Indicator definitions

The indicator of excess mortality is considered to be a more comprehensive measure of the total impact of the COVID-19 pandemic than a simple count of confirmed COVID-19 deaths alone. In addition to the confirmed number of deaths, excess mortality also captures deaths from COVID-19 that were not diagnosed and reported as such, as well as excess deaths from other causes that may be attributed to the overall crisis.

A death, according to the United Nations definition, is the ‘permanent disappearance of all vital functions without possibility of resuscitation at any time after a live birth has taken place’; this definition therefore excludes foetal deaths (stillbirths).

Available beds in hospitals

Hospital bed numbers provide information on healthcare capacities, in this case the maximum number of patients who can be treated in hospitals. The total number of hospital beds includes all hospital beds which are regularly maintained and staffed and immediately available for the care of admitted patients. This count is equal to the sum of the following four categories: i) curative (acute) care beds; ii) rehabilitative care beds; iii) long-term care beds; and iv) other hospital beds.

A medical doctor (or physician) has a degree in medicine. Practising physicians are those who have completed successfully studies in medicine at university level and who are licensed to provide services to individual patients (conducting medical examinations, making diagnoses, performing operations). Excluded from the count of practising physicians are students who have not yet graduated, unemployed physicians, retired physicians or physicians working abroad, as well as physicians working in administration, research or other posts that do not involve direct contact with patients.

Eurostat gives preference to the concept of ‘practising physicians’, although some data may be presented for ‘professionally active physicians’ (a practising physician or any other physician for whom a medical education is a prerequisite for the execution of their job), or for ‘licensed physicians’ (a broader concept, encompassing the other two types of physician as well as other registered physicians who are entitled to practise as healthcare professionals).

Causes of death

The underlying cause of death is defined as the disease or injury which started the train (sequence) of morbid (disease-related) events which led directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury. Although international definitions are harmonised, the resulting statistics on causes of death may not be fully comparable across countries, as classifications may vary when the cause of death is multiple or difficult to evaluate, and because of different notification procedures.

Within this publication, data are presented for the main cause of death (according to the ICD-10):

Context

Within the European Commission, policy actions within the health domain generally fall under the responsibility of the Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety and the Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion. Such actions are focused on protecting people from health threats and disease, providing consumer protection (food safety issues), promoting lifestyle choices (fitness and healthy eating), as well as workplace safety.

The EU’s main policy objectives include: improving access to healthcare for all through effective, accessible and resilient health systems, fostering health coverage as a way of reducing inequalities and tackling social exclusion; promoting health information and education, healthier lifestyles and individual well-being; investing in health through disease prevention; improving safety standards for patients, pharmaceuticals/drugs and medical devices; guaranteeing/recognising prescriptions in other EU Member States.

Health systems across the EU are organised, financed and managed in very different ways and the competence for the delivery of these services largely resides with individual EU Member States. Policy developments in this area are based on an open method of coordination, a voluntary process based on agreeing common objectives and helping national authorities cooperate. The COVID-19 pandemic underlined the issue of cooperation on health matters within the EU and the ability of the EU to respond to shocks and health crises.

Regulation (EU) 2021/522 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 March 2021 establishing a Programme for the Union’s action in the field of health (‘EU4health programme’) for the period 2021-2027 will provide funding to EU Member States, health organisations and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and is designed to boost the EU’s preparedness for major cross-border health threats by creating:

Another strand of EU4Health will support a longer-term vision of improving health outcomes via efficient and inclusive health systems across the EU Member States, by encouraging:

Alongside EU4Health, the EU’s civil protection mechanism — rescEU — will be expanded and reinforced to prepare for and respond to future crises, for example, through direct crisis response, stockpiles, deployment and dispatching of equipment and staff in emergency situations. Furthermore, the research framework programme — Horizon Europe — will also be reinforced to fund vital research in health. This will include initiatives to scale-up the research effort for challenges such as those experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, the extension of clinical trials, innovative protective measures, virology, vaccines, treatments and diagnostics, and the translation of research findings into public health policy measures.

Total funding for the EU4Health programme under the multiannual financial framework will amount to EUR 2.2 billion (in 2018 prices) during the period between 2021 and 2027 (along with a EUR 2.9 billion share of additional ‘top-up’ funding), while funding for emergency response and disaster risk management (rescEU) will amount to EUR 3.0 billion, of which EUR 1.9 billion has been allocated as part of the European Recovery Instrument (COM(2020) 441 final), also known as Next Generation EU.

EU cohesion policy also funds health as a key asset for regional development and competitiveness in order to reduce economic and social disparities. Support may address a number of different areas such as the EU’s ageing population, healthcare infrastructure and sustainable systems, e-health, health coverage, and health promotion programmes.

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control in Sweden is an EU agency that provides surveillance of emerging health threats so that the EU can respond rapidly. It pools knowledge on current and emerging threats, and works with national counterparts to develop disease monitoring across the EU.

The European Medicines Agency (EMA), which is located in Amsterdam (the Netherlands), helps national regulators by coordinating scientific assessments concerning the quality, safety and efficacy of medicines used across the EU. All medicines in the EU must be approved at a national level or by the EU before being placed on the market. The safety of pharmaceuticals that are sold in the EU is monitored throughout a product’s life cycle and individual products may be banned, or their sales/marketing suspended.

On a more practical level, the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) allows travellers from one EU Member State to obtain medical treatment if they fall ill whilst temporarily visiting another Member State or EFTA country. The EU has also introduced legislation on the application of patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare (Directive 2011/24/EU), which allows patients to go abroad for treatment when this is either necessary (specialist treatment is only available abroad) or easier (if the nearest hospital is just across a border). In March 2021, the European Commission proposed to create a Digital Green Certificate to facilitate safe, free movement within the EU during the COVID-19 pandemic. The certificate is intended to be a proof that a person has been vaccinated against COVID-19, has received a recent negative test result or has recovered from COVID-19.

Drugs (psychoactive)

Psychoactive drugs are substances that, when taken in or administered into one’s system, affect mental processes, e.g. perception, consciousness, cognition or mood and emotions. Psychoactive drugs belong to a broader category of psychoactive substances that include also alcohol and nicotine. “Psychoactive” does not necessarily imply dependence-producing, and in common parlance, the term is often left unstated, as in “drug use”, “substance use” or “substance abuse”.

Production, distribution, sale or non-medical use of many psychoactive drugs is either controlled or prohibited outside legally sanctioned channels by law. Psychoactive drugs have different degrees of restriction of availability, depending on their risks to health and therapeutic usefulness, and classified according to a hierarchy of schedules at both national and international levels. At the international level, there are international drug conventions concerned with the control of production and distribution of psychoactive drugs: the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, amended by a 1972 Protocol; the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances; the 1988 Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.

The use of psychoactive drugs without medical supervision is associated with significant health risks and can lead to the development of drug use disorders. Drug use disorders, particularly when untreated, increase morbidity and mortality risks for individuals, can trigger substantial suffering and lead to impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning. Drug use disorders are associated with significant costs to society due to lost productivity, premature mortality, increased health care expenditure, and costs related to criminal justice, social welfare, and other social consequences.

Since its creation, WHO has played an important role within the UN system in addressing the world drug problem. WHO activities to counter the world drug problem can be presented under the following main dimensions:

Target 3.5 of UN Sustainable Development Goal 3 sets out a commitment by governments to strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse. Several other targets are also of particular relevance to drug policy-related health issues, especially target 3.3, referring to ending the AIDS epidemic and combating viral hepatitis; target 3.4, on preventing and treating noncommunicable diseases and promoting mental health; target 3.8, on achieving universal health coverage; and target 3.b, with its reference to providing access to affordable essential medicines.

In April 2016, the thirtieth Special Session of the UN General Assembly (UNGASS) reviewed the progress in the implementation of the 2009 Political Declaration and Plan of Action on International Cooperation Towards an Integrated and Balanced Strategy to Counter the World Drug Problem and assessed the achievements and challenges. In resolution S-30/1, the General Assembly adopted the outcome document of the special session on the world drug problem entitled “Our joint commitment to effectively addressing and countering the world drug problem”. The UNGASS marked a shift in the overall drug policy discourse to highlight the public health and human rights dimensions of the world drug problem and to achieve a better balance between supply reduction and public health measures.

Cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. CVDs are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease and other conditions. More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes, and one third of these deaths occur prematurely in people under 70 years of age.

The most important behavioural risk factors of heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol. The effects of behavioural risk factors may show up in individuals as raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose, raised blood lipids, and overweight and obesity. These “intermediate risks factors” can be measured in primary care facilities and indicate an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, heart failure and other complications.

Cessation of tobacco use, reduction of salt in the diet, eating more fruit and vegetables, regular physical activity and avoiding harmful use of alcohol have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Health policies that create conducive environments for making healthy choices affordable and available are essential for motivating people to adopt and sustain healthy behaviours.

Identifying those at highest risk of CVDs and ensuring they receive appropriate treatment can prevent premature deaths. Access to noncommunicable disease medicines and basic health technologies in all primary health care facilities is essential to ensure that those in need receive treatment and counselling.

Heart attack and stroke

Often, there are no symptoms of the underlying disease of the blood vessels. A heart attack or stroke may be the first sign of underlying disease. Symptoms of a heart attack include:

In addition the person may experience difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath; nausea or vomiting; light-headedness or faintness; a cold sweat; and turning pale. Women are more likely than men to have shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, and back or jaw pain.

The most common symptom of a stroke is sudden weakness of the face, arm, or leg, most often on one side of the body. Other symptoms include sudden onset of:

People experiencing these symptoms should seek medical care immediately.

Rheumatic heart disease

Symptoms of rheumatic heart disease include: shortness of breath, fatigue, irregular heartbeats, chest pain and fainting. Symptoms of rheumatic fever (which can cause rheumatic heart disease if not treated) include: fever, pain and swelling of the joints, nausea, stomach cramps and vomiting.

WHO supports governments to prevent, manage and monitor CVDs by developing global strategies to reduce the incidence, morbidity and mortality of these diseases. These strategies include reducing risk factors, developing standards of care, enhancing health system capacity to care for patients with CVD, and monitoring disease patterns and trends to inform national and global actions.

The risk factors for CVD include behaviours such as tobacco use, an unhealthy diet, harmful use of alcohol and inadequate physical activity. They also include physiological factors, including high blood pressure (hypertension), high blood cholesterol and high blood sugar or glucose, which are linked to underlying social determinants and drivers such as ageing, income and urbanization.

World Health Statistics 2015

Attachments

World Health Statistics reports on global health goals for 194 countries

13 May 2015 / GENEVA – 2015 is the final year for the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) – goals set by governments in 2000 to guide global efforts to end poverty. This year’s World Health Statistics – published today by the World Health Organization (WHO) – assesses progress towards the health-related goals in each of the 194 countries for which data are available. The results are mixed.

By the end of this year if current trends continue, the world will have met global targets for turning around the epidemics of HIV, malaria and tuberculosis and increasing access to safe drinking water. It will also have made substantial progress in reducing child undernutrition, maternal and child deaths, and increasing access to basic sanitation.

“The MDGs have been good for public health. They have focused political attention and generated badly needed funds for many important public health challenges,” says Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of WHO. “While progress has been very encouraging, there are still wide gaps between and within countries. Today’s report underscores the need to sustain efforts to ensure the world’s most vulnerable people have access to health services.”

Child deaths halved, but won’t reach target

Progress in child survival worldwide is one of the greatest success stories of international development. Since 1990, child deaths have almost halved – falling from an estimated 90 deaths per 1000 live births to 46 deaths per 1000 live births in 2013.

Despite great advances, this is not enough to reach the goal of reducing the death rate by two-thirds. Less than one third of all countries have achieved or are on track to meet this target by the end of this year. The top killers of children aged less than 5 years are now: preterm birth complications, pneumonia, birth asphyxia and diarrhoea.

Saving more mothers

The number of women who died due to complications during pregnancy and childbirth has almost halved between 1990 and 2013. This rate of decrease won’t be enough to achieve the targeted reduction of 75% by the end of this year.

The maternal mortality ratio has fallen in every region. However, 13 countries with some of the world’s highest rates have made little progress in reducing these largely preventable deaths.

In the WHO African Region, 1 in 4 women who wants to prevent or delay childbearing does not have access to contraceptives, and only 1 in 2 women gives birth with the support of a skilled birth attendant. Less than two-thirds (64%) of women worldwide receive the recommended minimum of 4 antenatal care visits during pregnancy.

Reversing the spread of HIV

The world has begun to reverse the spread of HIV, with new infections reported in 2013 of 2.1 million people, down from 3.4 million in 2001.

The revised target of achieving universal access to treatment for HIV will be more challenging as WHO’s recommendations have resulted in much higher numbers of people needing treatment. At current trends, the world will exceed the target of placing 15 million people in low- and middle-income countries on antiretroviral therapy (ARTs) in 2015. By the end of 2013, almost 13 million people received ARTs globally. Of these, 11.7 million lived in low- and middle-income countries, representing 37% of people living with HIV in those countries.

Increasing access to safe drinking water and sanitation

While the global target for increasing access to safe drinking water was met in 2010, the WHO African and Eastern Mediterranean Regions fall far short, particularly for poor people and those living in rural areas.

The world is unlikely to meet the MDG target on access to basic sanitation. Around 1 billion people have no access to basic sanitation and are forced to defecate in open spaces such as fields and near water sources. Lack of sanitation facilities puts these people at high risk of diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera), trachoma and hepatitis.

Beyond 2015

In September, countries will decide on new and ambitious global goals for 2030 at the United Nations General Assembly in New York. In addition to finishing the MDG agenda, the post-2015 agenda needs to tackle emerging challenges including the growing impact of noncommunicable diseases, like diabetes and heart disease, and the changing social and environmental determinants that affect health.

The draft post-2015 agenda proposes 17 goals, including an overarching health goal to “ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”.

Key facts from World Health Statistics 2015

About WHO statistics

Published every year since 2005 by WHO, World Health Statistics is the definitive source of information on the health of the world’s people. It contains data from 194 countries on a range of mortality, disease and health system indicators including life expectancy, illnesses and deaths from key diseases, health services and treatments, financial investment in health, as well as risk factors and behaviours that affect health.

Note to editors:

WHO’s Global Health Observatory provides updated health statistics all year round. It has more detailed information on more than 1000 health indicators, ranging from mental health to air pollution. Users can tailor their research by entering their own search terms into the online database to find out the latest health statistics in any country or to get a regional or global snapshot.

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Falls

Key facts

The problem

Globally, falls are a major public health problem. An estimated 684 000 fatal falls occur each year, making it the second leading cause of unintentional injury death, after road traffic injuries. Over 80% of fall-related fatalities occur in low- and middle-income countries, with regions of the Western Pacific and South East Asia accounting for 60% of these deaths. In all regions of the world, death rates are highest among adults over the age of 60 years.

Though not fatal, approximately 37.3 million falls severe enough to require medical attention occur each year. Globally, falls are responsible for over 38 million DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) lost each year(2), and result in more years lived with disability than transport injury, drowning, burns and poisoning combined.

While nearly 40% of the total DALYs lost due to falls worldwide occurs in children, this measurement may not accurately reflect the impact of fall-related disabilities for older individuals who have fewer life years to lose. In addition, those individuals who fall and suffer a disability, particularly older people, are at a major risk for subsequent long-term care and institutionalization.

The financial costs from fall-related injuries are substantial. For people aged 65 years or older, the average health system cost per fall injury in the Republic of Finland and Australia are US$ 3611 and US$ 1049 respectively. Evidence from Canada suggests the implementation of effective prevention strategies with a subsequent 20% reduction in the incidence of falls among children under 10 years of age could create a net savings of over US$ 120 million each year.

Who is at risk?

While all people who fall are at risk of injury, the age, gender and health of the individual can affect the type and severity of injury.

Age is one of the key risk factors for falls. Older people have the highest risk of death or serious injury arising from a fall and the risk increases with age. For example, in the United States of America, 20–30% of older people who fall suffer moderate to severe injuries such as bruises, hip fractures, or head trauma. This risk level may be in part due to physical, sensory, and cognitive changes associated with ageing, in combination with environments that are not adapted for an ageing population.

Another high risk group is children. Childhood falls occur largely as a result of their evolving developmental stages, innate curiosity in their surroundings, and increasing levels of independence that coincide with more challenging behaviours commonly referred to as ‘risk taking’. While inadequate adult supervision is a commonly cited risk factor, the circumstances are often complex, interacting with poverty, sole parenthood, and particularly hazardous environments.

Gender

Across all age groups and regions, both genders are at risk of falls. In some countries, it has been noted that males are more likely to die from a fall, while females suffer more non-fatal falls. Older women and younger children are especially prone to falls and increased injury severity. Worldwide, males consistently sustain higher death rates and DALYs lost. Possible explanations of the greater burden seen among males may include higher levels of risk-taking behaviours and hazards within occupations.

Other risk factors include:

Prevention

A range of interventions exist to prevent falls across the life-course. These include, but are not limited to, the following:

For children and adolescents

For older people

In addition to the interventions mentioned above there are others that are considered prudent to implement despite the fact that they may never have a body of research to support them. This is because the nature of the intervention is such that they are unlikely to be the subject of high-quality research studies either due to difficulties in performing the required research, or because the interventions seem so basic or fundamental that research is not deemed necessary. Examples of such interventions include:

(1)Within the WHO Global Health Estimates, fall-related deaths and non-fatal injuries exclude falls due to assault and self-harm; falls from animals, burning buildings, transport vehicles; and falls into fire, water and machinery.

(2)The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) extends the concept of potential years of life lost due to premature death to include equivalent years of “healthy” life lost by virtue of being in states of poor health or disability.

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OECD Health Statistics

OECD Health Statistics offers the most comprehensive source of comparable statistics on health and health systems across OECD countries, and includes data found in the publication Health at a Glance. It provides data on the health status of the population including obesity (overweight, obese), suicide and life expectancy, health care financing, health care resources, social protection, health care utilization, the pharmaceutical market, long-term care resources and utilization, non-medical determinants of health, expenditure on health, and demographic and economic references, with coverage being provided for OECD and selected non-OECD countries as far back as 1960.

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This dataset presents internationally comparable statistics on morbidity and mortality with variables such as life expectancy, causes of mortality, maternal and infant mortality, potential years of life lost, perceived health status, suicide, infant health, dental health, communicable diseases, cancer, injuries, and absences from work due to illness.

World health organization statistics

May 20, 2021 · The World health statistics report is the World Health Organization’s (WHO) annual compilation of the most recent available data on health and health-related indicators for its 194 Member States. The 2022 …

Stunting prevalence among children under 5 years of age (% height-for-age https://www.who.int/data

The World health statistics report is the World Health Organization’s annual compilation of health and health-related indicators for its 194 Member States, which has been published since 2005.

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May 20, 2022 · 20 May 2022 – Geneva: The World Health Organization has published its latest comprehensive set of World Health Statistics to 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic – which led to an estimated 4.5 million excess deaths in that year.

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Aug 12, 2022 · WHO Global Health Facilities Database (GHFD) launch as part of this year’s UN Statistical Commission. 10 March 2022 15:00 – 16:30 CET. Country progress and way forward in phasing down the use of dental amalgam. 11 …

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Situation Reports

Jul 13, 2022 · The Weekly Epidemiological Update provides an overview of the global, regional and country-level COVID-19 cases and deaths, highlighting key data and trends; as well as other pertinent epidemiological information …

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World Health Statistics 2022 – Monitoring health for the SDGs • Introduction The World health statistics report is the World Health Organization’s (WHO) annual compilation of health and health-related indicators for its 194 Member States, …

he World health statistics report is the World Health Organization (WHO) annual compilation of the latest available data on health and health-related indicators for its 194 Member States. The report is produced by the WHO Division of Data, Analytics and Delivery for Impact, in collaboration with WHO technical departments and regional offices.

the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication.

Statistiques sanitaires mondiales 2013. Estadísticas sanitarias mundiales 2013.

Persons fully vaccinated with last dose of primary series per 100 population

The World health statistics, published annually since 2005, is WHO’s annual snapshot of the state of the world’s health. Since 2016, the World Health Statistics series has focused on monitoring progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the 2019 edition contains the latest available data for the health-related SDG indicators.

The World Health Statistics Report, a yearly publication of the WHO, presents the most recent health statistics of its 194 Member States. It provides detailed charts, tables, and figures on nine areas: life expectancy and mortality cause-specific mortality and morbidity selected infectious diseases health service coverage risk factors

World Health Organization

World Health Organization

The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as «the attainment by all people…

Written works

The World Health assembly is the forum through which the WHO is governed by its 194 member states.

One of its first concerns was the eradication of small pox. The organization also publishes the World Health Report, the Worldwide Health Survey, and World Health Day.

The WHO was created to take care of the world’s health problems, and it has 194 member states that also belong to the United Nations.

It thus became the first specialized agency of the United Nations to which every member subscribed.

World health organization statistics

Tracking Public Health and Social Measures

A Global Dataset

A global database of public health and social measures applied during the COVID-19 pandemic

Public health and social measures (PHSMs) are measures or actions by individuals, institutions, communities, local and national governments and international bodies to slow or stop the spread of an infectious disease, such as COVID-19.

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of organizations have begun tracking implementation of PHSMs around the world, using different data collection methods, database designs and classification schemes.

The PHSM trackers currently included are: ACAPS; Johns Hopkins University (a subset of their dataset at National and state level); University of Oxford; US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; and WHO EURO’s PHSM dataset. We have plans to import additional trackers from: Complexity Science Hub Vienna; CoronaNet Covid-19 PHSM dataset; and Global Public Health Intelligence Network. We also have structured data from WHO IHR and the World Food Program (WFP) on international travel restrictions, which we are looking at how to incorporate.

Along side the unique dataset supplied below, the complete dataset is available on request, giving the ability to look at duplication between trackers, comparison of dates, links and information in the providers comments fields. Further records detailing other measures, for example financial measures, are also available upon request.

Full details of cleaning process and taxonomy are available using the “Taxonomy” link below.

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PHSM Dataset

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Disability and health

Key facts

Overview

Disability refers to the interaction between individuals with a health condition (e.g., cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and depression) and personal and environmental factors (e.g., negative attitudes, inaccessible transportation and public buildings, and limited social supports).

Over 1 billion people are estimated to experience disability. This corresponds to about 15% of the world’s population, with up to 190 million (3.8%) people aged 15 years and older having significant difficulties in functioning, often requiring health care services. The number of people experiencing disability is increasing due to a rise in chronic health conditions and population ageing. Disability is a human rights issue, with people with disability being subject to multiple violations of their rights, including acts of violence, abuse, prejudice and disrespect because of their disability, which intersects with other forms of discrimination based on age and gender, among other factors. People with disability also face barriers, stigmatization and discrimination when accessing health and health-related services and strategies. Disability is a development priority because of its higher prevalence in lower-income countries and because disability and poverty reinforce and perpetuate one another.

Disability is extremely diverse. While some health conditions associated with disability result in poor health and extensive health care needs, others do not. However, all people with disability have the same general health care needs as everyone else, and therefore need access to mainstream health care services. Article 25 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) reinforces the right of persons with disability to attain the highest standard of health, without discrimination. However, the reality is that few countries provide adequate quality services for people with disability.

Barriers to healthcare

People with disability encounter a range of barriers when they attempt to access health care including:

Attitudinal barriers

Physical barriers

Communication barriers

Financial barriers

Disability inclusion in the health sector

Disability is often not perceived as a health issue. Therefore, action is not taken towards disability inclusion in the health sector, which is also often overlooked in national disability strategies and action plans to implement and monitor the CRPD.

Attaining the highest possible standard of health and well-being for all will only be possible if governments understand the need for a paradigm shift, recognizing that the global health goals can only be achieved when disability inclusion is intrinsic to health sector priorities, including:

Disability inclusion is critical to achieving universal health coverage without financial hardship, because persons with disabilities are:

Disability inclusion is critical to achieving better protection from health emergencies, because persons with disabilities are disproportionately affected by COVID-19, including:

Disability inclusion is critical to achieving better health and well-being, because persons with disabilities are:

Children with disabilities are:

WHO response

To improve access to and coverage of health services for people with disability, WHO:

Physical activity

Key facts

What is physical activity?

WHO defines physical activity as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure. Physical activity refers to all movement including during leisure time, for transport to get to and from places, or as part of a person’s work. Both moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity improve health.

Popular ways to be active include walking, cycling, wheeling, sports, active recreation and play, and can be done at any level of skill and for enjoyment by everybody.

Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and manage noncommunicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes and several cancers. It also helps prevent hypertension, maintain healthy body weight and can improve mental health, quality of life and well-being.

How much of physical activity is recommended?

WHO guidelines and recommendations provide details for different age groups and specific population groups on how much physical activity is needed for good health.

In a 24-hour day, infants (less than 1 year) should:

In a 24-hour day, children 1-2 years of age should:

In a 24-hour day, children 3-4 years of age should:

Adults aged 65 years and above

Pregnant and postpartum women

All pregnant and postpartum women without contraindication should:

People living with chronic conditions (hypertension, type 2 diabetes, HIV and cancer survivors)

Children and adolescents living with disability:

Adults living with disability:

Benefits and risks of physical activity and sedentary behavior

Regular physical activity, such as walking, cycling, wheeling, doing sports or active recreation, provides significant benefits for health. Some physical activity is better than doing none. By becoming more active throughout the day in relatively simple ways, people can easily achieve the recommended activity levels.

Regular physical activity can:

In children and adolescents, physical activity improves:

In adults and older adults, higher levels of physical activity improves:

For pregnant and post-partum women

Physical activity confers the following maternal and fetal health benefits: a decreased risk of:

Health risks of sedentary behaviour

Lives are becoming increasingly sedentary, through the use of motorized transport and the increased use of screens for work, education and recreation. Evidence shows higher amounts of sedentary behaviour are associated with the following poor health outcomes:

Levels of physical activity globally

Increased levels of physical inactivity have negative impacts on health systems, the environment, economic development, community well-being and quality of life.

Globally, 28% of adults aged 18 and over were not active enough in 2016 (men 23% and women 32%). This means they do not meet the global recommendations of at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes vigorous-intensity physical activity per week.

In high-income countries, 26% of men and 35% of women were insufficiently physically active, as compared to 12% of men and 24% of women in low-income countries. Low or decreasing physical activity levels often correspond with a high or rising gross national product.

The drop in physical activity is partly due to inaction during leisure time and sedentary behaviour on the job and at home. Likewise, an increase in the use of «passive» modes of transportation also contributes to insufficient physical activity.

Globally, 81% of adolescents aged 11-17 years were insufficiently physically active in 2016. Adolescent girls were less active than adolescent boys, with 85% vs. 78% not meeting WHO recommendations of at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity per day.

How to increase physical activity?

Countries and communities must take action to provide everyone with more opportunities to be active, in order to increase physical activity. This requires a collective effort, both national and local, across different sectors and disciplines to implement policy and solutions appropriate to a country’s cultural and social environment to promote, enable and encourage physical activity.

WHO response

In 2018 WHO launched a new Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030 which outlines four policy actions areas and 20 specific policy recommendations and actions for Member States, international partners and WHO, to increase physical activity worldwide. The global action plan calls for countries, cities and communities to adopt a ‘whole-of-system’ response involving all sectors and stakeholders taking action at global, regional and local levels to provide the safe and supportive environments and more opportunities to help people increase their levels of physical activity.

In 2018, the World Health Assembly agreed on a global target to reduce physical inactivity by 15% by 2030 and align with the Sustainable Development Goals. The commitments made by world leaders to develop ambitious national SDG responses provides an opportunity to refocus and renew efforts at promoting physical activity.

The WHO toolkit ACTIVE launched in 2019 provides more specific technical guidance on how to start and implement the 20 policy recommendations outlined in the global action plan.

The global action plan and ACTIVE propose policy options that can be adapted and tailored to local culture and contexts to help increase levels of physical activity globally, these include:

To help countries and communities measure physical activity in adults, WHO has developed the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). This questionnaire helps countries monitor insufficient physical activity as one of the main NCD risk factors. The GPAQ has been integrated into the WHO STEPwise approach, which is a surveillance system for the main NCD risk factors.

To assess physical activity among schoolchildren WHO has collaborated on a questionnaire module which has been integrated into the Global school-based student health survey (GSHS). The GSHS is a WHO/US CDC surveillance project designed to help countries measure and assess the behavioural risk factors and protective factors in 10 key areas among young people aged 13 to 17 years.

WHO is also working with international experts on the development of methods and instruments to assess physical activity in children under the age of five years of age and under 10 years of age. In addition, WHO is testing the use of digital and wearable technologies, such as pedometers and accelerometers, in national population surveillance of physical activity in adults. This work will be extended to include children and will inform the development of updated global guidance on the monitoring of physical activity and sedentary behaviours.

To support a ‘whole of system’ response, WHO is collaborating across multiple sectors to strengthen coordination, advocacy and alignment of policy and actions. WHO has established partnerships to help support Member States in their efforts to promote physical activity – these include working with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to advance and align the implementation of GAPPA and the Kazan Action Plan on physical education, sports and physical activity. WHO is also working with many other UN agencies in the shared agenda to promote Sport for Development and Peace. Within the sports system WHO is collaborating with the International Olympic Committee and International Sports Federations, The International Federation of Football Associations, FIFA, and others to support and strengthen the promotion of health through sports and the sports for all agenda.

Cardiovascular diseases statistics

Data extracted in August 2021.

Planned article update: October 2022.

There were 1.68 million deaths in the EU from diseases of the circulatory system in 2016.

The standardised death rate for cerebrovascular diseases in Bulgaria in 2018 (which had the highest rate among the EU Member States) was 6.2 times as high as that in France in 2016 (which had the lowest rate).

45 400 heart bypasses were conducted in Germany in 2019.

Hospital discharge rates for in-patients with diseases of the circulatory system, 2019

This article presents an overview of European Union (EU) statistics related to cardiovascular diseases and focuses on the following aspects: cardiovascular health and mortality, as well as cardiovascular healthcare.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the EU. They cover a broad group of medical problems that affect the circulatory system (the heart and blood vessels), often resulting from atherosclerosis, the abnormal build-up of plaque — that is made of, among constituents, cholesterol or fatty substances — that is deposited on the inside walls of a person’s arteries. Some of the most common diseases that affect the circulatory system include ischaemic heart disease (heart attacks) and cerebrovascular diseases (strokes).

This article is one of a set of statistical articles concerning health status in the EU which forms part of an online publication on health statistics.

Deaths from cardiovascular diseases

There were 1.68 million deaths in the EU from diseases of the circulatory system

Diseases of the circulatory system place a considerable burden on healthcare systems and government budgets. Indeed, in 2016 there were 1.68 million deaths resulting from diseases of the circulatory system in the EU, which was equivalent to 37.1 % of all deaths — considerably higher than the second most prevalent cause of death, cancer (malignant neoplasms; 25.8 %).

Diseases of the circulatory system are one of the main causes of mortality in each of the EU Member States (as shown in Table 1): they accounted for 50-60 % of all deaths in the Baltic Member States and Romania, while this share reached rose to close to two thirds (65.8 %) of all deaths in Bulgaria. By contrast, less than one quarter of all deaths in Denmark (22.6 %), France (24.3 %; 2016 data) and the Netherlands (25.0 %) were caused by diseases of the circulatory system.

The largest gaps between the sexes were recorded in the Baltic Member States, Romania and Slovenia, where the proportions of women dying from diseases of the circulatory system were between 11.1 and 15.4 percentage points higher than those for men; the gender imbalance was also relatively large in Croatia and Poland (10.6 and 9.6 percentage points). There were five EU Member States where a higher proportion of men (than women) died from diseases of the circulatory system: in Denmark, the share of male deaths was 1.7 percentage points higher than that for women and in Ireland it was 1.6 percentage points higher; smaller differences were observed in Cyprus, Finland and Sweden.

Cyprus, Spain, the Netherlands, Greece, France (2016 data) and Belgium recorded the lowest gender differences in standardised death rates for diseases of the circulatory system

Standardised death rates are calculated as a weighted average of age-specific death rates and therefore improve comparability both over time and between countries. The EU’s standardised death rate for diseases of the circulatory system was 370 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants in 2016, with the rate for men some 1.4 times as high as that for women.

Standardised death rates for diseases of the circulatory system were systematically higher for men than for women in 2018 across all of the EU Member States, although the differences between the sexes were relatively low compared with most other causes of death. The lowest absolute differences between men and women for standardised death rates for diseases of the circulatory system were recorded in Spain, Greece, the Netherlands, Belgium, Cyprus, Italy and France (2016 data) — for each of these, the difference between the sexes was less than 100 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants.

Deaths in younger ages can be considered as premature. Indeed, Table 1 shows that deaths from diseases of the circulatory system become more common at advanced ages. While this was true for the vast majority of causes of death, the standardised death rate for diseases of the circulatory system among those aged 65 years and over in the EU in 2016 was 38 times as high as the standardised death rate for persons aged less than 65 years; this can be compared with the same ratio for all causes of death, where the standardised death rate for those aged 65 years and over was 20 times as high as for persons aged less than 65 years. Note that the risk of women dying from diseases of the circulatory system was relatively low before the age of 65 years, thus the majority of deaths among women from these diseases occurred after the age of 65 years.

Within the EU, standardised death rates for men were consistently higher than those for women for all forms of diseases of the circulatory system

A more detailed analysis of causes of death for diseases of the circulatory system is presented in Table 2: EU standardised death rates for men in 2016 were higher than those for women for each of the six causes of death presented. For ischaemic heart diseases (codes I20-I25), the standardised death rate for men in the EU was 1.8 times as high as the corresponding rate for women; the difference between the sexes was less marked for other heart diseases (codes I30-I51), cerebrovascular diseases (codes I60-I69) and other diseases of the circulatory system (the remainder of codes I00-I99, not elsewhere covered).

Some of the highest standardised death rates for ischaemic heart diseases were recorded in the Baltic Member States: Lithuania had the highest rate in 2018 for men (660 per 100 000 inhabitants) and for women (408 per 100 000 inhabitants), followed — in different orders for men and women — by Latvia, Hungary, Slovakia, Romania, Czechia, Croatia and Estonia. By contrast, the lowest standardised death rates were recorded in France (2016 data), followed — again in different orders for men and women — by the Benelux Member States, Spain, Portugal and Denmark.

The standardised death rate for cerebrovascular diseases in Bulgaria was 6.2 times as high as the rate in France

In 2018, the highest standardised death rates for cerebrovascular diseases were recorded in Bulgaria, Latvia, Romania, Lithuania and Croatia. By contrast, the lowest rates were recorded in France (2016 data), Luxembourg and Spain; death rates in Norway were slightly higher than the ones in France, while relatively lower rates were observed in Switzerland. As for all diseases of the circulatory system, there were large variations in standardised death rates for cerebrovascular diseases across the EU Member States, with the death rate in Bulgaria in 2018 (where the highest rate was recorded) 6.2 times as high as that in France in 2016 (where the lowest rate was registered).

Self-reporting of hypertensive diseases

The persistent effect of high blood pressure in arteries may lead to chronic failure of vital organs such as the heart, kidneys or brain. The data presented in Figure 1 are derived from the third wave of the European health interview survey (EHIS) which was conducted between 2018 and 2020 and which covered the population aged 15 years and over. The survey included questions on self-assessment of an individual’s health and data on hypertension which are available for all EU Member States, Norway, Serbia and Turkey.

A slightly higher proportion of women than men reported that they had hypertensive diseases

The highest shares of self-reported hypertensive diseases among the population aged 15 years and over were recorded in Croatia (37.3 %), Latvia (31.7 %), Hungary (31.5 %), Lithuania (29.9 %), Bulgaria (29.7 %), and Slovakia (28.4 %). By contrast, the lowest shares were recorded in Ireland (11.6 %), Romania (15.7 %), France (16.5 %) and the Benelux Member States (between 15.5 % and 17.4 %); Norway (15.1 %) and Turkey (16.4 %) also reported relatively low shares.

There were substantial age differences in the prevalence of hypertensive diseases, as the share of the population reporting high blood pressure increased substantially from the age group 25-34 years onwards. In the EU, 3.0 % of the population aged between 25 and 34 years reported hypertensive diseases, while this share rose to more than half (54.6 %) of the population among those aged 75 years and over.

Cardiovascular healthcare

In recent years, there has been a reduction in the number of deaths associated with diseases of the circulatory system across several EU Member States. These changes may have occurred, at least in part, through the introduction of increased screening and new surgical procedures, the introduction of new forms of medication, as well as lifestyle changes for patients (for example, a reduction in the number of smokers).

The number of in-patients with diseases of the circulatory system discharged from hospitals across the EU was 10.4 million in 2018

Hospital discharges of in-patients treated for diseases of the circulatory system show a very large variation across the EU Member States. While absolute figures for discharges are clearly linked to the number of inhabitants in each country, the level of discharges may, among others, also reflect the incidence of each disease and differences in healthcare systems, for example, screening, the balance between day care and in-patient treatment, or the availability of surgeons or hospital beds. In 2018, there were 10.4 million in-patients with diseases of the circulatory system discharged from hospitals across the EU (2016 data for Denmark and Luxembourg; no recent data for Greece).

Bulgaria recorded the highest ratio per inhabitant of hospital discharges for in-patients with diseases of the circulatory system

Bulgaria, Lithuania, Germany (2018 data), Austria, Latvia and Hungary each reported more than 3 000 in-patient discharges per 100 000 inhabitants among those treated for diseases of the circulatory system in 2019. Among these, Bulgaria and Lithuania recorded, by far, the highest ratios: 4 167 in-patient discharges per 100 000 inhabitants in Lithuania and 4 697 per 100 000 inhabitants in Bulgaria (see Figure 2). Cyprus recorded the lowest ratio, some 930 in-patient discharges per 100 000 inhabitants, while Portugal and Ireland were the only other EU Member States with less than 1 200 discharges per 100 000 inhabitants.

In 2019, across the EU, in-patients with diseases of the circulatory system (ICD codes I00-I99) spent a total of 86 million days in hospital (2018 data for Germany, Estonia, Malta and Finland; older data for Denmark and Luxembourg; no recent data for Greece). By far the highest share was accounted for by in-patients in Germany (33.4 % of the total), while Italy (11.7 %) and France (10.3 %) were the only other EU Member States recording double-digit shares.

In-patients with diseases of the circulatory system in Hungary spent, on average, 12.6 days in hospital per stay

When patients are treated for a disease of the circulatory system they tend to spend a relatively lengthy period of time in hospital, reflecting the gravity of some of these conditions. Table 3 presents an analysis of the average length of hospital stays for in-patients treated for a disease of the circulatory system in 2014 and 2019. The average length of stay in 2019 ranged from 4.2 days in Bulgaria up to 12.7 days in Hungary. Relatively lengthy average stays in hospital for in-patients treated for diseases of the circulatory system (between 9.9 and 11.0 days) were also recorded in Czechia, Malta, Austria and Estonia (2018 data).

Among the EU Member States for which data are available (no recent data for Greece), the average length of a hospital stay for those treated for a disease of the circulatory system generally fell between 2014 and 2019. The largest reduction — 3.6 fewer days in hospital — was recorded in Finland (2018 data), while a reduction of 1.1 days was recorded for Croatia. By contrast, the average time spent in hospital rose by 1.5 days in Spain, by 0.9 days in Portugal and by 0.6 days in Lithuania, with smaller increases in Hungary, Luxembourg (2013-2016), Cyprus, Austria, Slovenia, Poland, Italy and Estonia (2018 data); these were the only Member States to record an increase in the average time spent in hospital by those treated for diseases of the circulatory system.

Table 3 also provides a more detailed analysis of the average length of hospital stays for in-patients treated for four different types of circulatory disease. On average, in-patients with cerebrovascular diseases (codes I60-I69) spent the highest number of days in hospital, followed by those treated for heart failure (code I50) or atherosclerosis (code I70).

Transluminal coronary angioplasty was a common form of intervention for patients treated for cardiovascular diseases

Table 4 provides an overview of the rates (number of surgical operations and procedures conducted in hospitals per 100 000 inhabitants) for two procedures for cardiovascular diseases. The more common of the two was transluminal coronary angioplasty, which is a non-surgical procedure used to treat coronary arteries that have been narrowed by feeding a deflated balloon through blood vessels until it reaches the site of the blockage before inflating the balloon to open up the artery (allowing blood to flow normally).

Across the 23 EU Member States for which data are available, there were 1.1 million transluminal coronary angioplasty procedures conducted in 2019 (2018 data for Malta and the Netherlands; 2015 data for Portugal; no recent data for Greece, Latvia, Portugal or Slovakia). Around 31 % (348 556 procedures) of these took place in Germany, which was considerably higher than in any of the other EU Member States; France and Italy were the only other Member States to report in excess of 100 000 procedures, with Poland reporting 98 269. Not only did Germany report the largest number of such operations, but also the second most when taking account of the size of population (see Table 4): 419 transluminal coronary angioplasty procedures were performed in Germany per 100 000 inhabitants. The next highest ratio was 410 per 100 000 inhabitants in Croatia. This procedure was least common in Ireland where it was conducted 120 times per 100 000 inhabitants.

45 398 heart bypasses were conducted in Germany in 2019

Another relatively common operation for patients treated for cardiovascular diseases was a bypass anastomosis for heart revascularisation — also referred to as a heart bypass. This is a surgical procedure whereby arteries to the heart are replaced by blood vessels from another part of the body. There were 159 907 heart bypass operations in 2019 (2018 data for Malta; 2017 data for the Netherlands) in the 24 EU Member States for which data are available (no recent data for Greece, Latvia or Portugal). Germany again recorded the highest number of operations (45 398) and this was the fourth highest frequency when taking account of the population size (54.6 per 100 000 inhabitants), behind Belgium, Croatia, Lithuania and Cyprus. This procedure was least common in Luxembourg and Spain, where it was performed on average 16.3 times per 100 000 inhabitants, and was relatively uncommon in Ireland and Romania as well.

Source data for tables and graphs

Data sources

Key concepts

Healthcare resources and activities

Statistics on healthcare resources (such as personnel and medical equipment) and healthcare activities (such as information on surgical operations and procedures and hospital discharges) are documented in the background article Healthcare non-expenditure statistics — methodology which provides information on the scope of the data, its legal basis, the methodology employed, as well as related concepts and definitions.

For country specific notes on this data collection, please refer to the background information document Eurostat – Health care activities: Surgical Procedures (shortlist) — Definitions.

For hospital discharges and the length of stay in hospitals, the International Shortlist for Hospital Morbidity Tabulation (ISHMT) is used to classify data from 2000 onwards; Chapter IX covers diseases of the circulatory system:

For country specific notes on this data collection, please refer to this background information document Eurostat — Health care activities: Hospital discharges by diagnostic categories — Definitions.

Health status

Self-reported statistics covering the health status of the population for a range of chronic diseases are provided by the European health interview survey (EHIS). This source is documented in more detail in the background article European health interview survey — methodology which provides information on the scope of the data, its legal basis, the methodology employed, as well as related concepts and definitions. The data presented in this article refer to the share of the population aged 15 years and over reporting that they had been diagnosed by a medical doctor with high blood pressure (hypertension) which occurred in the 12 months prior to the survey.

Causes of death

Statistics on causes of death provide information on mortality patterns, supplying information on developments over time in the underlying causes of death. This source is documented in more detail in the background article Causes of death statistics — methodology which provides information on the scope of the data, its legal basis, the methodology employed, as well as related concepts and definitions.

Causes of death are classified according to the European shortlist (86 causes), which is based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD). Chapter IX of the ICD covers diseases of the circulatory system:

For country specific notes on this data collection, please refer to the background information document Annex: country-specific metadata for causes of death data collection.

Symbols

Context

Statistics concerning cardiovascular diseases are of particular significance insofar as these diseases are the principal cause of death within the EU. Increased prevention, especially for heart disease and strokes, has resulted in the number of people who face disability, reduced quality of life and premature death being reduced across most of Europe. Nevertheless, cardiovascular diseases continue to touch the lives of millions of Europeans each day.

The European Commission convened a conference in June 2005 to discuss the implementation of a set of Council conclusions on heart health, adopting the Luxembourg declaration. This established an agreement to pursue or strengthen cardiovascular disease prevention plans and to ensure that effective measures, policies, and interventions were put in place across all European countries, giving priority to lifestyle oriented interventions to reduce the burden of these diseases, including:

As part of this work, the European Commission and the World Health Organisation (WHO) requested the assistance of the European society of cardiology and the European heart network to set-up the European heart health charter, which was launched in June 2007. It states that cardiovascular disease is estimated to cost the EU economy €169 billion per year (or an average of €372 per inhabitant). The charter aims to substantially reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in the EU and the WHO European region and to reduce inequities in disease burden within and between countries, by informing Europeans about the risk factors and costs associated with cardiovascular diseases.

World Health Statistics 2013

Attachments

WHO statistics show narrowing health gap between countries with best and worst health status

GENEVA / 15 May 2013 – The world has made dramatic progress in improving health in the poorest countries and narrowing the gaps between countries with the best and worst health status in the past two decades, according to the World Health Statistics 2013. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) annual statistics report highlights how efforts to meet the MDGs have reduced health gaps between the most-advantaged and least-advantaged countries.

As the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) approach the 2015 deadline, this year’s World Health Statistics shows the considerable progress made in reducing child and maternal deaths, improving nutrition and reducing deaths and illness from HIV infection, tuberculosis and malaria.

“Intensive efforts to achieve the MDGs have clearly improved health for people all over the world,” says Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of WHO. “But with less than 1000 days to go to reach the MDG deadline, it is timely to ask if these efforts have made a difference in reducing the unacceptable inequities between the richest and poorest countries.”

This year, the World Health Statistics compares progress made by countries with the best health status and those with least-favourable health status at the MDG baseline year of 1990 and again two decades later.

For example, the absolute gap in child mortality between the top and bottom countries was reduced from 171 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 107 deaths per 1000 live births in 2011. Some countries that were among those with the world’s highest child mortality rates in 1990 – including Bangladesh, Bhutan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Madagascar, Nepal, Rwanda, Senegal and Timor-Leste – have improved child survival to such an extent that they no longer belong to that group.

In 1990, countries with the highest rates of women dying in pregnancy and childbirth had on average 915 more maternal deaths per 100 000 live births than countries with the lowest rates. By 2010, this gap had narrowed to 512 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births. Unfortunately the global rate of decline (of 3%) will need to double to achieve the MDG target of reducing maternal mortality ratio by three quarters.

The gap between countries with the highest and lowest rates of new HIV infections narrowed from 360 to 261 people per 100 000 population between 1990 and 2011. While new HIV infections increased six-fold for countries with the lowest rates, the group of countries with the highest rates have cut new HIV infections by 27%.

Globally, tuberculosis (TB) deaths have decreased by more than 40% since 1990 and the trend indicates that this will reach 50% by 2015. The gap has narrowed between the top and bottom groups of countries from 62 TB deaths in 1990 to 41 deaths per 100 000 population in 2011. Progress in reducing TB deaths however has not been even, with just 34% reduction in countries with the highest TB death rates compared to 70% in countries with the lowest rates.

“Our statistics show that overall the gaps are closing between the most-advantaged and least-advantaged countries of the world,” says Dr Ties Boerma, Director of the Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems at WHO. “However, the situation is far from satisfactory as progress is uneven and large gaps persist between and within countries. ”

Other key trends in this year’s report include:

Preterm births: Every year around 15 million babies are born preterm (before 37 weeks of pregnancy) and one million of them die. Preterm birth is the world’s leading killer of newborn babies and the second most important cause of death (after pneumonia) in all children aged less than 5 years.

Diabetes: Almost 10% of the world’s adult population has diabetes, measured by elevated fasting blood glucose (≥126mg/dl). People with diabetes have increased risk of stroke and are 10 times more likely to need a lower limb amputation than people who do not have diabetes.

Access to medicines: Many low- and middle-income countries face a scarcity of medicines in the public sector, forcing people to the private sector where prices can be up to 16 times higher. In these countries, an average of only 57% (and as little as 3%) of selected generic medicines are available in the public sector.

About the World health statistics

Published annually by WHO, the World Health Statistics is the most comprehensive publication of health-related global statistics available. It contains data from 194 countries on a range of mortality, disease and health system indicators including life expectancy, illnesses and deaths from key diseases, health services and treatments, financial investment in health, as well as risk factors and behaviours that affect health.

Suicide Rate by Country 2022

Countries with the Highest Suicide Rates

Suicide occurs throughout the world, affecting individuals of all nations, cultures, religions, genders, and classes. Other innate factors, such as disorders of the mind and abnormalities at birth, can heighten someone’s propensity for experiencing depression, whether as the occasional episode or a lifelong ailment. To lower the rates of deaths resulting from suicide, countries need to address many common underlying factors that add up and make someone more likely to choose suicide as an outlet. Depression rates are one factor that holds serious importance, but other factors to take into consideration are academic, performance, physical condition, mental health and well-being, economic standing, financial struggles, workplace performance, and overall life satisfaction.

In 2019, the ten countries with the highest suicide rates (number of suicides per 100k) were:

The only western European nation with an exceptionally high suicide rate is Belgium, which ranks at number eleven with 18.3 suicides per 100k. However, it is worth noting that Belgium has some of the world’s most liberal laws on doctor-assisted suicide, also known as euthanasia, which is likely to be a factor in its statistics.

Countries with the Lowest Suicide Rates

Perhaps surprisingly, many of the most troubled nations in the world have comparatively low suicide rates. Afghanistan has 4.1 suicides per 100k; Iraq has 3.6, and Syria has just 2.0. It is not clear if the suicide statistics for these countries reflect suicides committed due to mental health problems and terminal illnesses (which are the primary reasons for suicide in most of the world) or include suicides committed as part of the ongoing conflicts in these countries.

The world’s lowest suicide rates are in the following countries:

Suicide in South Korea

According to the World Health Organization, the suicide rate in South Korea is the fourth highest in the world. One factor in its high suicide rate is suicides among the elderly. Traditionally, children have been expected to care for their aging parents; however, because this system has mostly disappeared in the twenty-first century, many older adults commit suicide, rather than feel like they are a financial burden on their families. In addition to the elderly, students have higher-than-average suicide rates, at least partly because they feel high levels of pressure to succeed academically. When they do not achieve their goals, they may feel that they have dishonored their families. Alcohol use, sleep deprivation, stress, and poor social relationships can put students at increased risk of suicide.

One of the most common methods of committing suicide in South Korea is poisoning via carbon monoxide. Additionally, many choose to jump off a bridge. In Seoul, the Mapo Bridge has earned the nickname «The Bridge of Death» or «Suicide Bridge» because of how many people jump off it. The government of South Korea is making efforts to curb the suicide epidemic. It strives to increase mental healthcare access, a necessity as 90% of suicide victims in South Korea may have a diagnosable and treatable mental health condition. It is also providing education to community leaders to help prevent suicides at a local level.

Suicide in Japan

Japan’s total numbers place it significantly outside the top 10, but suicide is nonetheless a serious concern there. Suicide is the leading cause of death in men between the ages of 20-44 and women between the ages of 15-34. The government has been active in intervention to decrease the risk of suicide, particularly among vulnerable populations. Japanese men are twice as likely to commit suicide as their female counterparts, particularly after a divorce. Of particular concern is suicide among men who have recently lost their jobs and are no longer able to provide for their families. People are expected to stay married to a single person and stay on a single job for their entire life, and the pressure of this expectation can make a divorce or job loss feel like a failure. Aokigahara Forest, at the base of Japan’s Mount Fuji, is a hotspot for suicides, as hundreds of people go there each year to end their lives. Police regularly patrol the area for suicide victims and survivors.

Suicide in Sweden

In 2019, Sweden had 14.7 suicides per 100,000 people. Historically, Sweden has had a high suicide rate, with the most suicides in the developed world during the 1960s. That may have been due, at least in part, to cultural attitudes regarding suicide and long, dark winters, particularly in the northern regions. The government responded to the crisis with social welfare and mental health services, and the numbers have dropped dramatically. Today, Scandinavian countries – Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland – have very high happiness rates and relatively low suicide rates. However, the dark winters – 20 hours of darkness or more in each day in some areas – causes seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a form of depression, which has been known to correlate with higher rates of suicide.

Euthanasia, or physician-assisted suicide, is still illegal in Sweden but is accepted in some instances. A physician may not administer lethal drugs to a terminally ill patient, but he or she may end life support of the patient requests doing so and demonstrates that they understand the consequences. This form of physician-assisted suicide, known as passive euthanasia, is not included in suicide statistics. Active euthanasia, when a physician administers lethal drugs to a terminally ill patient with the patient and family’s consent, may soon become legal in Sweden, as it is becoming more accepted in European countries.

Suicide in China

In China, suicide is the fifth leading cause of death and accounts for over one-quarter of suicides worldwide. In contrast with many Western countries, in which men are more likely to commit suicide, most suicide victims in China are women. China’s economic boom has led to greater independence for women, who are now much more able to get divorced as a means of dealing with domestic violence. However, the strain of divorce means that they must work long hours while raising their children, often without family support that the culture has traditionally relied on in the past.

When women show the strain of their stressful lives and are admitted to a hospital for psychiatric care, they are likely to be discharged much sooner than their male counterparts. They feel that they need to return to their jobs and families as quickly as possible, even if they are not ready to do so. Additionally, many insurances do not cover hospital stays in cases of attempted suicide. These strains have exacerbated suicide among Chinese women. People in rural parts of China are five times more likely to commit suicide than people in cities. This notion may be attributed to a lack of mental healthcare, the stigma associated with mental illnesses (such as schizophrenia), poverty, and poor education. However, exact statistics are hard to come by because the Chinese government has carried out few to no epidemiological studies on suicide. Most suicide attempts in China are carried out with a pesticide or other poison.

Here are the 10 countries with the highest rates of suicide:

World health organization statistics

Significant progress towards several health-related SDGs increased average life expectancy at birth by 5.5 years globally between 2000 and 2016: from 66.5 to 72.0 years (1). Many of the health-related SDG indicators tracked in this report have shown improvements, much of it reflecting momentum that was built during the preceding Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era and sustained subsequently.¹ For several indicators, however, advances are currently stalling or are progressing too slowly to achieve the relevant SDG targets.

Life expectancy remains profoundly influenced by income: In 2016, it was 18.1 years lower in low-income countries (62.7 years) than in high-income countries.

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era (2000—2015) showed that the world can work together towards a common set of global goals with success. Improvements were made in many areas of health and well-being. Maternal and child survival improved, and mortality from infectious diseases, notably human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, TB, malaria and neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) declined. The SDGs, ratified by UN Member States in 2015, are aimed at sustaining the progress made through the MDG efforts.

A total of 295 000 [UI¹ 80%: 279 000—340 000] women worldwide lost their lives during and following pregnancy and childbirth in.

Compared with the advances against communicable diseases, there has been inadequate progress in preventing and controlling premature death from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, countries need comprehensive strategies to reduce these causes of death more effectively in order to achieve global targets by 2030.

An estimated 41 million people worldwide died of NCDs in 2016, equivalent to 71% of all deaths. Four NCDs caused most of those deaths: cardiovascular diseases (17.9 million deaths), cancer (9.0 million deaths), chronic respiratory diseases (3.8 million deaths), and diabetes (1.6 million deaths) (1).

The probability of dying from any one of the four main NCDs.

Global monitoring of progress towards the health-related SDG goals and targets, and the WHO’s GPW13, requires high-quality country data for tracking changes against specific indicators.

Ideally, global monitoring should use country-level data that are produced by national statistical systems. Those data should be comprehensive, accurate and comparable across countries and over time. Despite substantial progress in recent decades, however, national statistical systems and the health data they generate often have limitations. For example, administrative reporting systems (such as civil registration and vital statistics systems, and routine facility-based health information systems) may have incomplete coverage. Surveys may not be nationally representative.

Accurate, timely and comparable health-related statistics are essential for understanding health trends. Decision-makers need the information to develop appropriate policies, allocate resources and prioritize interventions. The data are also vital for Member States to monitor the impact of their efforts to achieve the SDG targets.

The health-related SDGs require numerous data systems to be functioning in each country, including civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS), routine health facility reporting and other administrative data, household and other population-based surveys, surveillance systems, and other sources. Some indicators also rely on non-health sector data sources (1). It is important to develop integrated health.

Mental health and related issues statistics

Data extracted in August 2020.

Planned article update: October 2022.

3.7 % of all deaths in the EU in 2016 resulted from mental and behavioural disorders.

Across the vast majority of EU Member States, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease were the most common causes of death from mental, behavioural and nervous disorders.

In 2018, approximately 13.5 % of all hospital beds in the EU were psychiatric care beds.

Number of psychiatrists, 2018

This article presents an overview of European Union (EU) statistics related to mental and behavioural disorders, Alzheimer’s disease (which is a disease of the nervous system) and intentional self-harm (which is an external cause of morbidity and mortality). It focuses on four aspects:

Mental and behavioural disorders include, for example, dementias (chronic or persistent mental disorders characterised by memory disorder, personality change and impaired reasoning), schizophrenia, and lifestyle influenced disorders (such as alcohol use or drug dependence).

Note that this article generally does not cover diseases of the nervous system, but because Alzheimer’s disease may be linked to mental disorders, that particular disease is combined with the data for dementia in Tables 2 and 5 concerning causes of death and the average length of in-patients stays in hospital. Like dementia, Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder; it can be difficult to distinguish these two disorders as their symptoms are often quite similar. The aetio-pathological difference between vascular dementia (when dementia symptoms occur because of problems with the brain’s blood supply, for example through a stroke) and brain disorders caused by Alzheimer’s disease can be made post-mortem, through an autopsy.

This article is one of a set of statistical articles concerning health status in the EU which forms part of an online publication on health statistics.

Deaths from mental and behavioural disorders, Alzheimer’s disease and intentional self-harm

In 2016, there were 165 000 deaths in the EU-27 resulting from mental and behavioural disorders, equivalent to 3.7 % of all deaths. Table 1 shows that, in 2017, the proportion of deaths in the Netherlands (8.5 %) from mental and behavioural disorders was more than twice as high as the EU-27 average (2016 data), while mental and behavioural disorders also accounted for at least 1 in 20 deaths in Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, Germany, Luxembourg, Malta, Belgium and Spain. Among the non-member countries shown in Table 1, 9.3 % of all deaths in the United Kingdom were also attributed to mental and behavioural disorders as were 8.6 % in Switzerland and 7.6 % in Norway. By contrast, less than 1.0 % of all deaths were from mental and behavioural disorders in four of the EU Member States, with this share as low as 0.1 % in Romania and Bulgaria; a share of 0.1 % was also recorded in Turkey.

A higher share of women (than men) in the EU-27 died from mental and behavioural disorders: 4.5 % of deaths among women in 2016 compared with 2.8 % among men. This pattern was repeated in 2017 across most of the EU Member States and was most pronounced in the Netherlands where the difference between the sexes in these shares was 4.5 percentage points. By contrast, a higher share of the total number of deaths among men (rather than women) was attributed to mental and behavioural disorders in Slovenia, Poland, Estonia and Romania; there was no difference between the shares for men and women in Bulgaria.

The EU-27’s standardised death rate for mental and behavioural disorders was 36.9 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants in 2016; the death rate for men was only slightly higher than that for women — see Table 1. This pattern was repeated in 2017 in most EU Member States, with the largest difference in Slovenia, where the gender gap was 23.7 more deaths per 100 000 inhabitants for men than for women. Standardised death rates for mental and behavioural disorders were higher for women (than men) in Spain, Lithuania, Italy, Sweden, Greece, Cyprus, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Malta and most notably Ireland (where the difference between the rates was 13.2 more deaths per 100 000 inhabitants for women).

Deaths in younger ages can be considered as premature. Indeed, Table 1 also shows clearly that mental and behavioural disorders were a particularly common cause of death at advanced ages. The EU-27’s standardised death rate from mental and behavioural disorders for those aged 65 years and over was 44 times as high in 2016 as the standardised death rate for persons aged less than 65 years; this can be compared with the same ratio for all causes of death, where the death rate for those aged 65 years and over was 20 times as high.

Among mental and behavioural disorders, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease were the most common causes of death in the EU-27, although deaths due to the use of alcohol were more common among men in Slovenia and Poland

A more detailed analysis of causes of death is presented in Table 2 for a selection of mental and behavioural disorders, including data for Alzheimer’s disease combined with the data for dementia. As can be seen, the leading causes of death from mental and behavioural disorders among both men and women were dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) codes F00-03 and G30). Nevertheless, the standardised death rate for mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of alcohol (code F10) was also relatively high in 2017 in some EU Member States, notably among men in Slovenia, Denmark, Poland, Latvia, Austria, Germany and Estonia. In fact, among men, the standardised death rate for mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of alcohol was higher than for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in Slovenia and Poland.

Standardised death rates for other mental and behavioural disorders (codes F04-09, F17 and F20-99) were relatively low for men and women, with rates below 6.0 per 100 000 inhabitants for men and 5.0 per 100 000 inhabitants for women in 2017 in all but one of the EU Member States. The exception to this pattern was Croatia, where the rate for men stood at 9.2 per 100 000 inhabitants and that for women at 9.7 per 100 000 inhabitants.

Standardised death rates for drug dependence and toxicomania were even lower, with rates in most EU Member States below 1.0 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2017. The only exceptions to this pattern were recorded for men in Austria (where the highest rate was recorded, at 1.4 per 100 000 inhabitants), Germany and Denmark.

Men 3.8 times as likely as women to die from intentional self-harm

In 2016, the standardised death rate for intentional self-harm (codes X60-84 and Y87.0) was 10.8 per 100 000 inhabitants for the EU-27, with the rate for men 3.8 times as high as that for women (see Table 3). It should be noted that the comparability of data on intentional self-harm is thought to be limited due to an under reporting of suicides in some EU Member States (possibly due to cultural stigma and other reasons).

The highest standardised death rate for intentional self-harm in 2017 among the EU Member States was recorded for Lithuania (25.8 per 100 000 inhabitants), followed at some distance by Slovenia, Latvia, Estonia and Hungary, each with rates within the range of 16.7-19.6 per 100 000 inhabitants. Rates between 7.2 and 15.4 per 100 000 inhabitants were recorded for most of the other EU Member States, with Italy (6.0 per 100 000 inhabitants), Malta (5.3 per 100 000 inhabitants), Greece (4.5 per 100 000 inhabitants) and Cyprus (4.1 per 100 000 inhabitants) below this range.

In all EU Member States, standardised death rates for intentional self-harm for men were higher than those for women in 2017, ranging from 2.2 times as high in the Netherlands to 7.0 times as high in Poland, with the largest absolute difference in Lithuania where the rate for women was 9.1 per 100 000 inhabitants and the rate for men was 47.2 per 100 000 inhabitants.

The standardised death rate for intentional self-harm in the EU-27 was higher for persons aged 65 years and over (17.1 per 100 000 inhabitants) than for younger people (9.2 per 100 000 inhabitants) in 2016. This situation, a higher standardised death rate for older people, was observed in 2017 for all EU Member States except for Cyprus and Ireland, where the rates for younger people were higher than those for older people; this was also the case in the United Kingdom, Iceland and Liechtenstein (where there were no deaths in 2017 from intentional self-harm among people aged 65 years or over). For both of the age groups shown in Table 3, all of the Member States reported higher standardised death rates for intentional self-harm for men than for women.

Extent of depressive disorders

Women reported depressive disorders more often than men

Depressive disorders cover single depressive episodes and recurrent depressive disorders (codes F32-33). In typical depressive episodes: the patient suffers from lowering of mood, reduction of energy, and decrease in activity; the patient’s capacity for enjoyment, interest, and concentration is reduced, and marked tiredness after even minimum effort is common; sleep is usually disturbed and appetite diminished; self-esteem and self-confidence are almost always reduced and, even in a mild form, some ideas of guilt or worthlessness are often present.

The second wave of the European health interview survey (EHIS) was conducted between 2013 and 2015 and covers persons aged 15 years and over. The survey included questions on self-assessment of an individual’s health and data on chronic diseases diagnosed by a medical doctor and which occurred during the previous 12 months. These data are available for all EU Member States, the United Kingdom, Iceland, Norway and Turkey. The next wave of the survey was conducted in 2019 and it will be run at regular five-year intervals afterwards.

In 2014, 6.9 % of the EU-27 population reported having chronic depression. With 12.1 %, Ireland topped the ranking for the share of its population reporting chronic depression, while double-digit shares were also recorded in Portugal, Germany and Finland; an even higher share was recorded in Iceland (14.8 %), while Turkey also recorded a double-digit share (11.0 %). The proportion of people reporting depression was less than 4.0 % in Czechia, Cyprus, Bulgaria and Romania.

The proportion of people who had depressive disorders was higher for women than for men in each of the EU Member States; this pattern was also repeated in the United Kingdom, Iceland, Norway and Turkey. The share of women reporting chronic depression peaked in Portugal at 17.2 %, which contributed towards Portugal recording the largest gender gap: the share of Portuguese women reporting chronic depression was 11.3 percentage points higher than the corresponding share for Portuguese men. Gaps of at least 5.0 percentage points were also recorded in Spain, Latvia and Sweden; this was also the case in Turkey.

1 in 10 people in the EU-27 aged 75 years and over reported chronic depression

Looking across the age groups in Table 4 from youngest to oldest, within the EU-27 the share of people reporting depression generally increased with age; that said, there was a relatively low prevalence of chronic depression among the young (compared with most other diseases). The only exception to the pattern of increasing prevalence with age was for the class covering people aged 65-74 years, where the prevalence of depression was lower than for people aged 45-54 and 55-64 years.

In 15 of the EU Member States, self-perceived chronic depression peaked within the age group covering people aged 75 years and over. In Portugal, more than one in every five people between the ages of 65 and 74 years reported having chronic depression. In another six of the Member States the share was highest among people aged 55-64 years and in three others it was highest between 45 and 54 years of age. By contrast, the highest share of people reporting chronic depression in Denmark was among those aged 35-44 years (9.8 %), while in Sweden it was among those aged 25-34 years (13.1 %). The pattern in Iceland was almost the reverse of the general situation witnessed for the whole of the EU-27 insofar as the highest proportion of the population reporting chronic depression was recorded among those aged 15-24 years (21.7 %), a share that fell with age to 7.9 % among those aged 65-74 years, before climbing to 10.0 % for those aged 75 years and over.

People living in EU cities were most likely to report chronic depression disorders

Except for the demographic factors analysed so far, the prevalence of chronic depression is also related to the degree of urbanisation. Figure 2 reveals that people living in cities were more likely to suffer from chronic depression. In 2014, 7.6 % of people living in cities in the EU-27 reported depression. This share was higher than the shares for people living in towns and suburbs (6.9 %) or in rural areas (6.1 %).

Concerning the analysis by degree of urbanisation, the majority of EU Member States can be classified into two distinct groups displaying opposite patterns: those in which the chronic depression rate was higher among those living in cities and those in which rural areas accounted for the highest rates of chronic depression. In the first group, the highest proportions were recorded in Ireland (13.2 %), Portugal (13.0 %), Germany (11.7 %) and Finland (11.3 %). Among the eight Member States composing the second group, Sweden (10.2 %) and Spain (8.6 %) recorded the highest rates within rural areas. Only in Luxembourg, Latvia and Lithuania (as well as Iceland among the three non-member countries shown in Figure 2), were the rates for chronic depression highest for people living in towns and suburbs; they ranged from 5.5 % in Lithuania to 10.6 % in Luxembourg, with the rate in Iceland even higher (17.4 %).

Mental healthcare

In 2018, there were 3.8 million in-patients with mental and behavioural disorders who were discharged from hospitals in the EU (2017 data for Germany and Malta; 2016 data for Denmark and Luxembourg; 2015 data for Portugal; no recent data for Greece). In-patient discharges of people treated for mental and behavioural disorders accounted for 7.7 % of the total number of in-patient hospital discharges in Luxembourg (2016 data), 7.6 % in Latvia, 7.5 % in Finland and 7.0 % in Sweden, while these diseases accounted for less than 1.0 % of all in-patient discharges in the Netherlands.

Relative to population size, Germany (2017 data), Romania, Austria, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland and France recorded the highest number of in-patient discharges for those treated for mental and behavioural disorders in 2018, from 1 200 to 1 700 per 100 000 inhabitants. This is more than 10 times as high as the equivalent ratios for Cyprus and the Netherlands, where the lowest ratios were recorded.

Particularly long average length of stay for in-patients with mental and behavioural disorders

Across the EU-27, in-patients with mental and behavioural disorders (ICD codes F00-F99) spent a total of 95.0 million days in hospital (2018 data except: 2017 data for Germany and Malta; 2016 data for Denmark and Luxembourg; 2015 data for Portugal; no recent data for Greece).

Table 5 presents an analysis of the average length of hospital stays for in-patients treated for mental and behavioural disorders in 2013 and 2018. In 2018, this ranged from 9.3 days in Belgium up to 41.0 days in Czechia and 56.4 days in Spain. In nearly all of the EU Member States, these were the longest average lengths of stay of all the categories in the International Shortlist for Hospital Morbidity Tabulation.

Among 10 of the 25 EU Member States for which data are available (no comparison available for Greece or Portugal), the average length of a hospital stay for people treated for mental and behavioural disorders fell between 2013 and 2018; the largest reductions were recorded in Finland and Malta (2013-2017), down 14.8 and 25.4 days respectively. In Luxembourg (2013-2016) and Czechia there was hardly any change in the average length of stay, both up 0.1 days. Of the 13 Member States that recorded larger increases in the average time spent in hospital for these disorders, increases were generally under 6.0 days, although much larger increases were observed in Latvia (9.9 days), France (17.2 days) and Spain (31.1 days).

The remainder of Table 5 provides a more detailed analysis of the average length of hospital stays for in-patients diagnosed with six different types of mental and behavioural disorders; data for in-patients treated for Alzheimer’s disease are again combined with the data for dementia. Generally, in-patients with schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (codes F20-29) and with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (codes F00-03 and G30) spent the highest average number of days in hospital, whereas those with disorders related to the use of alcohol (code F10) or psychoactive substances (codes F11-19) generally spent less time in hospital.

Healthcare beds and personnel

Falling numbers of psychiatric beds in hospitals but increasing numbers of psychiatrists

In 2018, there were 324 000 psychiatric care beds in hospitals in the EU-27, equivalent to 13.5 % of all hospital beds. This share exceeded one quarter in the Netherlands (27.0 %), and exceeded one fifth in Malta (24.4 %), Belgium (24.1 %) and Latvia (22.3 %). By contrast, it was below one tenth in Poland (9.5 %), Austria (8.0 %), Bulgaria (7.5 %), Cyprus (5.4 %) and Italy (2.8 %).

Figure 4 shows the number of psychiatric care beds in hospitals relative to the size of population and this shows a similar list of EU Member States with particularly high or low values, ranging from 8.9 per 100 000 inhabitants in Italy to 135.2 per 100 000 inhabitants in Belgium. Between 2013 and 2018 the number of psychiatric care beds in hospitals relative to the size of population fell in most EU Member States with the notable exception of Greece where there was relatively fast growth, as well as the exceptions of Germany (2013-2017) and Romania where the growth rate was more subdued.

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialise in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. They have post-graduate training in psychiatry and may also have additional training in a psychiatric speciality, such as neuropsychiatry or child psychiatry. In 2018, there were around 83 000 psychiatrists in the 26 EU Member States for which data are available (2017 data for Luxembourg, Poland and Sweden; 2015 data for Finland; no recent data for Slovakia). There were between 9.2 and 27.5 psychiatrists per 100 000 inhabitants across those EU Member States for which data are available (see Figure 5), with the highest numbers of psychiatrists relative to the size of population in Germany and Greece and the lowest in Poland (2017 data) and Bulgaria.

Psychologists study the mind and its functions, in particular in relation to individual and social behaviour. The second wave of the EHIS included questions asking respondents about their medical consultations with various specialists, including psychologists, psychotherapists or psychiatrists; the survey’s coverage was persons aged 15 years and over.

On average, the percentage of persons who reported having consulted a psychologist, psychotherapist, or psychiatrist in the 12 months prior to the 2014 EHIS survey was higher among women (6.6 %) than men (4.4 %). This pattern was apparent across almost all EU Member States (see Figure 6), the exceptions being: Croatia and Malta, where the proportion was higher for men than for women; Romania, where the proportions for the two sexes were the same. The largest gender differences were in Sweden (6.7 percentage points), Denmark (6.6 p.p.) and Finland (4.2 p.p.); a similar situation was observed in Iceland (where the difference between the sexes was 6.5 percentage points).

Overall (men and women combined), the proportion of the population aged 15 years and over that had consulted a psychologist, psychotherapist or psychiatrist in the 12 months prior to the survey was between 2.1 % and 8.1 % in most EU Member States: the shares in Sweden (8.6 %), the Netherlands (8.7 %), Germany (9.4 %) and Denmark (10.4 %) were above this range; the shares in Bulgaria (1.6 %), Cyprus (1.1 %) and Romania (0.3 %) were below it. Iceland also recorded a high proportion (11.0 %).

Source data for tables and graphs

Data sources

Key concepts

An in-patient is a patient who is formally admitted (or ‘hospitalised’) to an institution for treatment and/or care and stays for a minimum of one night or more than 24 hours in the hospital or other institution providing in-patient care. An in-patient or day care patient is discharged from hospital when formally released after a procedure or course of treatment (episode of care). A discharge may occur because of the finalisation of treatment, signing out against medical advice, transfer to another healthcare institution, or because of death.

Healthcare resources and activities

Statistics on healthcare resources (such as beds and personnel) and healthcare activities (such as information on hospital discharges) are documented in this background article which provides information on the scope of the data, its legal basis, the methodology employed, as well as related concepts and definitions.

For hospital discharges and the length of stay in hospitals, the International Shortlist for Hospital Morbidity Tabulation (ISHMT) is used to classify data from 2000 onwards; Chapter V covers mental and behavioural disorders and Chapter VI covers diseases of the nervous system (which includes Alzheimer’s disease):

For country specific notes on this data collection, please refer to this background information document.

Health status

Self-reported statistics covering the health status of the population for a range of chronic diseases is provided by the European health interview survey (EHIS). This source is documented in more detail in this background article which provides information on the scope of the data, its legal basis, the methodology employed, as well as related concepts and definitions. The data presented in this article refer to the share of the population aged 15 years and over reporting to have been diagnosed by a medical doctor with depression which occurred during the 12 months prior to the survey.

Causes of death

Statistics on causes of death provide information on mortality patterns, supplying information on developments over time in the underlying causes of death. This source is documented in more detail in this background article which provides information on the scope of the data, its legal basis, the methodology employed, as well as related concepts and definitions.

Causes of death are classified according to the European shortlist (86 causes), which is based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD). Chapter V of the ICD covers mental and behavioural disorders, Chapter VI covers diseases of the nervous system (including Alzheimer’s disease) and Chapter XX covers external causes of mortality (including intentional self-harm):

For country specific notes on this data collection, please refer to this background information document.

Symbols

Context

Mental and behavioural disorders make up one of the largest categories of diseases in the EU. In 2018, the number of in-patient bed days for mental and behavioural disorders in the EU was 95.0 million (2017 data for Germany and Malta; 2016 data for Denmark and Luxembourg; 2015 data for Portugal; no recent data for Greece), which was the largest number among all categories of diseases and conditions, just ahead of diseases of the circulatory system. An additional 1.5 million in-patient bed days were recorded for patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (2017 data for Germany and Malta; 2016 data for Denmark and Luxembourg; 2015 data for Portugal; no recent data for Estonia or Greece). Nevertheless, it is believed that many mild to moderate mental disorders are under-diagnosed and consequently untreated and not reported within these official statistics.

As well as being important for individuals, good mental health is important for society. Mental health issues impact on economic performance through productivity losses and increased work-disability costs and may also create a burden for educational and justice systems.

In 2009 and 2011, the pact was implemented by way of five conferences, one for each priority; two further conferences were held on ‘Mental health: challenges and possibilities’ (October 2013) and ‘Youth mental health’ (December 2014). In 2013, a joint action on mental health and wellbeing was launched. This action built on previous work developed under the European pact and was carried out until 2018. Its objective was to contribute to the promotion of mental health and well-being, the prevention of mental disorders, and the improvement of care and social inclusion of people with mental disorders in Europe.

The joint action resulted in the European Framework for Action on Mental Health and Wellbeing, which supports EU Member States to review their policies and share experiences in improving policy efficiency and effectiveness. It aims to:

World Health Statistics 2014

Attachments

WHO: Large gains in life expectancy

15 May 2014 / GENEVA – People everywhere are living longer, according to the World Health Statistics 2014 published today by the World Health Organization (WHO). Based on global averages, a girl who was born in 2012 can expect to live to around 73 years, and a boy to the age of 68. This is six years longer than the average global life expectancy for a child born in 1990.

WHO’s annual statistics report shows that low-income countries have made the greatest progress, with an average increase in life expectancy by 9 years from 1990 to 2012. The top six countries where life expectancy increased the most were Liberia which saw a 20-year increase (from 42 years in 1990 to 62 years in 2012) followed by Ethiopia (from 45 to 64 years), Maldives (58 to 77 years), Cambodia (54 to 72 years), Timor-Leste (50 to 66 years) and Rwanda (48 to 65 years).

“An important reason why global life expectancy has improved so much is that fewer children are dying before their fifth birthday,” says Dr Margaret Chan, WHO Director-General. “But there is still a major rich-poor divide: people in high-income countries continue to have a much better chance of living longer than people in low-income countries.”

Gaps between rich and poor countries

A boy born in 2012 in a high-income country can expect to live to the age of around 76 – 16 years longer than a boy born in a low-income country (age 60). For girls, the difference is even wider; a gap of 19 years separates life expectancy in high-income (82 years) and low-income countries (63 years).

Wherever they live in the world, women live longer than men. The gap between male and female life expectancy is greater in high-income countries where women live around six years longer than men. In low-income countries, the difference is around three years.

Women in Japan have the longest life expectancy in the world at 87 years, followed by Spain, Switzerland and Singapore. Female life expectancy in all the top 10 countries was 84 years or longer. Life expectancy among men is 80 years or more in nine countries, with the longest male life expectancy in Iceland, Switzerland and Australia.

“In high-income countries, much of the gain in life expectancy is due to success in tackling noncommunicable diseases,” says Dr Ties Boerma, Director of the Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems at WHO. “Fewer men and women are dying before they get to their 60th birthday from heart disease and stroke. Richer countries have become better at monitoring and managing high blood pressure for example.”

Declining tobacco use is also a key factor in helping people live longer in several countries.

At the other end of the scale, life expectancy for both men and women is still less than 55 years in nine sub-Saharan African countries – Angola, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lesotho, Mozambique, Nigeria and Sierra Leone.

Life expectancy at birth among men and women in 2012 in the 10 top-ranked countries*

Rank Country Life expectancy

1 Iceland 81.2 2 Switzerland 80.7 3 Australia 80.5 4 Israel 80.2 5 Singapore 80.2 6 New Zealand 80.2 7 Italy 80.2 8 Japan 80.0 9 Sweden 80.0 10 Luxembourg 79.7

Rank Country Life expectancy

1 Japan 87.0 2 Spain 85.1 3 Switzerland 85.1 4 Singapore 85.1 5 Italy 85.0 6 France 84.9 7 Australia 84.6 8 Republic of Korea 84.6 9 Luxembourg 84.1 10 Portugal 84.0

*Countries with a population below 250 000 are omitted due to uncertainty in life-expectancy estimates.

Some other key facts from World Health Statistics 2014

The top three causes of years of life lost due to premature death are coronary heart disease, lower respiratory infections (such as pneumonia) and stroke.

Worldwide, a major shift is occurring in the causes and ages of death. In 22 countries (all in Africa), 70% or more of years of life lost (due to premature deaths) are still caused by infectious diseases and related conditions. Meanwhile, in 47 countries (mostly high-income), noncommunicable diseases and injuries cause more than 90% of years of life lost. More than 100 countries are transitioning rapidly towards a greater proportion of deaths from noncommunicable diseases and injuries.

Around 44 million (6.7%) of the world’s children aged less than five years were overweight or obese in 2012. Ten million of these children were in the WHO African Region where levels of child obesity have increased rapidly.

Most deaths among under-fives occur among children born prematurely (17.3%); pneumonia is responsible for the second highest number of deaths (15.2%).

Between 1995 and 2012, 56 million people were successfully treated for tuberculosis and 22 million lives were saved. In 2012, an estimated 450 000 people worldwide developed multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.

Only one-third of all deaths worldwide are recorded in civil registries along with cause-of-death information.

About WHO statistics

Published every year since 2005 by WHO, World Health Statistics is the definitive source of information on the health of the world’s people. It contains data from 194 countries on a range of mortality, disease and health system indicators including life expectancy, illnesses and deaths from key diseases, health services and treatments, financial investment in health, as well as risk factors and behaviours that affect health.

TB Statistics

The global TB statistics show that as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a large drop in the number of people newly diagnosed and reported as having TB.

TB burden 2020

In 2020 an estimated 9.9 million people fell ill with TB.

Globally the number of people newly diagnosed with TB, and reported to national governments, dropped from 7.1 million in 2019 to 5.8 million in 2020. Sixteen countries accounted for 93% of this reduction with India (41%), Indonesia (14%) and the Philippines (12%) the worst affected.

TB not only affects all countries but also all age groups. Overall in 2020 fifty six per cent of notifications were of reports of TB in adult males. Thirty three per cent were adult women. Eleven per cent were children aged 0-14.

In 2020 most TB cases were in the WHO regions of South-East Asia (43%), Africa (25%) and the Western Pacific (18%). There were smaller numbers in the Eastern Mediterranean (8.3%), the Americas (3.0%) and Europe (2.3%).

TB Incidence in high Burden Countries

The 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 86% of all estimated incidence cases worldwide. Eight of these countries accounted for two thirds of the global total. These were:

India (26%), China (8.5%), Indonesia (8.4%), the Philippines (6.0%), Pakistan (5.8%), Nigeria (4.6), Bangladesh (3.6%) and South Africa (3.3%).

There is more about TB in India.

TB Tests

A WHO recommended rapid molecular test was used as the initial diagnostic test for only 1.9 million (33%) of the 5.8 million people newly diagnosed with TB in 2020.

TB related deaths in 2020

There has been an increase in TB deaths in 2020. The increase in TB deaths in 2020 is believed to have resulted from disruptions to diagnosis and treatment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

TB is the second leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, ranking second to COVID-19.

In 2020 the TB statistics show that there were an estimated 1.3 million TB related deaths. There is more about deaths from TB in different countries.

World Health Organisation (WHO) TB statistics

All countries are asked to report their TB figures to the WHO. The people with TB page gives the reported (notified) figures for almost every country in the world.

WHO uses these reported figures to produce estimated TB incidence statistics for each country.

What does TB incidence mean?

TB incidence means the number of people who are estimated to have developed TB in a given period of time, which is normally a year. There will always be various assumptions made in compiling estimates, which is why they can sometimes provide very different figures from the TB statistics based on reported cases.

Declines in TB incidence (the number of people developing TB each year) have slowed almost to a halt. These impacts are forecast by WHO to be much worse in 2021 and 2022.

What does TB prevalence mean?

TB statistics for drug resistant TB

Drug resistant TB is now an increasing problem in the worldwide control of TB and in the attempts to END TB.

Globally in 2020 71% of people diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB were tested for rifampicin resistance, up from 61% in 2019.

Among these, 132,222 cases of MDR/RR-TB and 25,681 cases of pre-XDR-TB or XDR-TB were detected, giving a combined total of 157,903.

Worldwide 150,359 people with MDR/RR-TB were enrolled on treatment in 2020 down 15% from the total of 177,100 in 2019.

Bovine TB statistics

It is estimated that in some developing countries up to ten percent of human tuberculosis is due to bovine TB.

Regional TB statistics

WHO Region	Estimated TB Incidence
Africa	2,460,000
Americas	291,000
Eastern Mediterranean	821,000
Europe	231,000
South-East Asia	4,270,000
Western Pacific	1,800,000
Global Total	9,870,000

TB incidence for “high burden” countries

Of all the countries that report their TB statistics to WHO, there are a group of countries that are referred to as the TB “high burden” countries. These countries have been prioritized at a global level since 2000. In 2015 it was decided by WHO that the group would be revised and there is more about this on the TB high burden countries page.

The following is the estimated burden of TB for each of the 30 countries in the main high TB burden list.

Country	Total TB Incidence	Rate per 100,000 population
Angola	115,000	350
Bangladesh	360,000	218
Brazil	96,000	45
Cambodia	46,000	274
Central African Republic	26,000	540
China	842,000	59
Congo	286,000	319
DPR Korea	135,000	523
DR Congo	286,000	319
Ethiopia	151,000	132
India	2,590,000	188
Indonesia	824,000	301
Kenya	139,000	259
Lesotho	14,000	650
Liberia	16,000	314
Mozambique	115,000	368
Myanmar	167,000	308
Namibia	12,000	460
Nigeria	452,000	219
Pakistan	573,000	259
Papua New Guinea	39,000	441
Philippines	591,000	539
Russian Federation	68,000	46
Sierra Leone	24,000	298
South Africa	328,000	554
Thailand	105,000	150
UR Tanzania	133,000	222
Viet Nam	172,000	176
Zambia	59,000	319
Zimbabwe	29,000	193
Global	9,870,000	127

Page Updating

This page was last updated in August 2022.
Author Annabel Kanabus

Global world statistic

We present you the most complete, extensive and universal statistical information in the world

Top 5 largest countries

Russia	17,100,000 km 2
Canada	9,984,670 km 2
United States of America	9,629,091 km 2
China	9,596,960 km 2
Brazil	8,511,965 km 2

List of countries in the world with the largest area. If you are interested in the answer to the question «What are the largest countries in the world?» you’ve come to the right place!

Top 5 countries with the largest GDP

List of countries with the largest GDP. If you are interested in the answer to the question «which countries have the largest GDP?»- you have come to the right place!

Top 5 countries with the largest GDP per capita

Top 5 countries with the highest population density

Monaco	19,341 /km 2
Singapore	8,137 /km 2
Hong Kong S.A.R	6,823 /km 2
Gibraltar	4,817 /km 2
Macao S.A.R	2,487 /km 2

List of countries with the highest population density. If you are interested in the answer to the question «which countries Have the highest population density?» you’ve come to the right place!

Top 5 countries with the lowest population density

Greenland	3 /100km 2
Falkland Islands	22 /100km 2
Western Sahara	103 /100km 2
Mongolia	203 /100km 2
French Guiana	215 /100km 2

List of countries with the lowest population density. If you are interested in the answer to the question «which countries Have the smallest population density?» you’ve come to the right place!

Top 5 largest cities in the world

Shanghai	22,315,474
Istanbul	14,804,116
Buenos Aires	13,076,300
Mumbai	12,691,836
Mexico City	12,294,193

List of the largest cities in the world (with the largest population). If you are interested in the answer to the question «What are the largest cities in the world?» you’ve come to the right place!

Top 5 largest regions of the world

Uttar Pradesh	199,812,341
Maharashtra	112,374,333
Guangdong	104,303,132
Bihar	104,099,452
Henan	94,290,000

List of the largest regions of countries in the world (with the largest population). If you are interested in the answer to the question «What are the largest regions in the world?» you’ve come to the right place!

5 countries with the highest incidence of coronavirus

United States of America	30,706,126
Brazil	12,984,956
India	12,589,067
France	4,788,117
Russia	4,529,576

5 countries with the highest mortality rate from coronavirus

United States of America	555,001
Brazil	331,433
Mexico	204,147
India	165,101
United Kingdom	126,836

List of countries in the world with the highest number of deaths from coronavirus. If you are interested in the answer to the question «in which countries did the most people die from coronavirus?» you’ve come to the right place!

The main milestones of the world population

1960	3,000,000,000
1975	4,000,000,000
1987	5,000,000,000
1999	6,000,000,000
2012	7,000,000,000
2026	8,000,000,000
2042	9,000,000,000
2069	10,000,000,000

The world’s population is constantly growing, and we can estimate the main milestones of the world’s population

Population of the earth by part of the world

Africa	0
Asia	0
Europe	0
North America	0
Oceania	0
South America	0

Information on the population of six parts of the world of our world

Sources of our data

The main sources of data on the population, GDP and incidence of coronavirus for our site are:

We constantly update information to provide you with only reliable and verified data!

Africa

Europe

North America

Oceania

South America

On our website, we offer you detailed, daily updated statistics on various aspects of human life.

You can find detailed information about the gender and age composition of the population of any country in the world, the dynamics of growth or decline in the birth rate, and mortality,

At this difficult moment for the whole world, our site can provide you with detailed statistics about the dynamics of COVID-19 distribution.

Statistics details

World population, demographics, and projections to 2100

This graph provides information about the dynamics of changes in the quantitative composition of the earth’s population: the Total number of inhabitants, the number of men, the number of women, and the average age of the earth’s inhabitants.

In the table, we present similar data, taking into account the projections until 2100.

Year	Population	Male	Female	Median age
1950	2,524,090,474	1,260,277,814	1,263,401,479	22
1951	2,571,446,982	1,284,125,091	1,286,906,740	—
1952	2,618,020,596	1,307,607,936	1,309,993,672	—
1953	2,664,502,585	1,331,066,551	1,333,013,167	—
1954	2,711,460,095	1,354,780,797	1,356,252,291	—
1955	2,759,336,060	1,378,970,095	1,379,934,548	22
1956	2,808,444,206	1,403,790,870	1,404,217,002	—
1957	2,858,973,913	1,429,339,175	1,429,193,063	—
1958	2,911,004,530	1,455,657,157	1,454,899,832	—
1959	2,964,528,834	1,482,744,724	1,481,330,176	—
1960	3,019,523,694	1,510,593,373	1,508,469,396	22
1961	3,076,025,860	1,539,222,516	1,536,334,955	—
1962	3,134,197,502	1,568,711,176	1,565,009,916	—
1963	3,194,354,990	1,599,211,829	1,594,658,248	—
1964	3,256,888,331	1,630,911,387	1,625,483,008	—
1965	3,322,025,575	1,663,918,361	1,657,603,811	21
1966	3,389,870,644	1,698,281,458	1,691,075,897	—
1967	3,460,199,739	1,733,890,221	1,725,785,946	—
1968	3,532,491,984	1,770,489,730	1,761,468,307	—
1969	3,606,025,566	1,807,727,040	1,797,754,635	—
1970	3,680,228,153	1,845,321,134	1,834,353,744	21
1971	3,754,995,486	1,883,221,053	1,871,212,626	—
1972	3,830,325,861	1,921,422,104	1,908,333,971	—
1973	3,905,883,699	1,959,750,728	1,945,555,738	—
1974	3,981,302,849	1,998,016,173	1,982,702,341	—
1975	4,056,365,211	2,036,102,966	2,019,670,960	21
1976	4,130,892,650	2,073,924,468	2,056,369,977	—
1977	4,205,041,372	2,111,559,440	2,092,876,833	—
1978	4,279,360,164	2,149,273,398	2,129,474,645	—
1979	4,354,623,653	2,187,442,079	2,166,562,070	—
1980	4,431,423,271	2,226,355,455	2,204,440,488	22
1981	4,509,732,090	2,265,988,693	2,243,107,970	—
1982	4,589,441,652	2,306,295,451	2,282,502,219	—
1983	4,670,933,940	2,347,503,208	2,322,777,234	—
1984	4,754,656,255	2,389,884,986	2,364,106,337	—
1985	4,840,800,310	2,433,569,300	2,406,552,289	23
1986	4,929,639,107	2,478,707,200	2,450,236,625	—
1987	5,020,743,126	2,525,064,139	2,494,964,865	—
1988	5,112,726,806	2,571,902,729	2,540,090,478	—
1989	5,203,716,242	2,618,222,649	2,584,742,244	—
1990	5,292,353,997	2,663,298,011	2,628,290,177	23
1991	5,378,112,013	2,706,857,865	2,670,477,885	—
1992	5,461,313,166	2,749,074,994	2,711,454,751	—
1993	5,542,505,696	2,790,218,081	2,751,499,211	—
1994	5,622,618,567	2,830,749,868	2,791,075,518	—
1995	5,702,355,332	2,871,026,183	2,830,529,998	24
1996	5,781,851,291	2,911,102,404	2,869,942,197	—
1997	5,860,933,376	2,950,904,056	2,909,214,028	—
1998	5,939,657,413	2,990,518,162	2,948,314,499	—
1999	6,018,030,766	3,030,027,257	2,987,168,998	—
2000	6,096,096,710	3,069,508,303	3,025,744,128	26
2001	6,173,903,380	3,109,003,995	3,064,045,392	—
2002	6,251,602,913	3,148,569,702	3,102,169,456	—
2003	6,329,456,572	3,188,302,559	3,140,280,752	—
2004	6,407,783,090	3,228,309,710	3,178,591,174	—
2005	6,486,809,431	3,268,662,246	3,217,256,913	27
2006	6,566,624,297	3,309,402,506	3,256,324,354	—
2007	6,647,173,661	3,350,503,774	3,295,766,232	—
2008	6,728,354,782	3,391,877,603	3,335,568,054	—
2009	6,809,992,732	3,433,391,416	3,375,687,375	—
2010	6,891,931,603	3,474,937,607	3,416,075,634	28
2011	6,974,109,001	3,516,460,775	3,456,725,883	—
2012	7,056,475,825	3,557,948,446	3,497,601,459	—
2013	7,138,890,734	3,599,381,984	3,538,579,423	—
2014	7,221,189,561	3,640,754,394	3,579,502,415	—
2015	7,303,217,094	3,682,040,522	3,620,240,048	29
2016	7,384,895,355	3,723,219,140	3,660,735,596	—
2017	7,466,120,194	3,764,216,152	3,700,958,895	—
2018	7,546,680,333	3,804,890,340	3,740,840,132	—
2019	7,626,332,189	3,845,066,309	3,780,311,288	—
2020	7,704,889,318	3,884,611,241	3,819,318,900	31
2021	7,668,387,407	3,866,378,110	3,801,045,736	—
2022	7,742,951,914	3,903,762,533	3,838,221,588	31
2023	7,816,182,594	3,940,391,953	3,874,818,612	—
2024	7,888,327,368	3,976,405,913	3,910,945,330	—
2025	7,959,568,336	4,011,907,686	3,946,680,449	32
2026	8,029,916,185	4,046,903,949	3,982,027,962	—
2027	8,099,299,014	4,081,355,995	4,016,954,685	—
2028	8,167,721,291	4,115,269,932	4,051,459,106	—
2029	8,235,176,870	4,148,646,804	4,085,533,940	—
2030	8,301,656,172	4,181,486,965	4,119,169,444	33
2031	8,367,168,505	4,213,798,663	4,152,366,528	—
2032	8,431,707,037	4,245,584,244	4,185,116,090	—
2033	8,495,224,292	4,276,829,653	4,217,384,719	—
2034	8,557,655,987	4,307,514,395	4,249,128,687	—
2035	8,618,953,147	4,337,623,684	4,280,313,733	34
2036	8,679,093,613	4,367,152,498	4,310,922,776	—
2037	8,738,079,603	4,396,105,617	4,340,953,200	—
2038	8,795,916,027	4,424,490,100	4,370,402,955	—
2039	8,852,617,938	4,452,316,956	4,399,276,050	—
2040	8,908,193,575	4,479,593,880	4,427,573,044	36
2041	8,962,639,130	4,506,322,209	4,455,288,745	—
2042	9,015,940,792	4,532,498,671	4,482,412,613	—
2043	9,068,084,819	4,558,120,205	4,508,934,040	—
2044	9,119,055,090	4,583,182,695	4,534,840,896	—
2045	9,168,839,153	4,607,682,790	4,560,124,144	37
2046	9,217,432,757	4,631,620,483	4,584,779,537	—
2047	9,264,836,513	4,654,996,215	4,608,807,224	—
2048	9,311,048,443	4,677,807,351	4,632,207,782	—
2049	9,356,068,502	4,700,051,098	4,654,984,002	—
2050	9,399,897,582	4,721,725,304	4,677,138,927	38
2051	9,442,541,712	4,742,832,207	4,698,676,301	—
2052	9,484,005,815	4,763,373,954	4,719,598,905	—
2053	9,524,290,794	4,783,349,492	4,739,908,674	—
2054	9,563,396,574	4,802,757,073	4,759,607,316	—
2055	9,601,329,478	4,821,598,212	4,778,699,566	39
2056	9,638,095,259	4,839,874,162	4,797,189,903	—
2057	9,673,712,726	4,857,592,679	4,815,089,431	—
2058	9,708,215,773	4,874,767,931	4,832,417,815	—
2059	9,741,647,801	4,891,418,772	4,849,199,621	—
2060	9,774,044,568	4,907,560,361	4,865,455,409	40
2061	9,805,427,033	4,923,201,166	4,881,197,771	—
2062	9,835,806,143	4,938,344,966	4,896,433,760	—
2063	9,865,195,440	4,952,996,512	4,911,172,214	—
2064	9,893,605,252	4,967,159,299	4,925,419,975	—
2065	9,921,047,059	4,980,837,140	4,939,184,647	40
2066	9,947,537,213	4,994,036,077	4,952,476,621	—
2067	9,973,092,358	5,006,762,530	4,965,306,082	—
2068	9,997,724,756	5,019,021,428	4,977,680,360	—
2069	10,021,445,628	5,030,817,431	4,989,606,010	—
2070	10,044,267,082	5,042,155,453	5,001,090,300	41
2071	10,066,202,531	5,053,041,306	5,012,140,780	—
2072	10,087,267,104	5,063,480,400	5,022,767,171	—
2073	10,107,476,255	5,073,475,791	5,032,981,860	—
2074	10,126,846,148	5,083,029,822	5,042,798,716	—
2075	10,145,392,132	5,092,145,961	5,052,229,545	42
2076	10,163,130,816	5,100,830,554	5,061,284,730	—
2077	10,180,076,181	5,109,091,309	5,069,970,478	—
2078	10,196,238,536	5,116,935,171	5,078,290,122	—
2079	10,211,626,753	5,124,370,144	5,086,244,663	—
2080	10,226,252,352	5,131,404,365	5,093,837,308	43
2081	10,240,124,655	5,138,043,388	5,101,071,999	—
2082	10,253,262,011	5,144,296,017	5,107,958,181	—
2083	10,265,694,586	5,150,178,092	5,114,510,163	—
2084	10,277,457,987	5,155,708,269	5,120,744,996	—
2085	10,288,580,720	5,160,901,583	5,126,676,034	43
2086	10,299,075,999	5,165,766,315	5,132,308,254	—
2087	10,308,947,586	5,170,305,561	5,137,642,346	—
2088	10,318,200,840	5,174,522,106	5,142,680,841	—
2089	10,326,837,626	5,178,416,333	5,147,425,194	—
2090	10,334,857,988	5,181,988,793	5,151,875,005	44
2091	10,342,261,166	5,185,240,990	5,156,027,940	—
2092	10,349,045,680	5,188,175,148	5,159,880,219	—
2093	10,355,207,923	5,190,793,476	5,163,426,193	—
2094	10,360,742,362	5,193,097,138	5,166,658,980	—
2095	10,365,639,881	5,195,086,204	5,169,569,471	44
2096	10,369,888,139	5,196,758,440	5,172,147,537	—
2097	10,373,471,341	5,198,110,161	5,174,381,169	—
2098	10,376,370,366	5,199,135,445	5,176,257,023	—
2099	10,378,562,496	5,199,826,567	5,177,760,119	—
2100	10,380,020,860	5,200,173,566	5,178,873,563	45

Current indicators for coronovirus in the world

This graph provides information about the dynamics of the spread of coronavirus: the number of infections, the number of recoveries and the number of deaths from coronavirus on Earth.

The table provides similar information for clarity and accurate quantitative indicators for coronavirus in the world.

Date	Cases	Recovered	Deaths
01 22, 2020	557	28	24
01 23, 2020	655	30	25
01 24, 2020	941	36	36
01 25, 2020	1,434	39	58
01 26, 2020	2,118	52	78
01 27, 2020	2,927	61	114
01 28, 2020	5,578	107	182
01 29, 2020	6,167	126	184
01 30, 2020	8,235	143	237
01 31, 2020	9,929	222	295
02 01, 2020	12,038	284	359
02 02, 2020	16,787	472	501
02 03, 2020	19,887	623	590
02 04, 2020	23,898	852	681
02 05, 2020	27,643	1,124	781
02 06, 2020	30,803	1,487	878
02 07, 2020	34,337	2,011	996
02 08, 2020	37,070	2,616	1,116
02 09, 2020	40,098	3,244	1,255
02 10, 2020	42,634	3,946	1,403
02 11, 2020	44,676	4,683	1,542
02 12, 2020	45,054	5,150	1,549
02 13, 2020	60,207	6,295	1,899
02 14, 2020	66,691	8,058	2,109
02 15, 2020	68,767	9,395	2,307
02 16, 2020	70,880	10,865	2,451
02 17, 2020	72,816	12,583	2,587
02 18, 2020	74,610	14,352	2,780
02 19, 2020	75,031	16,120	2,939
02 20, 2020	75,578	18,176	3,109
02 21, 2020	76,207	18,889	3,113
02 22, 2020	77,968	22,885	3,399
02 23, 2020	78,291	23,394	3,410
02 24, 2020	78,890	25,227	3,627
02 25, 2020	79,743	27,905	3,734
02 26, 2020	80,712	30,374	3,814
02 27, 2020	82,076	33,267	3,869
02 28, 2020	83,461	36,701	3,943
02 29, 2020	85,352	39,772	4,030
03 01, 2020	87,734	42,706	4,098
03 02, 2020	89,714	45,592	4,202
03 03, 2020	92,308	48,218	4,290
03 04, 2020	94,610	51,160	4,399
03 05, 2020	97,419	53,786	4,505
03 06, 2020	101,316	55,825	4,628
03 07, 2020	105,379	58,318	4,742
03 08, 2020	109,336	60,654	4,992
03 09, 2020	113,501	62,454	5,191
03 10, 2020	118,498	64,363	5,471
03 11, 2020	126,132	66,677	5,826
03 12, 2020	131,865	67,997	6,146
03 13, 2020	146,161	69,925	6,633
03 14, 2020	157,228	72,297	7,058
03 15, 2020	168,806	75,707	7,739
03 16, 2020	183,254	77,761	8,384
03 17, 2020	199,142	80,513	9,229
03 18, 2020	218,666	82,984	10,207
03 19, 2020	245,724	84,647	11,358
03 20, 2020	276,372	87,092	12,714
03 21, 2020	308,305	91,364	14,438
03 22, 2020	343,096	97,571	16,127
03 23, 2020	385,869	98,023	18,072
03 24, 2020	426,943	107,669	20,360
03 25, 2020	477,844	113,194	23,166
03 26, 2020	540,580	121,537	26,196
03 27, 2020	605,508	130,300	29,693
03 28, 2020	672,601	138,800	33,417
03 29, 2020	731,789	148,461	36,921
03 30, 2020	796,898	163,916	40,988
03 31, 2020	873,604	177,371	45,726
04 01, 2020	956,289	192,510	51,696
04 02, 2020	1,042,357	103,461	57,660
04 03, 2020	1,122,564	104,237	63,720
04 04, 2020	1,198,705	105,280	69,593
04 05, 2020	1,274,612	106,400	74,741
04 06, 2020	1,346,891	107,306	80,669
04 07, 2020	1,424,048	108,215	88,901
04 08, 2020	1,507,247	109,519	95,675
04 09, 2020	1,594,243	111,234	103,420
04 10, 2020	1,682,430	112,945	110,760
04 11, 2020	1,759,576	114,162	116,910
04 12, 2020	1,845,467	115,382	122,716
04 13, 2020	1,916,097	116,163	128,648
04 14, 2020	1,999,835	120,130	135,589
04 15, 2020	2,077,061	132,118	144,001
04 16, 2020	2,172,518	133,864	151,305
04 17, 2020	2,260,157	135,772	158,372
04 18, 2020	2,337,594	137,077	164,422
04 19, 2020	2,413,444	146,564	169,639
04 20, 2020	2,490,028	147,161	175,548
04 21, 2020	2,565,715	149,325	182,797
04 22, 2020	2,646,484	153,360	189,626
04 23, 2020	2,731,110	156,324	196,457
04 24, 2020	2,814,703	158,531	203,174
04 25, 2020	2,896,373	161,578	208,776
04 26, 2020	2,967,576	163,703	212,709
04 27, 2020	3,037,873	165,213	217,414
04 28, 2020	3,114,158	167,673	223,963
04 29, 2020	3,191,253	170,348	230,612
04 30, 2020	3,274,714	173,575	236,426
05 01, 2020	3,363,061	286,601	241,602
05 02, 2020	3,442,287	290,439	247,063
05 03, 2020	3,518,476	294,057	250,544
05 04, 2020	3,596,064	297,663	254,723
05 05, 2020	3,676,527	301,388	260,557
05 06, 2020	3,766,423	306,162	267,079
05 07, 2020	3,855,012	312,189	272,413
05 08, 2020	3,946,923	317,499	277,946
05 09, 2020	4,030,451	321,778	282,150
05 10, 2020	4,105,308	326,623	285,758
05 11, 2020	4,182,054	330,095	289,236
05 12, 2020	4,266,435	336,627	294,751
05 13, 2020	4,351,122	344,646	299,915
05 14, 2020	4,447,202	636,822	305,114
05 15, 2020	4,542,766	644,642	310,283
05 16, 2020	4,637,605	651,094	314,475
05 17, 2020	4,715,370	657,140	317,674
05 18, 2020	4,804,486	664,402	321,406
05 19, 2020	4,901,236	672,612	326,047
05 20, 2020	5,002,824	725,244	330,820
05 21, 2020	5,109,363	653,544	335,502
05 22, 2020	5,215,952	665,534	340,698
05 23, 2020	5,319,545	675,146	344,534
05 24, 2020	5,414,585	684,760	347,674
05 25, 2020	5,501,190	690,214	348,873
05 26, 2020	5,595,204	696,881	353,126
05 27, 2020	5,697,822	707,145	358,245
05 28, 2020	5,817,021	734,737	362,798
05 29, 2020	5,937,930	750,327	367,408
05 30, 2020	6,074,508	763,948	371,461
05 31, 2020	6,180,940	772,723	374,328
06 01, 2020	6,277,396	789,583	377,398
06 02, 2020	6,398,549	804,270	382,081
06 03, 2020	6,512,600	1,035,513	387,566
06 04, 2020	6,643,305	1,054,534	392,671
06 05, 2020	6,774,190	1,070,656	397,251
06 06, 2020	6,908,182	1,084,011	401,038
06 07, 2020	7,020,228	1,094,169	403,766
06 08, 2020	7,122,338	1,191,655	407,442
06 09, 2020	7,247,253	1,213,510	412,245
06 10, 2020	7,382,469	1,406,522	417,328
06 11, 2020	7,520,115	1,426,265	421,972
06 12, 2020	7,648,979	1,445,164	426,217
06 13, 2020	7,783,861	1,463,505	430,372
06 14, 2020	7,916,728	1,477,788	433,760
06 15, 2020	8,035,381	1,489,485	437,190
06 16, 2020	8,177,508	1,522,488	443,900
06 17, 2020	8,320,626	1,559,143	449,086
06 18, 2020	8,461,387	1,579,301	454,016
06 19, 2020	8,641,404	1,606,216	460,096
06 20, 2020	8,798,059	1,636,642	464,257
06 21, 2020	8,925,526	1,652,670	468,244
06 22, 2020	9,064,480	1,670,439	471,898
06 23, 2020	9,231,006	1,701,845	477,021
06 24, 2020	9,403,350	1,743,233	482,218
06 25, 2020	9,581,354	1,769,161	486,863
06 26, 2020	9,773,089	1,801,213	491,615
06 27, 2020	9,950,692	1,832,706	496,074
06 28, 2020	10,114,583	1,858,133	499,226
06 29, 2020	10,269,919	1,876,399	502,962
06 30, 2020	10,444,360	1,913,115	507,867
07 01, 2020	10,662,234	1,951,191	512,794
07 02, 2020	10,872,764	2,100,928	517,864
07 03, 2020	11,073,987	2,135,886	522,867
07 04, 2020	11,266,850	2,150,553	527,239
07 05, 2020	11,450,170	2,194,943	530,779
07 06, 2020	11,615,470	2,235,955	534,609
07 07, 2020	11,826,877	6,394,879	540,577
07 08, 2020	12,040,200	6,440,850	545,857
07 09, 2020	12,266,680	6,481,409	551,253
07 10, 2020	12,499,284	6,533,908	556,517
07 11, 2020	12,714,693	6,568,643	561,354
07 12, 2020	12,906,435	6,599,457	565,378
07 13, 2020	13,098,005	6,634,846	569,328
07 14, 2020	13,319,200	6,676,885	574,897
07 15, 2020	13,550,657	6,712,615	580,346
07 16, 2020	13,801,635	6,769,062	586,106
07 17, 2020	14,043,864	6,806,665	592,731
07 18, 2020	14,279,499	6,833,170	598,235
07 19, 2020	14,492,609	6,850,826	602,298
07 20, 2020	14,699,095	6,912,375	606,525
07 21, 2020	14,932,724	6,961,264	612,676
07 22, 2020	15,212,228	7,005,110	619,613
07 23, 2020	15,495,144	7,041,972	629,502
07 24, 2020	15,775,705	7,123,218	635,522
07 25, 2020	16,029,064	7,222,403	641,067
07 26, 2020	16,241,383	7,256,912	644,761
07 27, 2020	16,467,373	7,297,680	649,941
07 28, 2020	16,719,345	7,327,761	656,211
07 29, 2020	17,010,249	7,392,177	662,824
07 30, 2020	17,290,036	7,435,578	668,862
07 31, 2020	17,580,895	7,497,190	675,014
08 01, 2020	17,828,427	7,533,093	680,456
08 02, 2020	18,059,270	7,563,776	684,762
08 03, 2020	18,265,376	7,605,852	689,437
08 04, 2020	18,522,577	7,673,024	696,009
08 05, 2020	18,798,972	7,714,908	703,013
08 06, 2020	19,083,981	7,764,106	709,472
08 07, 2020	19,365,737	7,814,809	715,750
08 08, 2020	19,623,731	7,873,199	721,152
08 09, 2020	19,848,420	7,913,064	725,766
08 10, 2020	20,074,225	7,952,557	731,039
08 11, 2020	20,332,148	8,089,293	737,253
08 12, 2020	20,607,790	8,157,505	743,806
08 13, 2020	20,896,560	8,182,510	750,013
08 14, 2020	21,200,017	8,290,831	760,143
08 15, 2020	21,446,920	8,308,904	765,472
08 16, 2020	21,661,745	8,351,460	769,716
08 17, 2020	21,869,396	8,406,473	773,892
08 18, 2020	22,126,947	8,470,469	780,727
08 19, 2020	22,406,443	8,533,246	787,416
08 20, 2020	22,678,604	8,590,088	793,463
08 21, 2020	22,938,748	8,615,549	798,870
08 22, 2020	23,202,573	8,686,841	804,426
08 23, 2020	23,408,563	8,733,909	808,338
08 24, 2020	23,634,591	8,775,660	812,834
08 25, 2020	23,877,113	8,846,813	819,097
08 26, 2020	24,160,474	8,910,158	825,339
08 27, 2020	24,440,799	8,965,409	831,216
08 28, 2020	24,724,928	9,015,034	836,701
08 29, 2020	24,988,866	9,071,808	842,022
08 30, 2020	25,213,850	9,120,769	846,043
08 31, 2020	25,471,552	9,165,629	850,250
09 01, 2020	25,738,302	9,258,366	856,657
09 02, 2020	26,018,253	9,314,592	862,707
09 03, 2020	26,298,407	9,372,135	868,334
09 04, 2020	26,612,286	9,423,432	874,256
09 05, 2020	26,881,845	9,473,302	879,206
09 06, 2020	27,112,337	9,512,634	883,018
09 07, 2020	27,329,563	9,554,533	892,391
09 08, 2020	27,570,891	9,594,582	897,291
09 09, 2020	27,854,915	9,657,217	903,371
09 10, 2020	28,154,500	9,718,579	909,193
09 11, 2020	28,475,193	9,772,881	915,022
09 12, 2020	28,761,148	9,818,742	919,927
09 13, 2020	29,003,701	9,834,407	923,632
09 14, 2020	29,266,218	9,896,592	928,060
09 15, 2020	29,558,161	9,954,141	934,501
09 16, 2020	29,855,735	10,003,634	940,249
09 17, 2020	30,170,341	10,045,783	945,724
09 18, 2020	30,496,015	10,085,671	951,400
09 19, 2020	30,787,581	10,140,718	956,637
09 20, 2020	31,039,749	10,182,317	960,375
09 21, 2020	31,315,535	10,237,594	964,513
09 22, 2020	31,599,379	10,275,437	970,483
09 23, 2020	31,874,253	10,319,779	976,083
09 24, 2020	32,227,220	10,393,518	982,747
09 25, 2020	32,557,236	10,434,818	988,632
09 26, 2020	32,845,711	10,474,603	993,984
09 27, 2020	33,094,532	10,507,366	997,662
09 28, 2020	33,347,337	10,547,514	1,001,611
09 29, 2020	33,633,988	10,602,115	1,007,575
09 30, 2020	33,958,354	10,654,271	1,013,986
10 01, 2020	34,276,586	10,693,429	1,022,700
10 02, 2020	34,573,238	10,710,514	1,027,598
10 03, 2020	34,904,812	10,788,645	1,032,999
10 04, 2020	35,167,381	10,818,672	1,036,851
10 05, 2020	35,461,613	10,857,864	1,043,775
10 06, 2020	35,792,595	10,907,025	1,049,551
10 07, 2020	36,143,025	10,950,425	1,055,369
10 08, 2020	36,504,434	11,000,879	1,061,656
10 09, 2020	36,864,413	11,033,964	1,067,813
10 10, 2020	37,221,344	11,050,916	1,072,703
10 11, 2020	37,508,286	11,093,321	1,076,720
10 12, 2020	37,798,822	11,109,238	1,080,701
10 13, 2020	38,117,227	11,125,724	1,085,966
10 14, 2020	38,498,682	11,142,712	1,092,007
10 15, 2020	38,905,662	11,163,430	1,098,152
10 16, 2020	39,316,003	11,183,244	1,104,317
10 17, 2020	39,689,038	11,201,950	1,109,934
10 18, 2020	40,005,478	11,220,066	1,113,475
10 19, 2020	40,389,715	11,225,688	1,118,284
10 20, 2020	40,779,738	11,258,565	1,124,829
10 21, 2020	41,222,995	11,275,679	1,131,470
10 22, 2020	41,696,155	11,296,429	1,137,396
10 23, 2020	42,191,607	11,319,360	1,144,345
10 24, 2020	42,647,952	11,341,254	1,150,171
10 25, 2020	43,044,566	11,361,808	1,154,508
10 26, 2020	43,492,797	11,386,650	1,159,877
10 27, 2020	43,962,184	11,794,603	1,167,247
10 28, 2020	44,471,648	11,845,933	1,174,374
10 29, 2020	45,021,766	11,885,153	1,181,467
10 30, 2020	45,592,300	11,934,289	1,189,348
10 31, 2020	46,068,900	11,975,071	1,195,730
11 01, 2020	46,531,646	12,013,877	1,200,922
11 02, 2020	47,088,493	12,055,326	1,206,836
11 03, 2020	47,628,606	12,098,722	1,215,589
11 04, 2020	48,152,891	12,136,167	1,226,305
11 05, 2020	48,748,660	12,162,152	1,234,324
11 06, 2020	49,390,096	12,226,087	1,243,951
11 07, 2020	49,987,355	12,270,969	1,251,564
11 08, 2020	50,471,743	12,300,652	1,257,420
11 09, 2020	50,968,142	12,337,362	1,264,554
11 10, 2020	51,518,953	12,379,437	1,274,419
11 11, 2020	52,174,386	12,433,069	1,284,983
11 12, 2020	52,822,119	12,482,083	1,294,752
11 13, 2020	53,472,434	12,526,826	1,304,343
11 14, 2020	54,068,891	12,556,013	1,313,439
11 15, 2020	54,542,170	12,580,322	1,319,825
11 16, 2020	55,072,544	12,661,167	1,327,735
11 17, 2020	55,683,909	12,711,200	1,338,861
11 18, 2020	56,309,607	12,761,342	1,350,195
11 19, 2020	56,963,148	12,820,932	1,361,237
11 20, 2020	57,628,839	12,875,353	1,373,078
11 21, 2020	58,214,929	12,909,000	1,382,036
11 22, 2020	58,703,103	12,955,973	1,389,235
11 23, 2020	59,226,831	13,004,588	1,397,712
11 24, 2020	59,812,536	13,062,089	1,410,364
11 25, 2020	60,448,904	13,114,105	1,422,468
11 26, 2020	61,032,655	13,167,082	1,433,361
11 27, 2020	61,718,854	13,220,466	1,444,750
11 28, 2020	62,303,113	13,248,049	1,454,032
11 29, 2020	62,792,533	13,272,480	1,461,163
11 30, 2020	63,296,010	13,313,173	1,469,969
12 01, 2020	63,909,571	13,454,238	1,482,790
12 02, 2020	64,559,882	13,528,024	1,495,281
12 03, 2020	65,253,453	13,587,392	1,507,837
12 04, 2020	65,936,809	13,650,318	1,520,328
12 05, 2020	66,578,962	13,713,778	1,530,595
12 06, 2020	67,115,409	13,738,160	1,537,993
12 07, 2020	67,634,750	13,793,852	1,546,682
12 08, 2020	68,276,873	13,887,989	1,559,094
12 09, 2020	68,946,977	13,916,059	1,571,616
12 10, 2020	70,443,904	14,023,586	1,584,284
12 11, 2020	71,147,344	14,089,175	1,597,319
12 12, 2020	71,782,100	14,115,537	1,607,667
12 13, 2020	72,312,752	14,199,953	1,615,304
12 14, 2020	72,834,490	14,240,984	1,624,397
12 15, 2020	73,472,790	14,314,379	1,638,496
12 16, 2020	74,205,710	14,369,849	1,652,064
12 17, 2020	74,944,763	14,457,319	1,665,447
12 18, 2020	75,662,274	14,502,147	1,678,179
12 19, 2020	76,275,625	14,590,792	1,688,984
12 20, 2020	76,808,644	14,632,576	1,696,868
12 21, 2020	77,355,690	14,720,713	1,706,478
12 22, 2020	78,006,265	14,778,404	1,720,959
12 23, 2020	78,700,533	14,813,325	1,734,588
12 24, 2020	79,366,318	14,832,810	1,746,205
12 25, 2020	79,830,896	14,849,835	1,754,700
12 26, 2020	80,341,124	15,025,759	1,762,019
12 27, 2020	80,778,427	15,069,801	1,769,456
12 28, 2020	81,278,378	15,127,254	1,779,291
12 29, 2020	81,939,881	15,192,044	1,794,586
12 30, 2020	82,702,776	15,275,861	1,809,689
12 31, 2020	83,427,470	15,326,569	1,822,842
01 01, 2021	83,955,638	15,346,599	1,832,344
01 02, 2021	84,581,427	15,418,764	1,840,573
01 03, 2021	85,114,359	15,446,306	1,848,270
01 04, 2021	85,668,539	15,508,784	1,858,342
01 05, 2021	86,409,915	15,576,978	1,873,680
01 06, 2021	87,193,401	15,635,445	1,888,761
01 07, 2021	88,068,025	15,708,119	1,903,377
01 08, 2021	88,874,359	15,790,020	1,918,800
01 09, 2021	89,637,613	15,879,473	1,931,610
01 10, 2021	90,226,220	15,923,995	1,939,947
01 11, 2021	90,843,125	15,984,644	1,950,219
01 12, 2021	91,550,241	16,019,651	1,967,581
01 13, 2021	92,296,778	16,104,647	1,983,987
01 14, 2021	93,051,499	16,185,606	1,999,347
01 15, 2021	93,818,111	16,255,777	2,014,482
01 16, 2021	94,451,026	16,325,694	2,027,525
01 17, 2021	94,985,174	16,368,124	2,036,379
01 18, 2021	95,499,339	16,449,608	2,045,738
01 19, 2021	96,108,071	16,533,573	2,062,620
01 20, 2021	96,799,935	16,557,882	2,080,182
01 21, 2021	97,456,029	16,638,227	2,096,875
01 22, 2021	98,114,919	16,733,615	2,112,821
01 23, 2021	98,683,042	16,782,228	2,126,065
01 24, 2021	99,128,606	16,845,335	2,134,979
01 25, 2021	99,634,911	16,909,369	2,145,642
01 26, 2021	100,183,706	16,957,474	2,162,992
01 27, 2021	100,776,859	17,044,067	2,179,619
01 28, 2021	101,381,632	17,080,533	2,196,185
01 29, 2021	101,979,759	17,188,233	2,211,974
01 30, 2021	102,495,275	17,288,838	2,225,537
01 31, 2021	102,876,732	17,334,428	2,233,497
02 01, 2021	103,323,039	17,378,308	2,243,699
02 02, 2021	103,781,642	17,451,188	2,258,593
02 03, 2021	104,301,769	17,522,085	2,274,236
02 04, 2021	104,769,311	17,595,758	2,286,845
02 05, 2021	105,303,611	17,644,656	2,303,308
02 06, 2021	105,676,601	17,693,844	2,313,422
02 07, 2021	106,074,323	17,746,469	2,321,334
02 08, 2021	106,387,023	17,773,974	2,329,597
02 09, 2021	106,816,495	17,887,116	2,345,165
02 10, 2021	107,250,627	17,941,899	2,358,581
02 11, 2021	107,692,068	17,981,860	2,372,026
02 12, 2021	108,103,870	18,055,263	2,384,061
02 13, 2021	108,477,385	18,119,143	2,393,858
02 14, 2021	108,769,944	18,156,860	2,400,203
02 15, 2021	109,070,242	18,228,999	2,407,489
02 16, 2021	109,419,015	18,269,012	2,418,322
02 17, 2021	109,815,198	18,369,871	2,429,715
02 18, 2021	110,218,498	18,415,920	2,441,044
02 19, 2021	110,630,480	18,458,677	2,452,097
02 20, 2021	110,981,134	18,553,607	2,460,447
02 21, 2021	111,293,683	18,590,123	2,466,113
02 22, 2021	111,581,150	18,616,948	2,472,916
02 23, 2021	111,969,272	18,713,888	2,484,082
02 24, 2021	112,413,000	18,751,403	2,496,073
02 25, 2021	112,858,655	18,816,848	2,506,133
02 26, 2021	113,300,937	18,876,553	2,516,422
02 27, 2021	113,690,149	18,953,010	2,524,562
02 28, 2021	113,993,255	18,976,721	2,529,961
03 01, 2021	114,297,094	19,046,908	2,537,167
03 02, 2021	114,685,853	19,129,979	2,547,659
03 03, 2021	115,046,603	19,185,904	2,558,636
03 04, 2021	115,499,370	19,260,376	2,568,415
03 05, 2021	115,945,005	19,317,456	2,578,406
03 06, 2021	116,380,481	19,369,431	2,586,217
03 07, 2021	116,721,716	19,436,063	2,591,480
03 08, 2021	117,017,359	19,538,864	2,598,311
03 09, 2021	117,433,236	19,607,218	2,610,097
03 10, 2021	117,905,863	19,665,810	2,617,964
03 11, 2021	118,375,219	19,747,547	2,627,712
03 12, 2021	118,862,902	19,821,771	2,637,330
03 13, 2021	119,317,319	19,880,346	2,646,054
03 14, 2021	119,676,546	19,922,709	2,651,546
03 15, 2021	120,022,517	20,022,085	2,658,316
03 16, 2021	120,495,753	20,103,245	2,668,190
03 17, 2021	120,378,285	15,199,151	2,665,723
03 18, 2021	120,929,121	15,275,062	2,676,214
03 19, 2021	121,485,697	15,345,122	2,686,514
03 20, 2021	121,982,326	15,401,141	2,694,562
03 21, 2021	122,403,906	15,449,919	2,700,352
03 22, 2021	122,817,110	15,572,638	2,707,665
03 23, 2021	123,328,764	15,644,749	2,718,724
03 24, 2021	123,954,546	15,748,104	2,728,290
03 25, 2021	124,602,467	15,828,218	2,739,749
03 26, 2021	125,239,903	15,927,518	2,751,901
03 27, 2021	125,821,243	16,008,278	2,761,674
03 28, 2021	126,288,534	16,081,054	2,768,106
03 29, 2021	126,738,545	16,124,175	2,776,001
03 30, 2021	127,303,003	16,211,394	2,787,531
03 31, 2021	127,980,959	16,329,689	2,799,711
04 01, 2021	128,686,526	16,412,594	2,811,510
04 02, 2021	129,313,392	16,475,748	2,821,647
04 03, 2021	129,841,794	16,549,157	2,830,033
04 04, 2021	130,391,857	16,586,726	2,836,870

Population of the earth by various age groups and projections until 2100

In this graph, we provide you with detailed information about the age composition of the earth’s population, so that you can assess the dynamics of growth/decline of the earth’s population of various age groups.

In the table, we present similar data, taking into account the projections until 2100.

Year	0-20	20-39	40-59	60-79	80+
1950	1,102,308,003	749,275,947	470,684,470	187,222,656	14,188,217
1955	1,234,455,310	796,516,890	511,775,613	200,183,606	15,973,224
1960	1,377,138,665	863,909,370	542,300,884	217,877,192	17,836,690
1965	1,561,060,585	914,434,299	581,711,688	243,444,109	20,871,524
1970	1,748,883,763	993,021,927	634,738,979	277,819,814	25,210,431
1975	1,890,586,337	1,129,525,980	690,959,040	315,035,902	29,666,696
1980	2,009,956,960	1,275,470,628	764,449,150	345,280,404	35,638,829
1985	2,124,683,938	1,466,993,039	820,199,147	384,113,241	44,132,255
1990	2,247,458,077	1,654,808,117	903,154,413	432,116,914	54,050,705
1995	2,323,799,760	1,797,814,599	1,035,683,241	479,617,323	64,641,310
2000	2,392,769,211	1,915,880,850	1,178,094,315	536,966,445	71,541,672
2005	2,432,085,725	2,028,529,352	1,357,411,516	582,523,397	85,369,246
2010	2,441,746,485	2,152,117,980	1,536,458,634	656,757,584	103,932,657
2015	2,489,445,072	2,236,950,526	1,678,061,699	774,895,848	122,927,558
2020	2,545,021,653	2,318,152,499	1,795,459,088	900,171,163	145,125,917
2022	2,563,486,015	2,336,641,300	1,840,504,487	960,162,547	153,149,873
2025	2,591,182,561	2,364,374,500	1,908,072,587	1,050,149,628	165,185,812
2030	2,613,301,609	2,381,521,253	2,031,295,719	1,200,383,271	200,571,413
2035	2,619,401,983	2,433,889,276	2,116,954,370	1,324,900,193	253,651,072
2040	2,621,884,940	2,495,072,069	2,195,601,539	1,424,921,509	304,234,374
2045	2,629,774,321	2,544,336,209	2,243,442,252	1,525,586,418	362,351,639
2050	2,638,495,683	2,568,530,532	2,265,110,002	1,641,856,886	425,131,247
2055	2,642,084,089	2,576,759,282	2,320,366,037	1,723,210,271	479,951,951
2060	2,637,479,597	2,581,493,179	2,383,690,876	1,793,890,786	519,352,772
2065	2,624,957,446	2,591,674,179	2,435,219,334	1,841,095,567	569,759,987
2070	2,606,936,785	2,602,643,837	2,462,753,296	1,873,607,523	638,989,006
2075	2,586,136,071	2,608,402,929	2,474,904,142	1,934,057,131	681,128,488
2080	2,564,174,889	2,605,907,380	2,483,663,948	2,000,344,717	709,890,969
2085	2,539,358,564	2,595,426,944	2,497,744,678	2,055,430,981	736,977,892
2090	2,511,028,534	2,579,372,747	2,512,612,108	2,090,528,116	776,410,289
2095	2,478,313,344	2,560,467,719	2,522,354,491	2,113,231,324	824,975,581
2100	2,441,703,977	2,540,320,844	2,523,962,848	2,133,819,022	872,183,881

Male population of the earth by various age groups and projections until 2100

In this graph, we provide you with detailed information about the age composition of the male population of the earth, so that you can assess the dynamics of growth/decline of the male population of the earth in various age groups.

In the table, we present similar data, taking into account the projections until 2100.

Year	0-20	20-39	40-59	60-79	80+
1950	563,253,917	375,231,122	231,158,991	85,114,304	5,519,485
1955	630,677,291	401,400,780	250,667,189	90,120,969	6,103,872
1960	703,551,374	437,552,736	265,616,213	97,185,277	6,687,779
1965	797,585,770	465,906,460	284,687,939	108,194,324	7,543,874
1970	893,499,668	505,734,746	313,652,929	123,556,182	8,877,616
1975	965,902,012	575,245,907	344,481,382	140,189,675	10,283,995
1980	1,027,796,638	649,308,398	382,368,448	154,742,083	12,139,892
1985	1,087,074,120	746,632,406	411,861,837	172,941,362	15,059,580
1990	1,151,726,931	842,094,234	453,320,557	197,761,392	18,394,903
1995	1,193,304,682	914,038,272	519,486,151	221,944,135	22,252,952
2000	1,231,571,153	973,043,125	590,353,521	249,309,395	25,231,120
2005	1,254,733,468	1,030,801,887	679,930,671	272,499,829	30,696,405
2010	1,262,186,505	1,095,851,905	769,728,450	308,734,036	38,436,730
2015	1,287,144,005	1,141,899,064	840,575,814	365,882,128	46,539,538
2020	1,314,880,569	1,187,915,156	899,880,404	426,152,696	55,782,455
2022	1,323,642,975	1,199,160,706	922,656,333	454,945,257	59,255,324
2025	1,336,786,586	1,216,029,033	956,820,229	498,134,101	64,464,635
2030	1,345,767,652	1,228,167,138	1,020,658,649	570,733,498	79,447,511
2035	1,346,398,720	1,255,723,015	1,067,092,671	631,956,977	101,890,531
2040	1,345,429,955	1,286,350,953	1,110,953,832	680,755,975	123,325,532
2045	1,347,605,620	1,309,597,295	1,139,951,009	730,580,096	148,697,782
2050	1,350,884,735	1,319,420,086	1,154,878,236	790,084,304	176,477,350
2055	1,352,148,650	1,320,997,838	1,184,291,855	833,916,021	201,172,545
2060	1,349,449,597	1,321,154,588	1,216,261,359	872,960,164	219,093,792
2065	1,342,898,997	1,324,561,232	1,240,904,958	901,165,900	242,603,093
2070	1,333,585,060	1,329,073,946	1,252,831,362	921,728,639	275,796,366
2075	1,322,891,271	1,331,540,663	1,256,892,135	953,766,719	297,289,137
2080	1,311,645,483	1,330,025,169	1,259,587,277	987,223,476	312,505,084
2085	1,298,977,711	1,324,638,013	1,265,440,432	1,013,987,327	326,846,329
2090	1,284,541,530	1,316,460,416	1,272,374,433	1,030,480,585	346,551,839
2095	1,267,880,376	1,306,875,926	1,277,298,709	1,040,938,988	369,845,510
2100	1,249,239,365	1,296,706,386	1,278,315,058	1,050,804,814	391,995,431

Female population of the earth by various age groups and projections until 2100

In this graph, we provide you with detailed information about the age composition of the female population of the earth, so that you can assess the dynamics of growth/decline of the female population of the earth in various age groups.

In the table, we present similar data, taking into account the projections until 2100.

Year	0-20	20-39	40-59	60-79	80+
1950	539,054,086	374,044,825	239,525,479	102,108,352	8,668,737
1955	603,778,019	395,116,110	261,108,424	110,062,637	9,869,358
1960	673,587,291	426,356,634	276,684,671	120,691,915	11,148,911
1965	763,474,815	448,527,839	297,023,749	135,249,785	13,327,650
1970	855,384,095	487,287,181	321,086,050	154,263,632	16,332,815
1975	924,684,325	554,280,073	346,477,658	174,846,227	19,382,701
1980	982,160,322	626,162,230	382,080,702	190,538,321	23,498,937
1985	1,037,609,818	720,360,633	408,337,310	211,171,879	29,072,675
1990	1,095,731,146	812,713,883	449,833,856	234,355,522	35,655,802
1995	1,130,495,078	883,776,327	516,197,090	257,673,188	42,388,358
2000	1,161,198,058	942,837,725	587,740,794	287,657,050	46,310,552
2005	1,177,352,257	997,727,465	677,480,845	310,023,568	54,672,841
2010	1,179,559,980	1,056,266,075	766,730,184	348,023,548	65,495,927
2015	1,202,301,067	1,095,051,462	837,485,885	409,013,720	76,388,020
2020	1,230,141,084	1,130,237,343	895,578,684	474,018,467	89,343,462
2022	1,239,843,040	1,137,480,593	917,848,153	505,217,290	93,894,568
2025	1,254,395,975	1,148,345,467	951,252,358	552,015,527	100,721,232
2030	1,267,533,957	1,153,354,115	1,010,637,070	629,649,773	121,123,980
2035	1,273,003,263	1,178,166,261	1,049,861,699	692,943,216	151,760,541
2040	1,276,454,985	1,208,721,116	1,084,647,707	744,165,534	180,908,842
2045	1,282,168,701	1,234,738,914	1,103,491,243	795,006,322	213,653,857
2050	1,287,610,948	1,249,110,446	1,110,231,766	851,772,582	248,653,897
2055	1,289,935,439	1,255,761,444	1,136,074,182	889,294,250	278,779,406
2060	1,288,030,000	1,260,338,591	1,167,429,517	920,930,622	300,258,980
2065	1,282,058,449	1,267,112,947	1,194,314,376	939,929,667	327,156,894
2070	1,273,351,725	1,273,569,891	1,209,921,934	951,878,884	363,192,640
2075	1,263,244,800	1,276,862,266	1,218,012,007	980,290,412	383,839,351
2080	1,252,529,406	1,275,882,211	1,224,076,671	1,013,121,241	397,385,885
2085	1,240,380,853	1,270,788,931	1,232,304,246	1,041,443,654	410,131,563
2090	1,226,487,004	1,262,912,331	1,240,237,675	1,060,047,531	429,858,450
2095	1,210,432,968	1,253,591,793	1,245,055,782	1,072,292,336	455,130,071
2100	1,192,464,612	1,243,614,458	1,245,647,790	1,083,014,208	480,188,450

The graphs and data in the table for 2021 and beyond are based on various analytical projectionss from the United Nations, the world Bank, and other reputable organizations.

Источники:

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